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Ecologia e conservação de anfíbios anuros do estado de Goiás
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2006-02-13) Guimarães, Lorena Dall´Ara; Bastos, Rogério Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6015137404238990; Bastos, Rogério Pereira; Brandão, Divino; Diniz Filho, José Alexandre Felizola; Pombal Júnior, José Peres; Prado, Cynthia Peralta de Almeida
This study aimed to examine patterns of anuran species richness in twenty municipalities in the State of Goiás, central Brazil. We also compared richness of anuran species among these localities and verified the patterns of spatial distribution for four habitat types (gallery forests, ponds associated to gallery forest, ponds associated to cerrado sensu stricto, and ponds close to anthropic area). Surveys were conducted between 2001 and 2005. Considering the four habitat types, a total of 6,491 individuals from 52 anuran species were registered. Calling males were found on the ground, shrubs, and grasses. Ponds associated to cerrado sensu stricto showed the highest species richness. In contrast, gallery forest assemblages exhibited the highest species diversity and equitability. The largest number of individuals was found in disturbed areas and ponds associated to cerrado sensu stricto. Similarity analysis showed that open habitats had the most similar communities, while the most dissimilar assemblages were observed between gallery forests and ponds within disturbed areas. Seven species in the families Leptodactylidae and Hylidae showed significant indicative values (bioindicators) for particular habitats. A total of 61 species was registered in twenty municipalities, representing 44.7% of the anuran richness registered for the Cerrado. The highest species richness was found in the municipality of Silvânia, while the lowest richness was registered in Mundo Novo. The results showed a non-significant correlation between socio-economics variables and anuran species composition. Anuran species richness seems to be lower close to areas used for the establishment of pastures and agriculture. On the other hand, species richness tends to be higher (likely through succession) in areas without human disturbance. Results of this study could or should be considered during development of management strategies focusing on amphibian conservation in the Cerrado biome. Moreover, a better understanding of how different fragmentation degrees affect amphibian diversity is important to access the influence of habitat quality on Cerrado´s amphibians, and also to improve management programs focused on amphibian conservation.
A planície aluvial do médio rio araguaia: processos geomorfológicos e suas implicações ambientais
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2006-05-29) MORAIS, Roberto Prado de; LATRUBESSE, Edgardo Manuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7008643054366282
The Araguaia River is the most important fluvial system of South America. With an area of 380.000Km², it´s includes two phytogeography regions that have a good part of planet biodiversity: Cerrado, in the south, and Amazonia Forest, in the north of Brazil. The high level of Cerrado ecosystem destruction and changes in the land using, after 1965, promoted an intense sedimentation in fluvial system. This study is about the channel of Araguaia river, in a 580 km extension, between the city of Barra do Garças (MT) and the confluence of Cristalino and Araguaia Rivers. The multidisciplinary approach of this study has as aim analyze the channel geomorphic and middle reach alluvial plains processes causing environmental changes to the channel morphology and to vegetation succession, done by the erosive and sedimentary processes in the channel. The quantitative data were obtained through maps, air photographs and topographic charts from Landsat 1 MMS (1975) and Landsat 5 TM (1998). Using geoprocessing recourses were done areal reports of erosive and sedimentary plans and were applied mathematics equations to estimate sediments bulk and mass remobilized and stored in fluvial system. Were obtained also socioeconomics information about the Araguaia River basin area in Goiás, during the decades of 1960 and 2000, the cities of this same basin s GDP, the cattle growing statistics, vegetation and deforestation areas. The physical and socioeconomic data showed a correlation between the emergence of geomorphologic processes that had modified the channel, with the growth and development socioeconomics activities. The gotten results had disclosed that between 1965 and 1975, few changes had occurred in the fluvial channel. After 1975, a sped up erosion process of the channel edges and of islands has beginning, mobilizing the sediments, the bigger vegetation, as arboreal and bush arboreal type, that are associates to the oldest units of alluvial plain. With greater arrives of sediments that had entered in the channel, from the edges and the islands erosion, before steady, and in bigger degree, through the tributaries that drain the contribution basin area, modified for the use of the land (cattle and agriculture), the excess of sediments intensified the lateral sedimentation and the formation of bars of the central type, increasing the interlacement of the channel and, therefore, its morphology. It was estimated that between 1965 and 1998, about 233 million tons of sediments had been stored in the fluvial channel of Araguaia river. In the new sedimentation areas it was developed herbaceous vegetation adapted to the sandy surfaces. It was evident that it is occurring, in the plain, the substitution of a bigger vegetation, with bigger floristic diversity, for a grassy vegetation of the type herbaceous, associates to the formation of a geomorphologic unit younger and unstable to the erosive and sedimentary processes, because of the hydrologic channel behavior. This fact probably will bring consequences to the diverse biological processes associates to all alluvial plain. In one another approach, throughout the historical period of the analysis, was verified that as they increased the percentages of Cerrado natural vegetation areas in the area of the basin converted into agricultural areas and of cultivated pastures, the GDP of the cities also increased. The correlation between deforested areas, growth of the GDP, volume and mass of sediments stored in the fluvial system and increase of arenaceous bars in the channel resulted absolutely in satisfactory evidences in inferring that the economic growth of the region is in a relation of direct dependence with the changes in the use of the land of the Cerrado areas, and its ambient implications in the processes of morphologic changes in the Araguaia River channel and plain
Caracterização física, estrutural e da diversidade floristica de fragmentos florestais na alta bacia do Rio Araguaia
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-03-25) CABACINHA, Christian Dias; CASTRO, Selma Simões de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4460827622247417
The upper Araguaia river basin region has been transformed by rapid and intensive human occupation processes that began in the 1970s, and now the landscape is highly fragmented. Remnant forests are surrounded by cotton and soybean plantations and pasture. They continue to be subjected to degradation and little is known about their ecological integrity. The objective of this research is increase knowledge of the remnant forest flora and provide support for public conservation and recovery policies for these remnant forests. This research consists of four chapters. The first chapter assessed fragmentation patterns under the assumption that intensive land occupation and agriculture compromised landscape structure and forest conservation in the basin. The second chapter assessed whether remnant forest tree size class structure differed from undegraded forests. The third chapter investigated whether forest remnants situated in close proximity to Emas National Park and incorporated into The Emas-Pantanal Biodiversity Corridor had higher species diversity than other remnants. The fourth chapter showed that species diversity was correlated with and vegetation indices obtained from satellite images, due to the indices sensitivity to changes in vegetation structure. These indices could be used in the future to highlight priority areas for conservation and in devising recovery policies. The major conclusions of this research are that the ecological integrity of remnant forests in the Upper Araguaia River Basin is compromised, predominantly due to lack of connectivity between the fragments and continuing exposure to degradation processes including tree felling and cattle grazing. Tree species diversity is high in these fragments, however, and species composition is dominated by small diameter early successional species. This research also established that vegetation indices obtained from satellite images, is a powerful tool in remnant forest species diversity modelling and can be used as a tool for environmental planning in areas under strong antropic pressure. This information is relevant to other degraded river basins in the Cerrado region. This research contributes to improved knowledge of the rich diversity of Brazilian forests and recognition that this diversity is threatened, particularly in the Upper Araguaia River basin, southwest of Goias State.
Análise físico-química e ecotoxicológica de combustíveis obtidos a partir do craqueamento termo-catalítico de polímeros
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-03-28) TAVARES, Maria Gizelda de Oliveira; ANTONIOSI FILHO, Nelson Roberto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5982964870999454
The present paper describes the theoretical reference for the study of the polymeric thermal catalytic cracking. A review on these type of materials it was accomplished, beginning for an introduction on new sources of alternative energy. Recycling plastics used as alternative sources fuels was evaluated under the environmental and point of view physical -chemical..The studies permitted validate the developed methodology in the research.. Ecotoxicology was used as a fundamental tool to evaluate the toxicity levels of alternative fuels sources, and the obtained levels was compared to the thoroughly used fuels, such as diesel and gasoline. And the Histology studies generated in the ecotoxicology analyses, was used as a supporting tool to obtain the conclusions.
Inserção de Variáveis Ambientais no Planejamento da Operação de Sistemas Hidrotérmicos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-09-11) VALLE, Ana Claudia Marques do; CRUZ JÚNIOR, Gélson da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4370555454162131; AGUIAR, Maria do Amparo Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1567037897337008
Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma modelagem para inserção de restrição de qualidade de água ao planejamento da operação de sistemas hidrotérmicos de longo prazo. Considerar a qualidade da água no planejamento garante, o enfoque do uso múltiplo da água. O objetivo deste é explorar a sensibilidade do planejamento de sistemas hidrotérmicos à inserção de uma variável ambiental, focando a qualidade da água. Dentre os indicadores de qualidade da água, a escolha foi pela clorofila-a e aporte de fósforo estabelecendo uma relação com o volume do reservatório.
Aproveitamento de filer de pedreiras da região metropolitana de Goiânia em pavimentos flexíveis urbanos [manuscrito]: avaliação técnica e sócio-ambiental
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-11-27) LUZ, Marta Pereira da; REZENDE, Lilian Ribeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9258692609398794; CASTRO, Selma Simões de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4460827622247417
The generation of industrial waste has been the object of increasing attention in the field of Science and Technology because of the problems which arise when it is stored and inadequately disposed of. This can have negative consequences for the worker, the company and for the neighboring population. In addition it can generate liabilities for the environment. Measures which internalize such liabilities for the productive system are necessary, but not sufficient to bring about large scale changes in what concerns the sustainable management of solid waste. Therefore, there is an urgent need for technical and participative solutions. Technical solutions would make it viable to reuse or reduce the generation of waste, while participative solutions would reduce the negative consequences for communities and bodies who directly or indirectly are part of this process. In this context, waste from the quarrying of crushed stone was studied in the metropolitan Region of Goiânia. Quarrying is an important source of resources for the economic development of the region but it is also a great generator of solid waste. The research began with the physical and chemical characterization of filler, which forms the greatest volume of solid waste, resulting from quarrying and focused on its general effects on health. It also evaluated how the workers in these companies relate to the environmental issue in this context in which they live. A survey with questions was distributed and from the answers it could be concluded that the profile of these workers is extremely lacking in information which would provide them with information to deal with legal aspects directly related to their activity. Furthermore, it could be seen that specific methodologies in Environmental Education are needed to attend to these cases. It was also detected that the accumulation of filler can be harmful to society in terms of health. This is because of its physical and chemical characteristics, and in particular its considerable concentration of silica. These facts justify the need to find a technical solution to reduce the quantity of this waste. Hence it was decided to test different blends of natural soil and filler, using laboratory tests based on soil mechanics, with a view to investigating the possibility of using filler in road pavement, as it absorbs enormous quantities of material in its constituent layers and has attracted the attention of researchers in an effort to find new alternative uses for the different types of industrial waste. At this phase, tests were carried out for characterization, CBR, dynamic triaxial tests, permeability, compressive strength using varied quantities of lateritic clay soil as filler. From the results of these tests it was possible to claim that proportions of 30% filler added to compacted soil with modified energy and 20% filler added to compacted soil with intermediate energy can be used for base and sub base purposes, respectively, in flexible urban pavements with light traffic. The result of the resilience module points to the need for prudence in the use of filler, as repeated loads of filler in the test showed that the samples which were most appropriate in the CBR Statistical Test can undergo processes leading to a loss of mechanical resistance. After deciding in the laboratory on the most appropriate proportions of soil-filler for use in pavements, an experimental track was built using this material. An analysis of its behavior was done using the following field tests: sand flagon test, speedy, dynamic cone penetration, loading plate and Benkelman beam. The results of these tests were compared with those obtained from a track built in the same location with soil-crushed rock and lateritic gravel, both considered conventional material. It could be concluded that the mechanical behavior of the experimental track built with soil-filler blends are adequate for the conditions established by the technical norm in force up until the moment they were monitored, since its mechanical behavior is comparable to that obtained when using conventional materials
Modelo de implementação de Sistema de Gestão Ambiental em empresas públicas e privadas
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-12-12) DIAS, Silvana de Brito Arrais; AGUIAR, Maria do Amparo Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1567037897337008
The environmental issue has been focus of discussion o academics and business circles in function of it importance and necessity of emergency actions. Professionals from a lot of knowledge areas are dedicating time of studying to find alternative ways to relieve or eliminate the environmental impacts. The economic development and the population growth have been contributing for the environmental impacts and it is noticed the need of actions from firms and stakeholders. ISO International organization for standardization of normalization presents the series ISO 14000 as a way of establishing requirements for the Environmental Management System, but many firms have the difficulty to implement the system because they don t know how to operate. What is proposed on these is to establish an implementation model of environmental management system to the private and public firms that orientates and gives directions to whom is on charge of the firms. The proposed model involver all the requisites of NBR ISO 14001 and was developed from the facts raisings in 20 firms from many lines of activities and actuation sector. Interviews and observations were made form itinerary of facts collection, previously elaborated. The proposed model involves the many resource types humans, financials, materials and technologicals. The research of environmental impacts aspects is basic to the structuration of the Environmental Management System and should be achieved in a participative way. The stakeholders need to be prepared and the job of a team winch involves many kinds of subjects is basic. The research in the firms was the basis to structure the model by making possible the knowledge about the working process and the internal process extant.
Mapeamento Ambiental Como Proposta Para a Construção dos Conceitos de Biodiversidade e Cerrado no Ensino Ensino de Biologia
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-02-13) CASTRO, Shaleny Costa Pereira; OLIVEIRA, Leandro Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8837912214958454
This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of environmental mapping tool for building biological concepts Biodiversity and Cerrado students in the 2nd year of high school, in the discipline of Biology. The methodology used in this study was the participant research, where he sought to break with the dyad between subject and object and theory and practice, common features in traditional searches, so there was the construction of a more solid knowledge from a more fruitful relationship between subject-subject. Thus, it was possible to promote the critical linking between scientific knowledge and the understanding of common sense by bringing the reality of daily life of the participants themselves. Three questionnaires were applied, being the first to evaluate the proficiency level of students on the Biodiversity and Cerrado concepts and the other two questionnaires were after discussion on those concepts. The questionnaire II was applied to half of the students who participated in the research after the theoretical class, in order to verify students learning after this exposition, without completing the environmental mapping. The third questionnaire was applied to the other half of the class after the completion of the environmental mapping, with the objective of verifying the effectiveness of this activity to learn the concepts proposed. The three questionnaires were compared so that we could assess the learning concepts of Biodiversity and Cerrado. To supplement the data acquired with the questionnaires, we conducted a technique that consists of a group interview, called the focus group in order to capture immediate and consistently the information desired by intensifying the points raised by the questionnaires. The comparing the questionnaires II and III to questionnaire I, we could prove the effectiveness of the environmental mapping concepts for the construction Biodiversity and Cerrado. Most of the students had some increase in their knowledge about these concepts, especially after the mapping. Analyzing and comparing the questionnaires, it is remarkable the conceptual change in relation to the previous knowledge that students had on biodiversity and Cerrado presented in the questionnaire I. In the questionnaire II and III students had more answers close to those considered scientifically accurate, showing that there was a reorganization or rejection of the previously existing concepts. The focal group interview also confirmed the effectiveness of environmental mapping tool for acquiring this concepts, as identified in the analysis of questionnaires. This tool enabled the approach of students to the environment around the school, making the lessons more contextualized and interdisciplinary, seeking overcome challenges and contradictions raised for the Teaching of Biology. The environmental mapping, inserted in the school practice, made possible the understanding of the scientific knowledge, allowing its relationship with the everyday life of students giving then a chance of using it in different situations of life, and allow students to guide and have a position before issues that can interface with their living conditions and in their daily actions.
DIÁLOGOS INTERDISCIPLINARES CONSTRUÍDOS A PARTIR DA APROXIMAÇÃO ENTRE A ENGENHARIA CIVIL E O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS EM UM NÚCLEO DE PESQUISA
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-02-26) GONÇALVES, César Augusto Paiva; FIGUEIREDO, Augusto César Ribeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5491760040448073
This study analyzes the movement for interdisciplinary approximation among specialists in different fields of knowledge, taking into consideration their epistemological and pedagogical aspects, from the perspective of a wider understanding of reality, perceived as a dynamic and complex whole. The analysis was undertaken within a Unit of Research in Science´s Teaching, originally made up of science teachers at different levels of formation, along with professors involved in Teacher Formation at the School of Civil Engineering. Four State Schools and a Federal Center of Technology also participated in the project. In this context, this study proposes to discuss the possible dimensions of the relations and interactions between specialists in science teaching and civil engineering, in order to understand the epistemological way of building interdisciplinarity into the teaching of the sciences. The unit held fifteen meetings, during which science teachers at different levels participated undergraduates, Master students, engineering professors and student engineers. From among the fifteen meetings, all filmed in VHS and transcribed, six were selected for analysis. Methodologically, this study is considered a participative research. For analytical purposes, the reflections obtained were grouped into three categories: i) the conceptions of interdisciplinarity of the different groups which make up the unit; ii) the approximation dynamics between the teaching of the sciences and civil engineering; iii) the contribution of this approximation. Considering the complex epistemological nature of interdisciplinarity and the need for renewal in the teaching of the sciences, this analysis points towards the need to promote new dialogues, based on a broad understanding of the foundations of sciences, at the different levels of production and appropriation of science. It was also seen that the analysis of a certain problematic, from an interdisciplinary perspective, generates a broader view of the ways and possible strategies needed for overcoming these difficulties, by providing indications and solutions that are more global than those obtained from an individualized approach to the object in question. On analyzing the nature of the relations referred and the building of interdisciplinarity from epistemological, pedagogical, historical, political and social aspects, this study is, therefore, justified by the character of its propositions and by the critical reflective task of understanding the dynamics of the thinking which underlies such integration.
Modelagem matemática para seleção de áreas prioritárias para conservação [manuscrito]: métodos, cenários e contribuições para a gestão territorial em Goiás
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-03-22) COUTO, Maria Socorro Duarte da Silva; HALL, Bryon Richard; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9146394846622675; SILVA, Geci José Pereira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9174074436425246; FERREIRA JÚNIOR, Laerte Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8647270006257055
The efforts to minimize the growing loss of habitats and threatens to biodiversity are increasingly based on objective criteria, which allow prioritize areas and species in need of preservation, taking into account the limitations in both natural and economic resources. These criteria are fundamental for the reserve selection and design, mainly at regions severely affected by land use intensification. In particular, the use of mathematical modeling, enabling the identification of more efficient alternatives, is an important subsidy to conservation challenge. Specifically, in this dissertation we present a new approach for the selection of priority areas for conservation, which considers both the quality and ecological feasibility of the remnant vegetation in the Cerrado areas of the State of Goiás, as well as the practical and legal aspects regarding the use of watersheds for territorial management. This proposal, based on a non-linear mathematical model, allows the parameters to vary according to the socialeconomical and environmental interests, thus generating distinct solutions and scenarios. Among the possible outcomes, we highlight as an "optimum" solution, the one with a large number remnant vegetation areas within riparian environments, which serves the purpose of strengthening spatial connectivity and natural corridors. In fact, this model can be used either to promote the conservation of large remnant vegetation patches, as well as to optimize the restoration of degraded areas, mainly in riparian environments, through the generation of alternative spatial patterns aiming at a more efficient connectivity in highly converted areas
Perspectivas comunicacional e hipertextual à luz das tecnologias em educação em meio ao uso de Fóruns e Chats na Didática da Matemática
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-03-26) NASCIMENTO, Weldson Luiz; RIBEIRO, José Pedro Machado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1433861823493391
This work is the result of a qualitative research on participative nature that arouse from the study of facts and analysis of bachelor in mathematics II (DID2), during the first semester of 2008 in the college of mathematics and statistics at Goiás Federal University (UFG). The main purpose of this research was to verify the range on which the virtual classes could either or neither contribute to the learning process. The study was shaped according to 50% of presence classes and 50% of non presence ones. Virtual learning was used for non presence activities (AVA) Moodle. In the context of the research, the researcher was a copartner in the working up and effective accomplishment of pedagogical activities and virtual ones (AVA), as well as a researcher in exercise in the presence and non presence activities, developed by his/her professor. Because of the pedagogical range that the subject presented itself, thematic cuttings were essential for data analysis. Communicational perspectives were researched then, hyper textual information about the developed subject and the above-mentioned (AVA). With the analysis categories of every perspective above-mentioned, interchanges of speech were developed in forum and chats when, they were contrasted it was found the construction of an interactive communication and expressive textual dialogue as the priority perspective signalized. Simultaneously, the dissertation also contributed to sections, whose debates gave a subsidy to themes, not totally clarified by the approach pertaining to a not present education (EaD). The themes approached passed by possible differences between interaction and interactivities, and also about the possibility to create communicational spaces, which developed themselves. It also holds conceptions about emblematical themes, technologies of information and communication (TIC) and (AVA). The legal base about the EaD and some contributions examined in the development of the subject that lay the foundation and stimulate virtual practices. In this context the research created new thoughts about pedagogical virtual practices, mainly to involve the researched subject, a non conventional practice in similar research in the field of Mathematics. This practice approaches a subject in the field of education not for the specific Mathematics subject.Perspective and hypertextual communication in the light of technology in education through the use of Forums and Chat the Didactics of Mathematics
Biodiversidade e padrões de distribuição da anurofauna do Parque nacional das emas e entorno
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-03-30) KOPP, Katia A; BASTOS, Rogério Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6015137404238990
Composition and diversity of anuran amphibians in preserved and disturbed environments in the Cerrado of the State of Goiás, Mid-West Brazil. The Cerrado is the second largest biome of Brazil, with an approximate area of 2 million km², which represents about 23% of the total area of the country. Despite the high conversion of natural areas of the Cerrado in agricultural areas and pastures, comparative studies that address aspects of the composition and diversity of frogs from adjacent areas in different states of conservation are lacking. Thus, this study aimed to address taxonomic richness and community composition of anuran amphibians in twelve water bodies located in preserved areas (inside the National Park of Emas - PNE) and disturbed areas located around the PNE to test whether the structure of frogs communities is different in preserved and disturbed areas and whether species richness is correlated with descriptors of the heterogeneity of habitats. Were recorded 25 species of frogs belonging to nine genera of five families in the 12 water bodies sampled. Species richness was higher in disturbed than in preserved areas. Diversity and equitability were significantly higher in preserved water bodies (P <0.05) while dominance was higher in disturbed water bodies. An analysis of percentage of similarity (SIMPER) showed that the percentage of dissimilarity between the compared groups was 52.26%. The analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) showed significant results on differentiation between groups (Global R = 0.17, P = 0.04). Species richness was not related to any descriptor of heterogeneity. Geographic distance was related to species composition between sampled water bodies (r = -0.35, p = 0.01). At least two non-exclusive factors may be responsible for patterns of species composition and diversity of frogs found in the environments studied: a) the disturbance caused by human action in the use of natural areas for agriculture and livestock enables greater richness of species in disturbed areas, which is consistent with the hypothesis of intermediate disturbance, b) the migration between adjacent ponds allows the maintenance of communities and patterns of species composition. Thus, although species richness was lower in preserved water bodies, the highest diversity recorded in such habitats demonstrates their importance for the maintenance of community integrity and viable frogs populations
A Expressão da Compreensão de Alunos com Dificuldades de Aprendizagem em Matemática ao Trabalhar com o Material Cuisenaire
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-03-30) LEITE, Lusitonia da Silva; BARRETO, Maria de Fátima Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1434730073194299
Concrete materials are part in the searching of learning methods that allow a better understanding in the learning of mathematics. In this work, I research how do students with difficulties in learning express Mathematics comprehension when they deal with the Cuisenaire Material in a learning situation, and what do they understand from it? The investigation basis was the Experiencing Mathematics in Elementary School project developed in CEPAE (Center of Teaching and Research Applied in the Education of UFG). The data collection happened in five meetings/classes performing activities on the basic arithmetic operations. The participants are twelve students from 5º e 6º grades who have a low learning performance, according to their mathematics teachers. In terms of procedure, we used the qualitative research on the perspective of the phenomenological approach. Once a contact was established among the students speech, my interpretations on their speeches and the theories used to support my interpretations, I think this material revealed itself significant and the students demonstrated comprehension on the basic arithmetic operations. Seeing, thinking, combining parts to the numbers, comparing them, putting them in order, compounding and decompounding them, replacing values, working over their own acts and thoughts, sharing ideas with classmates, and being attentive lead students to experience discoveries. Based in what was experienced in this research, I present some contributions to teachers who intend to use the Cuisenaire material to teach their students.
A Relação entre a Educação de Jovens e Adultos e a Educação Ambiental
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-04-09) PARANHOS, Rones de Deus; SHUVARTZ, Marilda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7325765815766484
O Programa Nacional de Inclusão de Jovens PROJOVEM: Uma Análise Entre o Proposto e o Vivido em Goiânia
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-04-17) FRIEDRICH, Marcia; BENITE, Anna Maria Canavarro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8433607360245647
The adult and youth education permeates the history of education, and this follows the rhythms of the history of society in its economic models, dictated by political and social power relations of groups ideologically dominant. Education and specifically in the EJA, significant issues arise in the pursuit of knowledge teachers need to be targeted this segment of education that follows the margin of history education. Once this work is the result of a search related to the Program for Master of Education in Science and Mathematics that aims to make reflections on the historical trajectory of the EJA in Brazil, the debate back to issues related to public policies, characterization of this group, contextualizing the proposals teaching directed to that. Some general considerations concerning the structure of scientific knowledge and the teaching of science and mathematics in the social context of the egress of the National Program for Inclusion of Youth: Education, Vocational Training and Community Action- PROJOVEM conclude our presentation of research results
O Planetário: Espaço Educativo Não Formal Qualificando Professores da Segunda Fase do Ensino Fundamental para o Ensino Formal
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-04-20) MARTINS, Cláudio Souza; BARRIO, Juan Bernardino Marques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6859482550702496
Despite the changes introduced in the Brazilian Educational System since the LDB from 1996, and of the introduction in the PCN s Natural Science of the transversal theme Earth and the Universe, it is still practically null the knowledge of the teachers about the Astronomy concepts presents in the school curriculum, the formal Education scope. This work emphasizes the need and importance of the study of Astronomy, analyses how the Museums and Science Centers, in particular Planetariums, as non-formal education spaces, can suppress partially this need, having in account that the education is not restricted to the classrooms, but happens on a diversity of other spaces where the human life develops and proposes a kind of minimize the teaching formation deficiencies to treat this theme. The Planetariums, devices destined to reproduce the starry sky, with the Sun, the Moon and the planets, as well as other astros, with their movements as we see then from Earth s surface, exist since Archimedes. It s conception evolved from small celestial globes and armillary spheres that can be placed on a table to huge Planetariums with thirty to forty meters of diameter domes, capable of shelter in it s interior three hundred people, and capable of simulating space travels through the Solar System or beyond the limits of our Galaxy to the frontiers of the known Universe. A special attention is given to the Planetarium of the UFG, for this being the space where the scientific education in it s formal, informal and non-formal aspects have been developed for more than thirty years by the staff that composes the faculty of this organ of the UFG. A brief historical of this Planetarium is presented, describing the work developed by the teaching staff. A research made with fundamental school teachers who brought their students to the Planetarium on the first semester of 2008 revealed the total acceptance of the service offered by the Planetarium with a derisory number of critics, what seems to be due to the immense lack of information about astronomy and to the only active presence of the Planetarium of the UFG on the Center West region of Brazil. With the intention of giving a step ahead in the qualification in Astronomy, is made a proposal of a course for the second stage Fundamental School teachers which could open new horizons for many Science teachers on the understanding of the scientific approach of the mysteries of the Cosmos.
O LÚDICO NO ENSINO DE FÍSICA: ELABORAÇÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM MINICONGRESSO COM TEMAS DE FÍSICA MODERNA NO ENSINO MÉDIO
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-04-22) FILGUEIRA, Sérgio Silva; SOARES, Marlón Herbert Flora Barbosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9698540158266610
In this work are showed results of research with students from third grade of a public school in de high school level, in the Goiânia city. Are presented the preparation and development of a minicongress with modern physics themes. The themes were worked: photoelectric effect, wave-particle duality, nuclear fission and fusion, universe s origin, relativity theory , x-rays and laser. The classrooms were divided into groups; each was responsible for one of the topics. The objective was to write a paper to minicongress a held at the school, following all the rites of an academic scientific congress. Among the submission of paper and presentation of posters, the teacher mediate in the groups, providing them various articles and texts that had relationship with themes. The aim was to investigate the feasibility of working with themes of modern physics and contemporary at this level of education through a play activity. It is discussed in this work to the playful connection with the inclusion of topics in modern physics and Contemporary in basic school. The results showed high involvement and interest of students by the activity. It was clear the enthusiasm that students demonstrated with the themes, especially in learning the concepts involved in physical technological applications that they already knew. The elaboration of minicongress made in the school's computer laboratory. This aspect contributed to making the activity more fun, because use of computers became more conceptual discussions pleasant. The work groups were sent by another tool for evaluating the learning of concepts worked. A comprehensive analysis of search results in shows that working with themes of modern physics and contemporary in high school using the tool as playful, is a viable alternative.
As concepções de meio ambiente e natureza: implicações nas práticas de educação ambiental de professores da rede estadual de ensino no município de Aparecida de Goiânia (GO)
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-04-23) MORAES, Fernando Aparecido de; SHUVARTZ, Marilda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7325765815766484
Given the environmental issue faced nowadays, the relevance of EE (Environmental Education) is evident, as it contributes to the search for changes in the way we behave and exist in the world, and is developed from different points of view and perceptions in the basic school. It is known that in order for it to become satisfactorily effective, it still has to break several barriers related to teachers, schools, public policies and society as a whole. Hence, considering the importance of EE, its challenges in stepping on this unstable ground, and our necessity to learn how it has been practiced and understood, this research was carried out in the schooling environment of Aparecida de Goiânia GO, with the main goal of learning the conceptions and practices of EE by the teachers of the State public school in this city. We have worked with teachers of the morning shift basic and high schools, of the subjects Science, Geography, Mathematics, Biology and Chemistry. The research was extensive (quantitative) and comprehensive (qualitative) in which we used the questionnaire, method largely used in social research. As the analysis progressed, we noticed that the conceptions of nature, environment and EE by teachers are distant from meeting the needs of environmental issues, because as the are motivated mainly by their life experience and professional development, they maintain the values and practices that support the current model of life, based on anthropocentrism and on the development at any cost. In this way, they end up perceiving environmental issues as something fragmented and superficial, which tends to lead to a dichotomy, placing man as a totally different creature from the others. As we know that their conceptions affect the activities that they develop at school, we notice that the practices that they say to perform and to label as EE are distant from the public policies. Consequently, they approach environmental issues in their activities in a naïve and simplistic way. We understand the importance of teachers initiatives. Despite their limited knowledge, they try to apply EE in schools, but we understand that many modifications need to take place in order for both their conceptions and their practices to change, so that we can seek the building of knowledge that involves the environmental issue and its distinct aspects. However, in order for such changes to take place, it is understood that SEDUC needs to permit bigger curricular flexibility, with emphasis on interdisciplinary treatment of EE, investments in initial and continued teachers training as well as civil society involvement, represented by the people from around the school, in the environmental issues
DISCUSSÃO CURRICULAR A PARTIR DO TEMA ENERGIA NUMA PERSPECTIVA DE INTERVENÇÃO NA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-04-28) BENITE, Claudio Roberto Machado; ECHEVERRÍA, Agustina Rosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5515276044247189
The main purpose of this work was the investigation of public high school s teachers participation in various disciplines, in meetings to discuss curriculum, based on the theme energy, located in the city of Goiânia. This is a project included in a partnership university / school, in the perspective of new ways of intervention in their own practice. Starting from these assumptions is essential to highlight the role of nuclear research as the Center for Research in Science Teaching - NUPEC of IQ / UFG in environments such as school aggregate; therefore, the asymmetric relationship between the components allows both the collective and the individual growth. Whereas the theoretical and practical knowledge build the professional knowledge, this research is configured as an innovative alternative in the Teaching of Science during the execution of the project entitled "Construction of a solar collector with alternative materials: an experience in clean energy at the high school , aiming the increase of students' interest in natural and the engineering sciences, and the intention to motivate of school s teachers to adopt more stimulating science education practices. The data from this study, which has elements of a participatory research, are collected from the analysis of transcripts of six planning meetings recorded on VHS. The conclusion extracted from data analysis was that teachers find difficulties in getting engaged in activities other than those which constitute the everyday school life. At the same time we can see the potentiality that this type of approach - University / School - has in the perspective of developing new proposals of education and conclude that when supported by more experienced partners and backed up by school administration, teachers propose, discuss develop and carry out new pedagogical practices.
A visão de professores de ciências do ciclo II sobre o sistema de ciclos de formação e desenvolvimento humano da rede municipal de educação em Goiânia
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-05-04) AZEVEDO, Gislene Sousa de Sa; ECHEVERRÍA, Agustina Rosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5515276044247189
The aim of this study was to investigate the II cycle science s teacher s point of view about Ciclos de Formação (Formation Cycles) in the Teaching Municipal s Web in Goiânia. Since the role of teachers is to achieve any pedagogical proposal, it is important to identify what the teachers think about Ciclos de Formação (Formation Cycle) once they signified a very important change in the Teaching Municipal s Web in Goiânia. The research embraced all the formation II cycle s science s teachers of the Teaching Municipal s Web. The methodology used were the semi-organized interviews which had the purpose to comprehend and evaluate based on pedagogical aspects and the role of science teaching in this organization- the teachers about the implementation process of cycles in the Teaching Municipal s Web. The results of this work indicates that after eleven years of the Formation Cycles s implementation in Teaching Municipal s Web, there are, in the science s teacher s point of view progresses, equivocal, lack of comprehensions and great difficulties in the pedagogical conduction that shows the necessity to enlarge the study and to systematized the reflection about this teaching organization policy, their implications in the student daily classes and about the science teaching s role in the formation of the pupil. In this way, it is concluded that there are the necessity of offering, in the initial formation of science teachers, studying spaces and discussion about the nature of the scientific knowledge and the pedagogical politic aspects.

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