Doutorado em Agronomia (EA)

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Fertilização nitrogenada como ferramenta para mitigação de efeitos do déficit de radiação solar no arroz irrigado
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-09-06) Carvalho, Renata de Castro Marques; Moraes, Moemy Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5678716451015561; Heinemann, Alexandre Bryan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0452123469996239; Heinemann, Alexandre Bryan; Stone, Luís Fernando; Santos, Marcos Paulo dos; Silva, Rodrigo de Souza; Silva, Elaine Fernanda da
Rice is part of the routine diet of the Brazilian population. Worldwide, it is considered one of the species with the greatest potential for combating hunger. Nitrogen is the nutrient most required by the rice crop. Solar radiation is one of the elements of the climate that most affects crop productivity. In Brazil, rice is grown in different regions, whose locations have a different supply of solar radiation throughout the cycle. This is one of the factors that explains the differences in productivity between regions. Some studies have shown that the supply of nitrogen as a top dressing minimizes the damage caused by solar radiation deficit in irrigated rice. In view of the above, the aim of this study was to determine the impact of the solar radiation deficit on two cultivars of irrigated rice and to investigate whether the supply of nitrogen minimizes the effects caused by this deficit. Two field trials were conducted for the 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 harvests. The work was carried out at the Palmital Farm experimental station, belonging to Embrapa Rice & Beans, in the municipality of Goianira-Goiás. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a subdivided plot design, with shading as the main plot, the nitrogen dose as the subplot and the cultivars as the sub-sub-plots. The cultivars studied were BRS Catiana and IRGA 424 RI. The nitrogen source used was urea, at doses of 50 kg ha-1 of N (applied just once, at the V2 stage) and 180 kg ha-1 of N (spread over three seasons, V2; V3 and V6, with the respective doses of 50; 50 and 80 kg ha-1 of N). The light-restricted plots were covered with a black propylene screen with an attenuation capacity of 30% of global solar radiation, which was installed at the start of flowering (R4) and remained in place until physiological maturity (R9). Fifteen days after the shading was installed, the plants' gas exchange was assessed using an infrared gas analyzer. At the same time, plant samples were taken for analysis of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and total nitrogen content. At harvest time, a 1.0 m row was sampled for analysis of yield components. Yield was obtained by harvesting 10 m of the row. Whole grain yield was assessed by processing a 100 gram sample from each experimental plot. The data was submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared using the Tukey test (p<0,05). Shading reduced the concentration of non-structural carbohydrates in the leaf and stem of the cultivars in the shaded condition. The nitrogen content in the plant was reduced under conditions of light restriction. Gas exchange (net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration and transpiration) was affected by the availability of solar radiation. Under shaded conditions, there was a lower yield of whole grains. Increased nitrogen application allowed for a recovery in gas exchange, non-structural carbohydrates, nitrogen content in the plant, productivity and whole grain yield, under conditions of limited solar radiation. The IRGA 424 RI cultivar had a greater ability to adjust in the shaded condition compared to BRS Catiana, which implied higher productivity in this condition. In the unshaded condition and at the highest dose of N (180 kg ha-1), the BRS Catiana cultivar showed higher productivity than IRGA 424 RI. Applying nitrogen as a top dressing is a management strategy that can be applied to minimize the impact of solar radiation deficit on irrigated rice crops.
Microrganismos multifuncionais como estratégia para suprir a demanda de fósforo na produção sustentável de grãos no cerrado
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-04-17) Cruz, Dennis Ricardo Cabral; Nascente, Adriano Stephan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3194091518396388; Nascente, Adriano Stephan; Lacerda, Mabio Chrisley; Sousa, Cleiton Mateus; Lobo Junior, Murillo; Leandro, Wilson Mozena
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Vermicompostagem de lodo de curtume na cultura do tomateiro irrigado com água residuária de esgoto doméstico
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-02-26) Cunha, Ananda Helena Nunes; Araújo, Fernando Godinho de; Pinto, Guilherme Malafaia; Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; Borges, Jácomo Divino; Pinto, Guilherme Malafaia; Vieira, Jonas Alves
This study developed different experiments in greenhouse conditions, which, in general, sought to evaluate the use of vermicompost of tannery sludge and domestic sewage in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The first study evaluated the vermicomposting tannery sludge mixed with cattle manure, poultry litter, sugarcane and rice husk ash in different proportions, in order to produce vermicompost with high nutritional quality, such as waste treatment technology. The results showed that the vermicompost produced with Eisenia foetida present in most parameters assessed in treatment, statistical differences on the treatments, and the comparison made between the initial and final values. The final concentrations of the variables N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Ni were, in general, larger than the initial concentrations for all treatments, favoring a final destination environmentally suitable for tannery sludge, since the results allowed the use of these as fertilizer for later plant nutrition. In general, vermicomposts had C/N, chromium, nitrogen, pH, copper, nickel and lead appropriate technical specifications of Instruction MAPA and CONAMA resolution, highlighting the T1 (100% EB) and T8 (25% LC + 75% CC). The second study investigated the production of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) variety Santa Cruz Kada (paulista) irrigated with domestic wastewater and fertilized with tannery sludge vermicompost in a typical Dystrophic Red Latosol (Oxisol). From the first study was chosen the best vermicompost seeking fertility and a source of potassium as a criterion of choice. For the results obtained T2 (25% Sludge tannery + rice husk) had a higher weight value of the fruits as well as production (6.68 kg) and longitudinal diameter. For pH values of tomato fruits stands T4 (50% Sludge tannery + Grey cane) value of 4.40, which does not differ from other treatments, except for T1 (25% Sludge tannery + manure beef). For different types of water (wastewater and water supply) it is observed that the T3 (50% Sludge tannery + bovine manure) and T5 (conventional fertilization) have higher values of pH and Brix. For the time it was observed that there was no interaction between the sources of variation "treatments" and "water". According to nutritional assessment, only boron showed values below critical levels, which does not hurt production. The thirtd study aimed to evaluate the effect of tannery sludge vermicompost in chemical properties of soil cultivated with tomato and irrigated with wastewater. As shown in the results the addition of vermicomposto, mainly in the addition of T2 = 25% + LC 75% of rice husk and T4 = 50% + LC 50% cane ash, increasing concentrations of soil chemical properties, favoring this condition as soil conditioner even after the tomato crop. Thus, it is concluded that the tannery sludge vermicompost mixed with different substrates are important sources of nutrients for the tomato crop favored by irrigation domestic sewage. However, we suggest caution in the use of these residues in agricultural reuse for environmental preservation, since there may be excess nutrients when applying vermicompost combined with the domestic sewage, the latter should be used to complement the made fertilization. The increase of nutrients in the soil, since significant increases were observed in all the elements, demonstrating viability as biotechnology disposal of waste must be observed.
Caracterização morfoagronômica de acessos do gênero Capsicum da coleção de pimentas da Escola de Agronomia da UFG
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-12-09) Dias, Fernanda Martins; Melo, Patrícia Guimarães Santos; Reis Nascimento, Abadia dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6270103344297514; Reis Nascimento, Abadia dos; Sousa, Cleiton Mateus; Faria, Raquel Cintra de; Silva, Flavio Alves da; Campos, Luiz Fernandes Cardoso
Embargado.
Caracterização das regiões produtoras de feijão-comum baseada no risco climático
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-02-28) Justino, Ludmilla Ferreira; Matta, David Henriques da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0274497958438413; Heinemann, Alexandre Bryan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0452123469996239; Heinemann, Alexandre Bryan; Stone, Luis Fernando; Battisti, Rafael; Cuadra, Santiago Vianna; Alves Júnior, José
The aim of this study was to define the climatic risks of yield loss in common bean and identify and classify the regions producing this grain in Brazil, through computer simulation, functional data analysis and machine learning tools. Simulations were carried out with the CSM-CROPGRO-Dry Bean model for different municipalities, sowing dates and growing seasons (wet, dry and winter). To define the yield loss, the loss curves were calculated by season, year and municipality, based on simulated yield. Subsequently, the curves were grouped using functional K-means and a functional average loss curve was established to explain the behavior of each group of municipalities. To identify and classify homogeneous common bean production regions, K-means and decision tree machine learning techniques were used to, respectively, group homogeneous environments based on simulated yield and associate environmental covariates with homogeneous environments. In general, during the wet season, the delay in sowing contributed to the increase in common bean yield. At later dates (between 10/dec and 30/dec) yield loss of less than 20% were observed. During the dry season, the delay in sowing caused a reduction in yield, mainly in the Central-West and Southeast regions, with the loss exceeding 70% (10/mar). At these seasons, water stress was the main factor in yield losses. In winter, yield varied less markedly between sowing dates. The use of irrigation at this time provides smaller loss in yield (< 20%), although air temperature is a limiting factor for the expansion of common bean cultivation.
Irrigação Autonôma Integrada Para Eficientização do Uso Da Água E Energia
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-02-27) Mendes, Andre Luiz Milhardes; Evangelista, Adão Wagner Pego; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5171893735359718; Alves Júnior, José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3418524049655817; Alves Júnior , José; Souza, João Maurício Fernandes; Sandri , Delvio; Pena , Diogo da Silva; Casaroli, Derblai
The efficient use of water and energy are some of the main challenges of irrigated agriculture. On average in Brazil, irrigators spend around 10% of the total production cost on energy, and due to lack of correct management, they waste 20 to 30% of the water applied. There are many technologies available to increase the efficiency of both systems and management, one of which is irrigation automation. If, on the one hand, the automation of irrigation systems is still not widespread among small irrigators, it is quite widespread among those who produce in protected environments. However, correct irrigation management is still little adopted due to the lack of management integrated into the automation system. In large areas, especially irrigated by central pivot, irrigation management programs have been adopted more frequently. However, there is still an excessive expenditure of energy in pumping water, as pumping station engines are normally sized to meet the steepest point of the terrain, leaving the irrigation system constantly operating at maximum power, wasting energy. In this case, the technology that needs to be used is the frequency inverter in the electric motor. However, commercially available options are expensive, which limits access to this technology by irrigators. Thus, the objectives of this thesis were: 1) to develop a low-cost irrigation controller with integrated irrigation management based on information from soil and/or climate sensors, and its field validation in irrigation management for pepper crops in protected environment; 2) build a low-cost motor pump rotation control system, considering the variation in system pressure according to the variation in terrain unevenness, and validate the proposed system, in an area irrigated by a central pivot, evaluating the effects on the blade irrigation, uniformity of water application, and their consequences in millet cultivation. The studies were carried out in the laboratory and in the field at EA-UFG in Goiânia-GO, from 2022 to 2023. In study 1, pepper plants irrigated by the new controller produced 10.48% more flowers and 36.78% more peppers per plant, using 39.70% less water throughout the cultivation cycle, compared to the conventional controller. Thus, the new system is an important alternative for irrigation automation, with the advantage of integrated autonomous management and low cost. In study 2, there was an effective reduction of 8.11% in the engine's electrical energy consumption. The modernization cost was 36.87% lower compared to commercial automation. The fluctuation in the unevenness of the land altered the irrigation depth, but did not interfere with the uniformity of water applied, and consequently no difference was observed in the growth and productivity of millet plants. Therefore, this alternative modernization is a viable technical option for central pivot systems, and its viability increases as the terrain gradient increases.
Consórcios de rizobactérias multifuncionais: aplicações e eficiência na cultura do feijão-comum
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-12-11) Oliveira, Ana Paula Santos; Ferreira, Enderson Petrônio de Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6292879655540619; Ferreira, Enderson Petrônio de Brito; Lacerda, Mabio Chrisley; Mirza, Cássia Cristina Rezende; Rabelo, Kassia Cristina de Caldas; Leandro, Wilson Mozena
Embargada.
Rizobactérias e silício no manejo da cultura do arroz de terras altas ao déficit hídrico e à brusone
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-03-10) Oliveira, Rodrigo Silva de; Lanna, Anna Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0661616367659826; Filippi, Marta Cristina Corsi de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0029536556461484; Filippi, Marta Cristina Corsi de; Araujo, Leila Garces de; Siebeneichler, Susana Cristine; Schurt, Daniel Augusto; Marques, Eder
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the cereals with the highest potential for providing and maintaining human nutritional needs. Biotic factors (Magnaporthe oryzae) and abiotic factors (water deficiency) can compromise rice crops, such as diseases that reduce productivity and affect grain quality, as well as conditions of water stress. Additionally, the limited availability of Phosphorus (P) in the Cerrado soil stimulates the search for technologies such as phosphorus-solubilizing rhizobacteria and plant growth promoters to improve the acquisition of scarce minerals by plants and mitigate these stresses. The present study aimed to evaluate the combination of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (Serratia marcescens and Bacillus toyonensis) and silicon (Si) in managing upland rice crops under water deficit and blast stress. In the first study, S. marcescens showed potential to solubilize non-labile phosphorus and promote plant growth. Inoculation with S. marcescens increased root area by 61.5%, volume by 31.5%, and length by 101%. The presence of phosphorus solubilization halos around root segments confirmed its solubilizing action. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) detected biofilms and microcolonies of the bacteria. Genome analysis revealed genes related to indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis, phosphate solubilization, and biofilm production. In the second study, the combination of S. marcescens and B. toyonensis with silicon and non-labile phosphorus was tested under different osmotic pressures to evaluate resistance to water stress. The combination increased surface area: 27.5% (0 MPa), 20% (-2 MPa), and 18.5% (-4 MPa); root volume: 150% (0 MPa), 58% (-2 MPa), and 55% (-4 MPa); total length: 67.5% (0 MPa) and 116.5% (-2 MPa); thick roots: 158.5% (-2 MPa) and 25.5% (-4 MPa); very fine roots: 18.5% (-2 MPa) and 30% (-4 MPa). The presence of halos around microbiolized plant segments confirmed phosphorus solubilization. SEM revealed biofilms, microcolonies, and glycocalyx under different osmotic conditions. In the third study, rhizobacteria combined with Si suppressed blast and mitigated the effects of drought in rice grown in a greenhouse. Key results include: rice productivity increased by 72% under water deficit and 35% under irrigation; reduction of panicle blast (PBS) by 60% under water deficit and 77% under irrigation; reduction of blast on the auricle and ligule by 44% under water deficit and 70% under irrigation; positive modulation of antioxidant enzymes and defense-related proteins. In the fourth study, the impact of bioagents and silicon on suppressing blast and promoting rice growth under low phosphorus availability was analyzed in two field crops. Bioagents and silicon reduced leaf blast (LBS) by 77.93% and panicle blast (PBS) by 62.37%. Additionally: the Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) was reduced by 77.3% (LBS) and 60.6% (PBS); grain yield in the first crop (E1) was 25% higher than in the second crop (E2). In E2, productivity increased by 71.95% (2435.72 kg/ha) compared to the control. The combination of bioagents and silicon improved biochemical and enzymatic indicators, reducing the impact of blast and optimizing rice productivity in low soil fertility conditions. In the fifth study, the interaction between rhizobacteria and silicon promoted growth, nutrient absorption, and rice productivity under low phosphorus availability. The results were: suppression of blast, reduction by 77.93% (LBS) and 62.37% (PBS); reduction of AUDPC: 77.3% (LBS) and 60.6% (PBS); increased nutrient absorption: phosphorus (45%); potassium (21%); iron (94%); manganese (50%); zinc (10%). Improvement in plant growth: height increased by 10%; number of tillers by 19%; number of panicles by 43%; aerial biomass increased by 49%; reduction of panicle sterility by 49%; productivity increased by 72% in E2 (2435.72 kg/ha) compared to the control. Therefore, based on the results of the studies, we can conclude that rhizobacteria and silicon can be integrated into the management of blast and upland rice productivity.
Isolamento, caracterização e aplicação da fração proteica de grão-de-bico (Cicer arietinum L.) extraída por método alcalino assistido por ultrassom
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-04-04) Prado, Priscylla Martins Carrijo; Caliari, Márcio; Soares Júnior, Manoel Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0920319108540253; Soares Júnior, Manoel Soares; Cavalcante, Rodrigo Barbosa Monteiro; Oliveira, Aryane Ribeiro; Mársico, Eliane Teixeira; Santos, Elaine Alves dos
The objective of this research was to test the alkaline method followed by isoelectric precipitation in the extraction of protein from whole chickpea flour, aiming to optimize processing time and improve the technological properties of protein extracts, as well as to characterize and apply these extracts in vegetable burgers. For protein extraction, a BoxBehnken design was used, varying the solid-to-liquid ratio (1:05; 1:10; 1:15), pH (7.0; 9.5; and 12.0), and sonication time (10; 25; and 40 min) at three levels, totaling 15 assays, plus three repetitions at the central point. The most desirable experiment (ED - solid-to-liquid ratio 1:12.5 g mL-1, pH 9.5, and 40 min time) was compared to the extract from the control experiment (EC) and three other experimental conditions evaluated for their technological, chemical, physicochemical, and morphological properties. Subsequently, vegan burgers were formulated with different plant sources for comparison of technological, chemical, and textural properties with a commercial one in a first assay. Then, ED was used in the formulations of vegan burgers at different levels of substitution of whole chickpea flour by chickpea protein extract, generating a second assay, which also compared the use of two natural dyes (açaí and beetroot). The alkaline extraction method assisted by ultrasound did not increase yield but reduced extraction time and improved functional properties, indicating that the extracted protein fraction has potential for use in the development of new food products. In the burger assay, there was an increase of about 24% in yield and moisture retention, and up to 72% in oil retention when comparing burgers from different plant sources to the commercial one, although the latter stood out in protein and fiber composition, providing texture quality. In the assay with the addition of protein extract, there was an increase of up to 2% in yield and about 52% in oil retention. However, natural dyes contributed to increasing fiber content by up to 11%, surpassing that of the commercial one. Further studies with different extraction conditions can be conducted to try to improve the properties of chickpea protein extracts, and enrichment with higher percentages of chickpea protein or combination with other protein extracts can be tested to increase the protein content of vegetable burgers. However, the extracts are viable alternatives for application in food, as the formulations produced in this research indicate a good alternative for those seeking plant-based products.
Sensor multiespectral embarcado em sistema de aeronave remotamente pilotada para manejo de nitrogênio em milho e feijão-comum
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-03-21) Silva, Diogo Castilho; Ferreira , Manuel Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4498594723433539; Carvalho , Maria da Conceição Santana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0717306636933723; Madari, Beata Emoke; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0302689027695014; Madari, Beata Emoke; Ferreira , Manuel Eduardo; Carvalho, Maria da Conceição Santana; Moreira , Alisson Neves Harmyans; Ruiz, Luis Fernando Chimelo
This comprehensive study aims to advance the field of rapid phenotyping by leveraging unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and multispectral imagery to enhance the assessment of critical plant traits, with a particular focus on nitrogen content and yield optimization. Building upon a systematic review of 41 peer-reviewed papers from 13 countries, on the first chapter, we synthesized existing knowledge on the association between vegetation indices (VIs) and plant traits across different growth stages of 11 major crop species. Drawing insights from experiments conducted over two consecutive years, we investigated the correlation between VIs, leaf nitrogen content (LNC), and yield at key growth stages of corn and common bean. The second chapter examined the efficacy of VIs such as Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (GNDVI), Green to Near–Infrared Band Ratio (GN) and Transformed Chlorophyll Absorption in Reflectance Index (TCARI) in predicting nitrogen rates and grain yield in corn at V6, V11, and R1 stages. The third chapter focused on common bean growth, integrating selected VIs with texture data derived from UAV-based multispectral images to accurately estimate LNC across critical growth stages (V4, R5, and R7). Notably, the Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (GNDVI) and Modified Chlorophyll Absorption in Reflectance Index (MCARI) emerged as robust predictors of LNC, with the addition of texture metrics enhancing accuracy, especially when combined with machine learning models like random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM). Our findings underscore the potential of UAV-based multispectral imagery coupled with advanced analytical techniques to revolutionize phenotyping efforts, facilitating more precise monitoring of key plant traits and optimizing crop management strategies for better use of inputs and maintenance of yield over time.
Eficiência agronômica de potencial remineralizador dkx na cultura de milho silagem
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-02-28) Teles, Thiago Augusto Sampaio; Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7324619074753727; Cunha, Marcos Gomes da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2006008625763742; Cunha, Marcos Gomes da; Cardoso, Aline Assis; Belo , Emiliane dos Santos; Santos, Tássia Tuane Moreira dos; Leandro, Wilson Mozena
Embargada
Baru: alporquia, potencial fisiológico e terapia fotodinâmica em sementes
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2025-01-20) Torres, Géssica Xavier; Souza, Eli Regina Barboza de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7641431808466123; Souza, Eli Regina Barboza de; Vieira, Muza do Carmo; Souza, Jaqueline Lima da Conceição; Araújo, Ruth de Abreu; Calil, Francine Neves
Embargado.

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