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Item Ácido guanidinoacético em dieta pré-inicial para frangos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-03-28) Borges, Kamilla Martins; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; Rocha, Fernanda Rodrigues Taveira; Leandro, Nadja Susana MogycaCreatine is a substance that provides temporary energy. Guanidinoacetic acid (AGA) is a natural precursor of creatine, and can be added to feeds. The AGA provided acts as an energetic substrate with lower protein degradation with amino acid shift for gluconeogenesis, improving the initial performance of the birds. To evaluate the AGA in broiler chicken diet, an experiment was carried out using rations formulated for the pre-initial phase. Treatments consisted of a basal diet without AGA and rations with 0.10 and 0.20% AGA. A total of 252 male cutting chicks, distributed in a completely randomized design (DIC), with seven replicates and 12 birds per experimental unit were used. Feed consumption, weight gain and feed conversion were evaluated at seven, 14 and 21 days of age. Six days later, blood samples were collected for the determination of creatinine, creatine kinase (CK) and glucose and two metabolism tests were performed one at three and the other at 17 days of age. Data were submitted to analysis of variance ANOVA and the means were compared by the Tukey test. In the period of 1 to 7 days, an improvement in the feed conversion of animals receiving 0.20% AGA was observed. In the period from 7 to 14 days there was improvement in feed conversion and tending to improve the weight gain of the animals that received 0.20% AGA. There was no cumulative effect of AGA use on experimental rations fed to broiler chickens from 1 to 7 days of age on performance up to 21 days of age. Blood creatinine values at six days of life did not show significant differences. Animals that received 0.20% AGA presented higher CK blood concentration than the other treatments. The blood glucose concentration did not present statistical differences between treatments. The crude protein metabolism coefficient (CMPB) was increased within 3 to 7 days for animals receiving 0.20% AGA in the diet. There was no difference between treatments in the period from 17 to 21 days for the metabolization coefficient. The animals' intestinal weight and length did not show differences between treatments. Levels of 0.10 and 0.20% of AGA in the pre-starter diet improves weight gain and feed conversion over the period from 1 to 14 days of age in broilers.Item Ácido guanidinoacético para leitões(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-15) Teixeira, Karla Andrade; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; Carvalho, Thony de Assis; Campos, Melissa Selaysin DiIn the search for improved animal performance, has been testing new substances and new products to be used as additives in feed. Creatine and their precursors are examples of such compounds used for improvement of animal productivity. The guanidinoacetic acid is a natural precursor of creatine that has been studied in order to verify their effects on animal performance. With the objective of verify whether supplementation of guanidinoacetic acid in diets could help save the arginine used for the synthesis of creatine, which can be diverted to protein synthesis, growth and development of the animal. 90 piglets weaned at 21 days of age were used. The animals were distributed in a randomized block design based on the initial weight of the animals, with five treatments (0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20% of inclusion of guanidinoacetic acid) six replicates and three animals per experimental unit. The experimental diets and water were fed ad libitum in the pre-initial I phase (21 -32 days old) and pre-initial II (33-42 days old), and the initial phase (43-63 days old). At 42 and 63 days old blood was collected from an animal for experimental unit to analyze creatinine and creatine kinase. They were analyzed daily weight gain, daily feed intake and feed conversion in phases pre-initial (21-42 days old), initial (43-63 days old) and the total duration of the experiment (21-63 days old). All variables were subjected to analysis of variance and regression analysis. It was adopted α = 0.05 and considered trend between α 0,05 and 0,10. In the pre-initial phase (21-42 days), there was a tendency to parameter gain weight daily (P= 0,069), however daily feed intake and feed conversion were not affected significantly by the addition of different levels of guanidinoacetic acid in the diet. As for the blood variables, creatinine levels both at 42 as at 63 days were not significantly affected. For creatine kinase levels at 42 days there was a tendency (P = 0.077), but after 63 days there were significant influences. In the initial phase (43-63 days) and total experimental period (21-63 days) were no significant effects of the inclusion of guanidinoacetic acid, both for performance variables as for creatinine and creatine kinase.Item Aditivos fitogênicos e ionóforos na degradabilidade da fibra e parâmetro metabólicos em bovinos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-01) Almeida, Jean Sardinha de; Ferreira, Reginaldo Nassar; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787019Y5; Padua, João Teodoro; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4721189P8; Pádua, João Teodoro; Taveira, Rodrigo Zaiden; Miyagi, Eliane SayuriThe objective this paper was evaluate the inlcusion of crude extract of Croton urucurana Baillon or composed of essential oil of cashew and castorbean oil or monensin on the degradability of dry matter and fiber in vitro and dry matter in situ and fermentation ruminal metabolic parameters in beef cattle. The experiment was conducted in the Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB) and the School of Veterinary and Animal Science of the Federal University of Goiás – GO, from August 2015 until January 2016. There were four treatments through in vitro technique: control, monensin, Croton urucurana Baillon, biophytus (functional oil composed of cashew and castorbean), with five repetitions. Were evaluated the parameters of degradability of dry matter. Metabolic analysis and in situ was through four animals distributed in a Latin square, were measured glucose, urea, urea nitrogen in the blood, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, albumin, total bilirubin and factions, creatinine, Total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, triglyceride and lactate dehydrogenase. Ruminal parameters were determined by protozoa count, ammonia nitrogen, pH, short chain fatty acids, bacterial reductive activity. The experimental design was completely at random. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. The treatments did not increase the IVDMD (P> 0.05). There was no significant effect (P> 0.05) of the treatments on in vitro degradation parameters of DM and NDF in all evaluated times. For MS degradability in situ parameters, there was a significant effect (P <0.05) between treatments for soluble and effective degradation fraction with 2% by pass rate. The DM intake, had significant difference (P <0.05) between treatments, with lower consumption for monensin with admission was independent of diet type, either directly via the rumen cannula, it can be show that the lower consumption of diet with monensin supplementation is not by means of sensory but physiological and metabolic mechanisms. There was no significant effect (P> 0.05) for pH between treatments, but the collections after feeding was significant (P <0.05) monensin treatment, occurring up before feeding up two hours. Acetic acid levels were significant (P <0.05) for the hours of collection. The levels of butyric acid was affected by treatments (P <0.05) and not the hours of collection (P> 0.05). The concentrations of AST, GGT, LDH FA and was not affected by treatments (P> 0.05). The inclusion of essential oils, Croton urucurana Baillon and monensin in beef cattle diets hay base has not improved the evaluated parameters. The effective degradability of dry matter had better results with the inclusion of functional oils composed cashews and castorbeans. The intake was influenced by monensin and functional oil in addition the fuction of the two are similar, can be used one over the other.Item Avaliação da inclusão de aditivo simbiótico em dietas de frangos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-03-05) Faria, Itallo da Silva; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4936451314440305; Melo, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Santos, Bruno Moreira dos; Costa, Miliane Alves da; Stringhini, José HenriqueThis study aimed to assess the symbiotic inclusion (lysine, methionine, calcium, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus acidophilus, glucomannans, and mannooligosaccharides) in broilers diet and to evaluate the possible effects on the inclusion on zootechnic indexes, cuts and carcass yields, blood parameters, and broilers intestinal health. 512 animals were distributed in a completely randomized design, in of four treatments (Treatment 1 - Performance enhancer, Treatment. 2 - Symbiotic, Treatment 3 - Growth promoter + symbiotic, Treatment 4 - without addition of enhancer additive), eight replications consisting of 16 birds per experimental unit. During the experiment, zootechnic performances such as weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, and mortality were evaluated in each rearing phase (seven, 21, 35, and 42 days). Withing seven days, poultry fed with growth promoter and growth promoter + symbiotic exhibit higher final weight gain, weight gain, and feed consumption. At 21 days of age, there was higher weight gain and feed consumption with growth promoter and growth promoter + symbiotic. At 35 days of age, it was observed higher feed consumption with growth promoter and growth promoter + symbiotic. At 42 days of age, there were no statistic differences among the treatments for the performance variables. Significant differences were only found to leg quarter yield in poultry fed with symbiotic. On the 21st day, it was observed a higher concentration of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase, and Triglyceride on the animal’s hematological profile that were fed with growth promoter and symbiotic. On the 42nd day, significant differences were observed regarding to uric acid to the poultry fed with growth promoter and symbiotic, which showed lower values to uric acid, broilers that received symbiotic + performance enhancer and or no enhancer additive in the diet had higher serum calcium concentration. There was significative difference to the ileum crypt only on the 21st day of histomorphometry assessment the birds that received the symbioticItem Avaliação de coprodutos ensilados da indústria do milho em dietas de vacas em lactação(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-12-16) Cardoso, Rogério Rezende; Lima, Milton Luiz Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7562710128026687; Zacaroni, Ozana de Fátima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4582215859105753; Zacaroni, Ozana de Fátima; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; Silva, Thiago Carvalho daFibrous co-products in the feeding of ruminants contribute to the mitigation of environmental impacts and decrease the consumption of animals of digestible products by humans. The objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of the conventional substitution concentrated (constituted in its base of corn and soy bran) by concentrate constituted by co-products of the corn industry in lactating cows ration on the consumption of dry matter (DMI), production of milk, milk components, selectivity behavior, digestibility, blood and ruminal parameters. The statistical design used was a 2x2 cross-over with two effects differentiated by the concentrated resource (conventional concentrate and concentrate consisting of corn by-products) in two 22-day experimental ones, with 14 days of adaptation for use and eight final days of data collection. Ten crossbred lactation cows (Holstein x Jerseys) were used, distributed five in each treatment and balanced in the orders according to the calving order, days in lactation and milk production. The data were analyzed by the PROC MIXED of the SAS, considering the statistical model of random effect by cow and fixed treatment effect and period at the level of significance P <0.05 and trend 0.05≤P≤0.10. The DMI and DMO were statistically higher (P=0.005 and P=0.008) for control group, while the NDF consumption did not differ statistically (P=0.76) and the consumption of physically effective fiber was statistically higher (P<0.0001) for treatment with co-products. The production of milk, protein, casein and lactose in milk in percentage and production per day were statistically higher (P<0.01) in treatment control, while the fat in kg/day did not differ statistically (P=0.35), the production of fat and urea nitrogen in milk was higher (P=0.001 and P=0.007) in the treatment with co-products. As the dry matter digestibilities, organic matter and NDF did not differ statistically (P>0.10) among the treatments and that have the highest (P=0.03) consumption of digestible organic matter in the control treatment. The animals with diet control in the 24h period select more (P=0.004) against 19 mm of treatment with co-products, while no sieve of the state of the 8 mm pen or the rejection index was lower than the 19 mm, however still the treatment control (P<0.0001) selects against 8 mm effects and the treatment with co-products does not show selection in this section, being the bottom of the sieve in both tests with selection in favor of the bottom of the sieve. An acetate: propionate ratio was higher (P=0.005) for treatment with by-products evaluated for the control treatment, with ammoniacal nitrogen in the rumen and urea nitrogen in the blood greater (P=0.003 and P<0.0001) for by-product concentrate. The control treatment animals with greater (P=0.01 and P=0.03) meal size and meal duration with smaller (P=0.05) number of meals compared to treatment with co-products. The results demonstrated are the necessary ruminal degradation studies of the mixture of corn by-products with the method of efficient use in the feeding of dairy cattle.Item Avaliação de fatores que afetam a qualidade de farinha de vísceras na indústria de subprodutos avícola(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-06-20) Fernandes, Eder de Sousa; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Oliveira, Guilherme Roberto de; Mascarenhas, Alessandra GimenezIn order to characterize the possible variations in the chemical composition of the viscera meal was carried out this work to study the possible variables that can cause variations and affect the final quality of poultry by products focusing on their use in the feed industry broilers. For this experiment was chosen a large commercial poultry abattoir processing viscera immediately after slaughter of birds in a processing plant poultry meal, unit is located in central Goiás state. The samples were collected and analyzed weekly for a period of twelve months between June 2014 and June 2015. in order to characterize the possible variations in the chemical composition of the viscera flour were studied the effect of temperature, pressure, humidity, weight and processing time and to assess the flours obtained the parameters were qualitative tests (acidity index, peroxide index and Eber test), the proximal evaluation (ether extract, crude protein, moisture, calcium and phosphorus), and this grading tests were performed, color texture and odor. For such an assessment adopted the statistical program R using the statistical method of Pearson correlations.Item Avaliação do efeito de variáveis produtivas na conversão alimentar de frangos de corte(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-03-27) Lupatini, Flaviana; Stringhini, Jose Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Café, Marcos Barcellos; França, José Maurício; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros deThe feed conversion is one of the more indexes monitored by poultry agroindustry, in order to keep their production costs within bounds economically viable. The present study was conducted in order to identify which variables productive have the greatest impact on feed conversion of broilers. Was used production data of poultry agroindustry in the central-west of Brazil. The field results were collected from January 2012 to September 2013, a total of 2,978 broilers flocks. The sample is composed of lots of commercial strains Cobb and Hubbard, not sexed. Was made analysis of variance with Tukey Test (P> 0.05), and analysis of variance in mixed model for the following qualitatives variables: year period, commercial strains, hatchery, incubator type, type of poultry house, homogeneity of flock weight at birth. The correlation and regression polynomial for the following quantitative variables: birth weight, weight to 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 days, weight slaughter, slaughter age, mortality, average daily gain and time interval between flocks on the field. Statistical analysis was made through the statistical program R. The sum of squares in the mixed model, the variables that presented the greatest impact on feed conversion were: period of the year with 39.90%, type of poultry house with 35.70% and lineage with 17.80%. Between quantitative variables that had a greater correlation with the feed conversion ratio is the average daily gain,-0.57 (P < 0.01). Each gram in average daily gain results in nine grams in feed conversion. Flocks that showed lower mortality rate, showed greater correlation between average daily gain and feed conversion. Thus, in the present study, the variables that presented the greatest impact on feed conversion were: average daily gain and period of the year.Item Avaliação do mercado de peixes ornamentais em Goiânia e região metropolitana(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-06-28) Araujo, Rafael Martins de; Oliveira, Kellen de Sousa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3336024339176888; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Mello, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/551096516635207; Paula, Fernanda Gomes de; Leite, Paulo Ricardo de Sá da Costa; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; Mello, Heloisa Helena de CarvalhoThe objective was to study the production chain of ornamental fish, addressing the retail and consumer trade in Goiânia and the metropolitan area. In general, the variables that characterize the production, trade, marketing chain and the rearing of ornamental fish were analyzed. Questionnaires applied online were used for aquarist practitioners, shopkeepers and producers, and responses were obtained from 82 individuals who fall into the category of aquarism practitioners, 25 shopkeepers and 32 producers. The relationships between the variables were analyzed by the chi-square test, considering 0.05 of significance. The results were compared and evaluated through the confidence interval and highlighted those who had interest within the ornamental fish market. Those individuals who responded as producers demonstrated that they started producing only by hobbie (51.4%) and, with demand growing, their production increased. Shopkeepers, mostly representing pet shops, agricultural shops and water shops have little control of water quality (62.5% of the stores), as well as the watercolor practitioners who, although they have knowledge about water quality (62.3% of the individuals), are few who make this type of evaluation (41.9%). Thus, it was found that, for the most part, the ornamental fish market of Goiânia and the metropolitan region do not actually perform the verification and control of water quality in their places of rearing or selling, either due to lack of knowledge or incentive.Item Avaliação estatística das variáveis relacionadas a qualidade de farelo de soja para frangos de corte(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-10-28) Jardim, Mihayr Morais; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Jardim Filho, Roberto de Moraes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6577684840261358; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Stringhini, José Henrique; Fortes, Bruno Duarte Alves; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Jardim Filho, Roberto de MoraesThe use of soybean meal for poultry presents restrictions due to the antinutritional factors when poorly processed. The objective of this work was to discuss a literature review on soybean meal quality and to evaluate the available database on soybean meal quality relating thermal processing with bromatological quality for poultry nutrition. The first chapter was about the effect of processing and quality of soybean meal, in chapter two and three were evaluated analysis database on wet chemistry and Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), respectively. For the composition of chapter two, the 283 samples were obtained from a chicken producer integrating company located in the state of Goiás. In the first stage, there was categorization of bran samples by KOH-soluble protein levels: below 75%, from 75%. 80%, 80% to 85%, 85% to 90%, and above 90%. After categorization, multivariate analyzes and ANOVA with Scott Knott test were performed to compare the means. Step two categorized the analysis results by level of urea activity, classifying the 283 samples into 5 categories: 0; 0.01; 0.011-0.05; 0.051-0.1 and above 0.1. Multivariate analyzes and ANOVA were performed with Scott Knott test to compare the means. The third chapter was made with database of bran analysis via NIRS and statistical analysis was performed with nonparametric tests for amino acid and bromatological values compared with urease levels read in NIRS. In step 1 the data differed significantly for solubility in KOH, indicative of urea activity and only 1 group of soluble protein differed from a mean percentage of crude protein (% CP). In experiment two, the groups of urea activity differed statistically for protein solubility in KOH, urea activity. For groups of 0; and 0.01 of urea activity differed from the average of crude fiber. In chapter 3, experiment with database obtained via NIRS, there was a difference between the humidity and the highest values of urea activity; for the aminogram, we found statistical differences with nonparametric tests for cystine, methionine + cystine; Arginine, Isoleucine, Glycerin, Serine and Proline.Item Avaliação nutricional da qualidade do milho para frangos de corte em Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-11-29) Batista , Lucas Ferreira; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Viana , Eduardo de Faria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7788105107050702; Stringhini , José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Café , Marcos Barcelos; Laboissière , MicheleThe objective of this study was to increase the knowledge about the nutritional composition of maize grains and correlate the main physical and chemical variables that contribute to the energetic values of maize grains used in broiler rations. For this, corn grains samples received by a commercial broiler feed factory located in southeastern Goias during the years 2012 to 20015 were analyzed. The parameters evaluated were divided into physical variables such as: Moisture content (%),% (Kg / m³), chemical variables such as:% Ethereal Extract,% Crude Protein,% Crude Fiber,% Crude Grain,% Crude Grain,% Crude Grain,% Crude Grain and the presence of mycotoxins (Aflatoxin and Fumonisin. In the present work, the values, mean, median, maximum and minimum values, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and normality tests and data distribution were described for each physical and chemical variable analyzed. Where there was no normal distribution of the results during the experimental period, revealing variation of these variables. Significant correlations (P <0.05) were found between the physical variables, Density and Humidity (-0.76), Infested Grains and Presence of Fumonisin (0.81); Moderate among the variables Crude Protein and Presence of Fumonisin (0.63) and% of Good Grains and Broken Grains (-0.70); (-0.15), Presence of Aflatoxins (0.28),% Good Grains (0.33) and% of Broken Grains (-0.41), among the variables Crude Protein and (-0.23), Presence of Aflatoxins and% of Humidity (-0,30) and Fumonisins (-0,27), between Presence of Aflatoxins and% of Humidity ( 0.30) and Specific Density (0.28) and the Presence of Fumonisins with Specific Density (0.43). A metabolism test was also carried out with 400 broilers, 14 days old, of the Cobb 500 male lineage, to verify the influence of the specific gravity of the corn kernels on the values of Apparent Metabolizable Energy (AME), Apparent Metabolizable Energy corrected by nitrogen balance (AMEn), in natural and dry matter, Apparent Metabolizable Coefficient of Crude Protein (AMC_CP), Ethereal Extract (AMC_EE), Calcium (AMC_CA), and Phosphorus (AMC_P) were evaluated. For this purpose, different samples of maize with specific densities of 740, 760, 780 and 800 kg / m³ were obtained in a commercial feed factory for broilers, located in southeast Goias. The different fractions of specific density of maize had different bromatological compositions, with variations mainly in the Gross Energy (2.28%), Crude Fiber (21.6%), Ethereal Extract (16%) and Percentage of Infested Grains. The treatments were significant (P <0.05), on the values of AME, AMEn, AMC_DM, AMC_EE, AMC_CA and AMC_P, but did not have trend curve proportional to the stipulated variations for the specific density, not determining which fraction of corn would be of better nutritional quality. What alerts us to analyze all the physical and chemical characteristics of the grains, besides the specific density, in order to determine the quality of the corn received in the feed factory for broiler chicken.Item Capacidade antioxidante de Scutellaria baicalensis para codornas japonesas na fase de postura(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-10) Pereira, Melody Martins Cavalcante; Mello, Heloísa Helena Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; Almeida, Vivian Vezzoni de; Santos, Bruno Moreira dosActive ingredients with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial functions, among others, obtained from plants have been increasingly studied in search of alternatives that can replace synthetic products that have such effects, used as additives in animal feed. Plants rich in flavonoids stand out in these research, such as the genus Scutellaria baicalensis which is a herb traditionally used in Chinese medicine, which is composed of different flavonoids. The benefits of extracting this species have been observed in many human and animal studies, and specifically for poultry there are studies on broilers and laying hens. However, there is little research using it for Japanese quail. The objective of this study was to evaluate the zootechnical performance, quality of eggs of Japanese quails, receiving additive containing Scutellaria baicalensis extract added to the feed, as well as its antioxidant activity and determination of total flavonoids. 384 42-day-old Japanese quails were used, distributed in four treatments (0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3% of the product containing Scutellaria in the diet) with six replications of 16 animals each. The design used was completely randomized (DIC). The experimental period was 126 days subdivided into four 21-day cycles. For egg quality analysis, variables such as: average egg weight (g), egg yolk, albumen and shell weight (g), shell thickness (mm), Haugh unit, yolk, albumen and shell index and percentage were evaluated. , specific gravity. The antioxidant activity of the product containing Scutellaria baicalensis was evaluated by FRAP, ABTS, DPPH methods and total flavonoids and total phenols were assayed. The collected data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test using the R computational package. The significance level of α = 0.05 was adopted. There were no statistically significant differences in egg performance and quality parameters, showing that the tested levels of the additive containing Scutellaria Baicalensis did not provide improvement or changes in these parameters for Japanese quails. The results of the five laboratory tests performed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the additive showed that it has antioxidant potential.Item Características bromatológicas e perfil fermentativo da silagem de milheto forrageiro (pennisetun glaucum) aditivado com casca de soja(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-10-13) Silva, Renan Sousa da; Rosa, Beneval; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783900J0; Miyagi, Eliane Sayuri; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4761394J4; Miyagi, Eliane Sayuri; Eichler, Verner; França, Aldi Fernandes de SouzaThe ensiling process is a much used alternative in animal husbandry systems, consisting in the preservation of moist forage, fresh-cut or pre-dried, with high nutritional value, to be administered in times of food shortages. Brazil is characterized by a strong seasonality and basically has two distinct seasons in some regions of the country, one high and one low rainfall. The tropical grasses used in Brazilian pastures lose their quality and produce less in times of drought and low temperatures. All these factors justify the use of silage technique. The objective of this study is to evaluate four different levels of inclusion of soybean hulls in millet forage silage in order to determine the nutritional increments that it provided, in addition to analyzing the fermentation process associated losses of the silage process. The bromotalógica composition was positively affected by the inclusion of soybean hulls, with .lineares increases in DM and CP levels. The NDF also an increase in the levels. The inclusion of soybean hulls in silage millet reduced losses by gases and effluents, keeping stable the recovery of dry matter. The ammonia levels were reduced with the addition of the additive. Soy hulls did not affect the lactic acid content, acetic and butyric within acceptable Nives no statistical difference. The work also revealed a slight decrease in propionic acid. The titratable acidity and pH levels of silage did not differ. Palavras Chaves:Item Características de estro pós-parto associadas às chances de prenhez de vacas holandesas em lactação(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-03) Frota, Wilson Vagner Vilas Boas; Alves, Benner Geraldo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2502439704413583; Gambarini, Maria Lúcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4440003524956701; Gambarini, Maria Lúcia; Lopes, Dyomar Toledo; Carmo, Adriana Santana doThe detection of estrus remains a major problem in dairy cattle, despite the enormous progress in the knowledge of the reproductive physiology of the cow and in the development of auxiliary methods. The success of any estrus detection program will depend, at least in part, on the cows' ability to exhibit estrus, which is affected by a multitude of physiological and management factors that favor or suppress estrus behavior. Parity, number of days postpartum, body condition score, milk production, calving problems, postpartum disease is recognized for influencing estrus expression. In addition, heat stress, building and the size of the herd can also affect estrus behavior. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with estrus behavior, identified by an automated estrus detection system. Data from three experiments carried out between August 2015 and July 2018, in the state of Florida, United States of America, were collected and processed. The number of animals that participated in the experiments A, B and C was 565, 671 and 678, totaling 1914 lactation cows and 3029 estrus events. The animals enrolled in the experiments were monitored by an automated estrus detection device (SCR Inc., Netanya, Israel). Estrus was determined according to changes in activity and rumination patterns within the two-hour interval compared to the average activity and rumination for the same period in the previous five and seven days, respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, logistic regression and Cox proportional regression using the SAS statistical software. The duration and intensity of estrus showed a negative correlation with the proportion of time cows were subjected to heat stress. The return to ovarian cyclicity before the end of the voluntary waiting period increased the chances of pregnancy at the first service and the pregnancy for artificial insemination up to 150 DIM. Uterine disease, subclinical ketosis and BCS were associated with delayed return to cyclicity, potentially negatively impacting reproductive performance.Item Características tricológicas e fisiológicas de bovinos da raça nelore submetidos a diferentes graus de sombreamento no cerrado brasileiro(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-08-26) Costa, Allan Rodrigues da; Alves, Fabiana Villa; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4765665P3; Pádua, João Teodoro; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4721189P8; Páadua, Joãao Teodoro; Ribeiro, Jeferson Corrêa; Oliveira, Eliandra Maria BianchiniThis study aimed to evaluate the morphological and physiological characteristics related to thermoregulatory heifers kept in different conditions of shading in the Brazilian cerrado. The research was conducted at Embrapa Beef Cattle in Campo Grande-MS. 16 heifers reared in forest crop livestock integration system (ILPF) and livestock farming (ILP) divided into four paddocks each, the experimental unit picket with two animals were used. The experiment was carried out in three periods (December, January and February) and the experimental design was completely randomized, and the plots were composed by systems (ILP and ILPF) in three collections (December, January and February). The Morphophysiological parameters were coloration of the (CPM) and skin (CPL), the number of hairs per unit area (NP), medium density by (DM), average diameter of hairs (SD) Average hair length ( CP). The pigmentation of the hair coat of heifers showed statistical significance to the ILP and ILPF systems. To characterize the environment, they were collected dry bulb temperature, black globe temperature, dew point temperature, wind speed and relative humidity, the sun and the shade, to determine the following thermal comfort indexes: index temperature and humidity, globe temperature and humidity index, and radiation heat load. The ILP and ILPF systems had environmental conditions that indicate situation of moderate stress the critical and features skin and hair coat of heifers reared in ILP and ILPF systems showed no differences (P 0.05)Item Cinética da degradabilidade “in situ” da silagem do capim-mombaça com inclusão de farelo de algodão(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-08-18) Merma, Gustavo Chunca; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0724478254270327; Padua, João Teodoro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0308044304591375; Padua, João Teodoro; Ferreira, Reginaldo Nassar; Miyagi, Eliane SayuriEvaluated degradability kinetic of grass mombasa silage with inclusion levels of cottonseed meal. The treatments were constituted by four CM inclusion levels (0%, 10%, 15%, 20%). The average levels of dry matter in grass mombasa silages differed depending on cottonseed meal levels, ranging from 22.69 to 31.93. The levels of crude protein ranged from 12.51 to 22.45, and significant differences were observed at the same time promoting a reduction in the levels of insoluble fiber and neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent insoluble, thus keeping within the recommended standards, especially the 20% of CM with the highest level and lower losses by gases and effluents. The levels of hydrogenic potential (pH) ranged from 4.88 to 5.17. The nitrogen ammonia content (N-NH3), were within acceptable parameters with 1.30% to 2.59%. The average levels of soluble carbohydrates ranged from 4.60% to 8.90%, with no significant difference between the 10% and 15% levels of CM (P>0.05). The levels of lactic acid, acetic, propionic and butyric ranged from 0.2682 to 1.482; from 0.1759 to 0.3216; 0.011 to 0.0241 and from 0.0012 to 0.00162 respectively, and showed statistical difference (P>0.05) between the levels of cottonseed meal. The “in situ” dry matter degradability (DM) and crude protein (CP), neutral detergent insoluble fiber (NDIF), insoluble acid detergent fiber (IADF), were significantly influenced by the levels of inclusion of cottonseed meal (P<0.05), and highlighted the inclusion level of 20% of cottonseed meal that showed significant levels of disappearance in DM, CP, NDIF And IADF, showing that the acceptable level of cottonseed meal as addition to grass mombasa.Item Complexos enzimáticos em rações para frangos de corte(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-17) Santos Neto, Lindolfo Dorcino dos; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4936451314440305; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Café, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Laboissière, Michele; Leandro, Nadja Susana MogycaThe objective of study was to evaluate the combination of different enzyme complexes on animal performance, digestibility nutrient based on corn and soybean meal and on the biochemical characteristics of these complexes. The first experiment was used randomized design with 7 treatments and 6 replicates, 30 birds per repetition, a total of 1,260 birds a day old. The treatments were treatment 1: Basal diet; Treatment 2: Basal diet with addition of complex A (phytase, protease, xylanase, beta-glucanase, cellulase, amylase, pectinase) + B complex (protease and cellulase); Treatment 3: Basal diet with addition of complex A + complex B + enzyme (α-galactosidase); Treatment 4: Basal diet with addition of complex A + α-galactosidase; Treatment 5: Basal diet with addition of complex C (xylanase, amylase, protease) + Phytase B and α-galactosidase; Treatment 6: Basal diet with addition of complex C + Phytase C + α-galactosidase; Treatment 7: Basal diet with addition of complex C + Phytase D + α-galactosidase. The performance characteristics and carcass yield and statistical analysis were evaluated with the R software using the Tukey test at 5% probability. The treatments 3 and 5 improvement in the average final weight, weight gain and feed conversion (p <0.05) at seven days of age and the average final weight and gain weight at 14 days of age. There were no significant differences (p> 0.05) in the other stages between the groups and the carcass yield and cuts made in two birds from each experimental unit at 42 days old.The second experiment used 112 birds with 25 days of age, being held the total collection of excreta from 28 to 32 days old. It used the same treatments in the first experiment. Nitrogen analysis was performed, ether extract, crude energy and dry matter. From these data was performed to analyze statistically the R software using the Tukey test at 5% probability. No significant differences were observed (p> 0.05) for the CMMS, CMN, EMAn, BN with the inclusion of enzyme complexes, as for CMEE significant differences (p <0.05), demonstrating the treatments 2 and 4 with greater efficiency in metabolizing ether extract. The third experiment analyzed the samples of each product used in In Vivo experiments were carried out a number of enzymatic assays. These data was performed to analyze statistically the R software using the Tukey test at 5% probability. There were statistically significant differences (p <0.05) for the total protein assay, reducing sugar and β-1,3-glucanase assays, xylanase, CMCase, FPase, amylase, pectinase, acid phosphatase and protease. The complexes A, B, C and the enzyme α – gal shown in most of these assays described the specific and higher enzymatic activity, these results that can be related to the performance results found in the 1 at 7 and 1 at 14 days.Item Comportamento e bem-estar de reprodutoras suínas em duas idades gestacionais alojadas em sistema de gestação coletiva(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-13) Silvestre, Priscilla Neves; Carmo, Adriana Santana do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782572407995106; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Stringhini, José Henrique; Nunes, Romão da Cunha; Suguimoto, Carla DanielaIn order to evaluate the animal welfare and behavior of pregnant swine breeders in collective gestation systems, its consequences on the performance of the maternity and the effects on the behavior and welfare of the animals was developed in this study. Behavior assessments were carried out in a commercial farm, located in the municipality of Ipameri -GO during the months of May to July 2019. For this purpose, thirty pregnant sows of the same commercial lineage and with gestational period of 70-80 days and 100-110 days were observed. The sows were housed in a collective system in groups of 10 females per pens. During the observational period and in the morning and afternoon, behavior data were collected through photos, videos and ethograms, environmental data collected through a datalogger that stored information with an interval of 30 minutes and located inside the shed, in addition to thermographic images and respiratory frequency. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. It was observed that in the morning the sows remained more time feeding and moving, while in the afternoon the leisure behavior was predominant. There was also the effect of the gestational period on the behavior of the females, who at the end of gestation expressed a calmer behavior when compared to the period of 70 to 80 days, as well as the effect of the environmental and thermographic variables that demonstrated the effect of bioclimatology under the pregnant sows behaviors. Ambient temperature and gestational age interfere with the behavior of the sows housed in the collective management system.Item Comportamento preferencial de leitões na fase de creche em ambiente enriquecido(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-09) Leal, Guilherme Brunno de Medeiros; Di Campos, Melissa Selaysim; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1636247556914689; Nunes, Romão da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4335133347523404; Di Campos, Melissa Selaysim; Silva, Ana Carolina de Sousa; Taveira, Rodrigo ZaidenThe welfare's absence in animal breeding has a direct impact on food production, affecting internal trade and especially exports. Environmental enrichment is the improvement of facilities in order to make the environment more appropriate to behavioral needs. Inserting objects in the environment such as, tires, chains, ropes, plastic bottles, wood or plastic bars are the most common types of environmental enrichment. However, only few tests have been made on swine's preference by the types of objects available to enrich its environment. It was aimed to evaluate the preferred behavior, as well as, animal performance (daily feed intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion) and lesion rates in pigs in the nursery stage using different types of objects (tire and metal chain), and scenarios (suspended, embedded in the wall, fixed on the floor). The experiment was performed in a commercial farm from July 30 to September 21, 2015. The animals were housed in collective cages, partially slatted floor, equipped with semi-automatic feeders and nipple drinkers. Every room with eight cages 113,02 ft² each, which makes a 2712,51 ft² experimental area. 696 pigs were used in Choice Genetics® breed, with an average age of 21 days, average weight of 12,34 pounds, divided between males and females. The pigs were divided into the treatment groups of 29 animals. The experimental design was a randomized block, with four different presentation scenarios of objects (control = without enriching object; T + C suspended = tire + suspended metal chain; T + C wall = tire and embedded metal chain on the wall; T + C floor = tire and fixed metal chain on the floor), repeated six times in a row. Camcorders were used for filming and subsequent evaluation of the behavior recorded every 10 minutes during 11 hours per day (7 a.m. to 6 p.m.), once in a week, 41 days. In the treatments with environmental enrichment, there were differences in the interaction with enriching objects (P <0.05). Regarding the presentation and the type of object, the animals preferred the suspended position and metal chain, respectively. The animal performance factors (daily feed intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion), and lesion rates, were not influenced by environmental enrichment.Item Controle da sodomia em bovinos machos inteiros confinados com uso de medicamento homeopático(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-04-10) Lopes, Sydney Goncalves; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Di Campos, Melissa Selaysim; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1636247556914689; Di Campos, Melissa Selaysim; Taveira, Rodrigo Zaiden; Nunes, Romão da CunhaThe amount of beef cattle finishing in feedlot or semi-feedlot is higher in the off season, and when the animals are closed together the incidence of buller-steer syndrome increases. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of the homeopathic medicine with Pulsatilla nigricans, Urtica urens, Estrogen and Hypothalamus on homosexual, social and basic behaviors and performance of Nellore bulls finished in feedlot system. 100 crossbred bulls Nellore with 25 months age an average was selected. Behavioral results were submitted to variance analysis (ANOVA) in random design blocks with repeated measure at the time, evaluating treatment effects and times of day, and the blocks were four repetitions of the four evaluated weeks. As for performance, the animals were distributed in completely randomized design in two treatments: T1 control treatment, without homeopathic medicine and T2: homeopathic treatment. Observations of basic, social and sexual behavior were made by a trained observer who recorded the group behavior based in etograma. Four observations were made in weekend, starting on Saturday afternoon and ending Sunday morning, with 2 hours duration per observation, at 1:30 pm, 5:30 pm, 5:30 and 9:00, and so a total of 8 hours per weekend, totaling 192 observational records during the trial period. The homeopathic medicine Bos Libido/Sodomia was mixed with kibble, 40 g/day/animal. Also, the performance was evaluated. Results showed no interaction (p < 0.05) between the use of homeopathic medicine and the day period for any observed behaviors. Animals of T2 spent 46.5% of the time lying down while the animals of T1 only 36.7%. Animals of T1 spent a lot of time with the display while the T2 saved energy. Sexual behavior variables of SOD, FUGMT and RF showed difference between treatments, and the occurrence average was 24.7 and 6.1 to SOD; 7.0 and 1.8 to FUGMT; and 13.1 and 4.8 to RF in T1 and T2, respectively. The homeopathic medicine reduced the buller-steer syndrome and improved agonistic and basic behavior. However, there was no significant difference in performance.Item Degradabilidade in situ de silagem de cultivares de milheto com inclusão de casca de soja(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-07-01) Lima, Mayra Lôbo de Vellasco; Eichler, Verner; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8631385299972581; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0724478254270327; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; Magalhães, Roberto Toledo de; Basto, Débora CarvalhoAvaliou-se a degradabilidade in situ da silagem de milheto (Penisetun glaucum (L.) R. Br.) cultivares ADR500, BRS1501 e ADR8010 com a inclusão de diferentes níveis de casca de soja (0%, 3%,6% e 10%). Foram utilizadas três vacas mestiças Holandês x Zebu, fistuladas no rúmen, com peso corporal aproximado de 450kg. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de parcelas subdivididas em arranjo fatorial 3 x 4, com três repetições, totalizando 36unidades experimentais. Os tempos de incubação foram em ordem decrescente de 144, 72, 48, 24, 12, 0h. O tempo zero foi utilizado para o cálculo da solubilidade das forrageiras. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos a análise de variância e a comparação de médias realizada pelo teste de Tukey à 5% de probabilidade e à regressão polinomial para avaliação dos efeitos dos níveis de casca de soja. Por meio da técnica in situ, é possível estimar parâmetros relacionados à cinética da degradação de um alimento e de suas frações, em função de períodos de incubação no rúmen. Para efeito isolado de cultivar, não foi observado (P>0,05) para os parâmetros de degrabilidade ruminal da (MS). Não foi observado efeito de interação (P>0,05) para entre as cultivares e os níveis de inclusão de casca de soja para a matéria seca (MS) nas frações “a” e “b”, taxa de degradação (TD), degradabilidade efetiva (DE) nas taxas de passagens 2, 5 e 8%, fração indegradável (FI) e degradabilidade potencial (DP). Houve efeito significativo (P<0,05) entre os níveis de inclusão de casca de soja para a fração “b” (fração potencialmente degradável), TD, DE nas taxas de passagens 2 e 5%, FI e DP (%), foram realizadas equações de regressão, para análise dos efeitos isolados de níveis. Para a matéria orgânica (MO), não foram observadas nenhuma interação (P<0,05) para os parâmetros de degradabilidade in situ analisados. Entre as cultivares, foram observadas diferenças significativas (P<0,05) para a fração “b”, onde a cultivar BRS1501 apresentou maior valor quando comparada as demais cultivares. Para efeito de níveis, foram observadas diferenças significativas (P<0,05) para a fração “b”, TD, DE na taxa de passagem a 8%, FI e DP(%). Para a análise da degradabilidade in situ da proteína bruta (PB), foram observadas interações entre as cultivares e os níveis de inclusão de casca de soja para a fração “b”, onde a 3, 6 e 10% de inclusão de casca de soja a cultivar ADR500 apresentou menor degradabilidade para a degradabilidade efetiva a 2%. Diferenças significativas (P<0,05) foram observadas nos quatro níveis de inclusão de casca de soja para a DE onde a cultivar ADR500 apresentou menores valores enquanto a ADR8010, apresentou valores de degradabilidade efetiva a 5%; as três cultivares de milheto apresentaram maior degradabilidade no nível de inclusão a 6% de casca de soja. Para a degradabilidade potencial (DP), a cultivar ADR8010 apresentou maior no nível de inclusão a 6%, observa-se também que quando a inclusão de casca de soja é aumentada para o nível de inclusão a 10%, a DP é reduzida nas três cultivares.