Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia da Relação Parasito-Hospedeiro

URI Permanente desta comunidade

http://200.137.215.59/tede/handle/tde/213

Navegar

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 97

Ação da curcumina e morina em leveduras do Complexo Cryptococcus neoformans
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-05-12) Freitas, Vivianny Aparecida Queiroz; Fernandes, Orionalda de Fátima Lisboa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9826992750728262; Fernandes, Orionalda de Fátima Lisboa; Souza, Lucia Kioko Hasimoto e; Melhem, Márcia de Souza Carvalho
Cryptococcosis is a fungal disease caused by yeasts belonging to the complex Cryptococus neoformans. The antifungal arsenal available for the treatment of this disease is still restricted and is related to the high toxicity and side effects of some drugs, causing great harm to the patients. In this context, it is necessary to discover new bioactives to quell the infections and reduce the adverse effects. The plants have rich source of secondary bioactive metabolites such as tannins, terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids and other compounds, registered with expressive antimicrobial properties. Therefore, the research of natural compounds and derivatives of natural products has been relevant in recent years, due to their relevance in the discovery of new drugs, in addition to which the association of drugs or compounds with different mechanisms of action has been used as an alternative in conventional therapy. We evaluated the mechanisms of action and antifungal effect of natural compounds, curcumin and morin, on Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii isolates. The antifungal activity was determined across the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicide (MFC). Polyphenols showed MICs ranging from 2 to 256 μg/mL. The compounds showed a synergistic interaction in 30% (6/20) and 15% (3/20) of the isolates when dealing with morin and curcumin, respectively, associated with fluconazole. In the interaction with amphotericin B morin presented synergism in 70% (14/20) of the isolates. Both compounds did not exhibit antagonism in any of the combinations. Changes in fungal cell morphology were observed, and in contact with red blood cells, presented low toxicity. The mechanisms of action revealed that both polyphenols act on the membrane of the fungal cell, inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol and causing damage to it. These results demonstrate the potential of the compounds as natural bioactives, with great impact on the discovery of new drugs and their efficacy to be used in the treatment of fungal infections.
Adenovírus em amostras fecais e do trato respiratório de crianças atendidas em um hospital de Goiânia, Goiás
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-12-05) Paz , Thainara Calixto da; Souza , Menira Borges de Lima Dias e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0054562567103606; Souza , Menira Borges de Lima Dias e; Fiaccadori , Fabíola Souza; Freitas , Érika Regina Leal de
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) may cause several clinical syndromes, and are a major cause of respiratory and acute gastroenteritis (AGE), especially among children. However, data on viral load, in more than one type clinical sample obtained from the same child, are still scarce. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the frequency of the HAdV, to determine the load viral in clinical samples, and to proceed molecular characterization of positive samples from children up to five years of age in association with symptomatology. For this, 200 children attended at Hospital Materno Infantil in Goiânia, Goiás; between March 2014 ad July 2015. One fecal and one nasopharyngeal swab sample was obtained from each child. The clinical samples (fecal and nasopharyngeal swabs) were submitted the DNA extraction by a commercial kit (Qiagen-Hilden, Alemanha), and screened by RT-qPCR (TaqMan) assay, with specific primers and probe targeting the hexon region of HAdV genome. The global frequency of HAdVs was 21% (42/200). Positivity in swabs was 9.5% (19/200), and in fecal samples 16% (32/200). Among the symptomatic children (n=129), 21% were positive in fecal samples (22/105) and 9.2% (10/108) in swab samples. Futhermore, 4.5% (9/200) were positive in both clinical samples. High viral loads were observed in both fecal and nasopharyngeal swab samples from symptomatic and asymptomatic children, and major positivity was found in symptomatic children with high load viral. High viral loads were observed in samples from symptomatic and asymptomatic children. Major positivity and load viral was found betwenn symptomatic children. HAdV types 3 of species B and 41 of HadV F species were detected. We hope that the data obtained can help in a better understanding of the pathogenesis of HAdV in children.
Análise bioquímica da niclosamida no metabolismo de cisticercos de Taenia crassiceps
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-03-09) Costa, Marco Vítor Silva de Melo; Costa, Tatiane Luiza da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8219041935358486; Vinaud, Marina Clare; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1921551651088660; Vinaud, Marina Clare; Silva, Luciana Damacena; Bezerra, José Clecildo Barreto
Experimental studies with Taenia crassiceps have been used to demonstrate its metabolic alterations in biochemical pathways (energetic and respiratory) in response to the presence of drugs. The use of T. crassiceps as an experimental model offers conditions to reproduce the neurocysticercosis infection one of the most severe form of human cysticercosis. This study aimed the analysis of the in vitro influence of niclosamide, an antihelminthic drug, on the metabolism of carbohydrates and fatty acids of T. crassiceps cysticerci (ORF strain). 20 larval stage cysticerci were cultured into 5mL of RPMI (Gibco) supplemented culture media, in 6 well culture plates, exposed or not to niclosamide (1, 2, and 3 uM). The control groups were performed with cysticerci not exposed to the drug, exposed to ethanol in the concentration used to dissolve the drug. The cysticerci were cultured at 37ºC for 24 hours. After this period the cysticerci were removed from the culture medium and both were frozen with liquid nitrogen. Afterward, the samples were processed for the HPLC analysis. Accordingly to the mode of action of this drug, which is to interfere in the electrons chain transport, the succinate concentrations were altered in the secretion/excretion of this parasite. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that in the concentrations used, this drug caused little alteration in the metabolic pathways of the parasite.
Análise da diversidade genética e mutações no gene da integrase de isolados do HIV-1 de pacientes atendidos no município de Jataí/Goiás
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-04-11) Paula, Marcella Silva de; Cardoso, Ludimila Paula Vaz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5434857923089593; Feres, Valéria Christina de Rezende; Fiaccadori, Fabíola Souza; Cardoso, Ludimila Paula Vaz
INI have been available in Brazil since 2009, when the first INI, Raltegravir, became available for therapy of rescue of HIV + patients in therapeutic failure. In the year 2017, a second INI was introduced into ART of patients newly diagnosed with HIV-1, Dolutegravir, which had a higher genetic barrier and a single daily dose, replaced Efavirenz in the first line of treatment. However, despite the efficiency of INI, the emergence of viral variants resistant to these drugs is inevitable. For this reason, it is necessary to monitor resistance mutations to INI, which may lead to therapeutic failure, aiming at optimizing the therapeutic regimen and controlling HIV infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of INI mutations and the resistance profile in HIV + / AIDS patients in the city of Jataí/Goiás. The complete IN gene was sequenced from samples from INI-naive patients. Resistance mutations were identified by the Stanford-HIV and IAS-USA database. Viral subtypes were identified by phylogenetic analysis. Among the 52 samples analyzed, no primary mutation was identified. Two accessory mutations (T97A / G163K) were identified and these induce a low level of INI resistance. In total, 152 polymorphisms were identified. The most prevalent subtype was subtype B. Therefore, these data demonstrate that the IN region is still highly conserved, encouraging the use of INI in HIV-1 therapy, and assist in the mapping of HIV-1 genetic diversity in the Southwest region of Goiás.
Análise da proliferação de amastigotas de Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis em macrófagos murinos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-09-30) Teixeira, Mirian Vieira; Oliveira, Milton Adriano Pelli de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2152513705182408; Oliveira, Milton Adriano Pelli de; Vinaud, Marina Clare; Afonso, Luís Carlos Crocco; Gomes, Clayson Moura; Baeza, Lilian Cristiane
Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis is the main species responsible for American tegumentary leishmaniasis in Brazil. However, the use of this parasite species to study Leishmania infection in a murine model has been less conducted when compared to other Leishmania species. Control of murine Leishmania infection has been associated with nitric oxide (NO) produced by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) from M1 macrophage, while arginase expressed by M2 macrophages is related to Leishmania proliferation. The aim of this study was to analyze the ability of L. (V.) braziliensis to proliferate within murine macrophages in vitro for a period of 9 days. Macropha-ges were derived from bone marrow precursors (BMDM) of wild-type mice and were cultured with IFN-γ and LPS, or IL-4, or BMDM iNOS knockout (iNOS KO), and nitric oxide production, arginase activity, and infection with L. (V.) braziliensis. The number of infected macrophages and parasite load were determined by light microscopy. Promastigotes of L. (V.) braziliensis parasites were inoculated (106) into the paw of wild-type and iNOS-deficient mice and lesion progression was measured weekly. Wild-type BMDM were observed to not support proliferation of amastigotes of L. (V.) braziliensis strains after day 3 infection, even within IL-4-treated ma-crophages or iNOS KO macrophages. Arginase activity was higher in iNOS KO macrophages than in IL-4 treated macrophages, showing that the absence of proliferation is arginase inde-pendent. L. (V.) braziliensis was able to cause uncontrolled disease in iNOS KO mice in vivo. The data obtained suggest that murine macrophages do not support proliferation of L. (V.) braziliensis amastigotes, even in the absence of nitric oxide and presence of high arginase ac-tivity. Therefore, further studies related to the requirements of amastigotes internalized in host cells are needed, for the search of better methods to interfere in the diversity of leishmaniasis forms caused by different Leishmania spp.
Análise das atividades antimicrobiana e citotóxica de actinobactérias isoladas de diversos habitats
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-03-18) Oliveira, Bruno Francesco Rodrigues de; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1742731776579730; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; Ulhoa, Cirano José; Souza, Keili Maria Cardoso de
The actinobacteria constitute a wide and diverse phylum of gram-positive bacteria with a high content of guanine and cytosine in their DNA, standing out by the production of secondary metabolites with antibiotic activity. The treatment of multi-drug resistant pathogens infections and cancer represents a major challenge for modern medicine and bioactive microbial metabolites constitute a rich source of antimicrobial and antitumor drugs. The main aim of this study was to analyse the potential antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of actinobactéria isolated from various habitats. The evaluation of these bioactivities was accomplished by the application of a set of qualitative screening in vitro assays. From a total of 19 morphospecies, isolated from the goiano Cerrado soil, 16 were evaluated in the primary antimicrobial activity tests, of which 5 (31,25%) antagonized the growth of indicator microorganisms. The ECL of the morphospecie BC-A22 and the crude extracts of the strain ADU 1.3 stood out for their strong antibiotic action against MRSA. The most of the crude extracts exhibited lytic action on the staphylococcal cell wall. Only ECLs of morphospecies GUARA 1 and PEG 23 and extracts of the strain PEG 30 were cytotoxic against A. salina in low concentration. None of the extracts showed an intercalation effect on the DNA molecule. With exception of BC-A22, the other six isolates were morphologically characterized as members of the Streptomyces genus. The morphospecie ADU 1.3 was molecularly identified as Streptomyces sp., highly likely to consist of a new species. The results of this initial phase of microbial bioprospecting highlight that all the isolates are potential producers of antibiotics biomolecules, excelling the morphospecie BC-A22, which exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity against the clinical isolates of MRSA and most of gram-negative bacteria.
Análise dos genes de virulência cagA, vacA e dupA de Helicobacter pylori e associação com doenças gástrica
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-06-07) Silva, Lucas Luiz de Lima; Carneiro, Lilian Carla; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6506744224041777; Carneiro, Lilian Carla; Silva, Antonio Márcio Teodoro Cordeiro; Gama, Aline Rodrigues; Moraes Filho, Aroldo Vieira de; Santos, Mônica de Oliveira
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative bacterium associated with the development of different gastropathies. The different clinical outcomes of infection by H. pylori are the result of the parasite-host relationship, and the virulence factors produced by the different strains of H. pylori are determinant in the pathogenesis of the infection. Based on the importance of the topic, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of H. pylori infection; compare the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique with the histopathological examination for the detection of the microorganism; associate the genotypes of cagA, vacA and dupA virulence with the gastropathies presented by the patients and evaluate the origin of the local circulating strains. For this, gastric tissue biopsies from 117 dyspeptic patients were collected and used for DNA extraction. The histopathological examination report of the study patients was also obtained. The screening for H. pylori infection was performed using the 16S rRNA gene (hpx) and the positive H. pylori samples were subjected to the detection and sequencing of the virulence genes vacA, cagA and dupA. The dupA gene sequences obtained from the PCR were used for phylogenetic analysis. The prevalence of H. pylori infection found in this study was 64.1%, when considering only the PCR technique and 72.3% when associated with histopathological examination. A high frequency of positive cagA strains was found (80.0%). The cagA gene was detected in all strains present in patients with severe pathologies, while the isolated vacA gene was not detected in this group. Seriously ill patients had fewer virulence genes in the infecting strain. The presence of the dupA gene in the infecting strain was not associated as a risk factor or a protective factor for gastropathies, however, in women the infection by H. pylori dupA positive, increased the chance of developing gastritis by two. In addition, molecular phylogeny demonstrated that the dupA gene isolated in this study showed homology with genes from H. pylori strains isolated from western countries. The circulating strains of H. pylori in central-western Brazil show high heterogeneity in the frequency of cagA, vacA and dupA virulence genes and the combination of several virulence factors can influence the clinical outcomes of patients.
Análise in silico do papel do receptor imune TREM-1 na infecção pelos Norovírus murino e humano
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-01-22) Colmenares, Mike Telemaco Contreras; Sales, Marcelle Figueira Marques da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0477630359032513; Campos, Helioswilton Sales de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1386621024118393; Campos, Helioswilton Sales de; Dias, Fátima de Rivero; Silva, Marcos Vinicius da
In humans, Norovirus (NoV) is one of the main causes of acute diarrheal disease (ADD). Due to the limitations of NoV cultivation, some molecular aspects of its interaction with the host's immune system remain unknown. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) is associated with the amplification of inflammatory responses and the progression of infections, including viral infections. Thus, we believe that TREM-1 may be involved in the NoV infection. Initially, we investigated the expression of Trem1 and the genes involved in its pathway, in transcriptomic data bank of public domain. In experimental infection with murine Norovirus (MNoV), the expression of Trem1 was increased. We also observed that there is a co-expression of Trem1 and genes involved in the pyroptosis pathway, when compared to those in the apoptosis pathway. The in silico protein-protein interactions were assessed by molecular docking simulations between the Ig-like domain of murine TREM-1 and the P domain of the MNoV VP1 protein. The murine TREM-1 recognized the conserved C´-D´ antigen that is present in the murine VP1. In this regard, and based on phylogenetic criteria, different structures of the VP1 protein of NoV GII.4 strains from different years (1987, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2019) were modeled. We performed docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to determine the in silico interaction between the VP1 protein of NoV GII.4 and the Iglike domain of human TREM-1. The DM simulations suggest that there is a basic interaction between human TREM-1 and the NoV VP1 protein, regardless of the year of isolation. Interestingly, we observed changes in the participation of the different complementarity determining regions (CDRs) of TREM-1 when interacting with the domains of the VP1 protein, highlighting the participation of CDR3. Our data strongly suggests the involvement of TREM-1 in the recognition of NoV and its participation in the physiopathology of ADD caused by NoV.
Análises proteômicas de conídios do fungo patogênico humano Paracoccidioides sp
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-08-22) Moreira, André Luís Elias; Bailão, Alexandre Melo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5415221996976886; Borges, Clayton Luiz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8867708267053410; Borges, Clayton Luiz; Bailão, Alexandre Melo; Parente, Ana Flávia Alves; Lima, Patrícia de Souza; Brito, Wesley de Almeida
The paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic disease caused by the thermo dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides spp.. The route of infection of the PCM occurs by the inhalation of conidia or mycelia fragments. Until now, no proteomic studies were performed with conidia of Paracoccidioides sp. In this sense, characterize the proteome of the conidia, may contribute to the detailed knowledge of the proteins expressed during the propagation phase and their potential roles in virulence and pathogenicity, providing possible targets for antifungal strategies. For the conidia production, the mycelia of isolate Pb01 (ATCC MYA-826) were cultured in potato agar medium during 90 days at 18 ºC. After production, the conidias were collected and purified. The proteins were extracted and subjected to tryptic digestion with subsequent identification by NanoUPLC-MSE. We identified a total of 242 proteins of conidia of Paracoccidioides. The in silico analysis were used to characterize the proteins present in Paracoccidioides conidia. Proteins as GAPDH, enolase, triosephosphate isomerase, and some glycoproteins like ECM33 and β-1,3-glucanosyltransferase gel2 were identified during analysis. Some of these have been described as adhesins in Paracoccidioides and in other pathogenic fungi. Were also identified proteins related to signal transduction pathways, such as: Ras GTPase, RhoA GTPase and calmodulin, described in other fungi involved in morphologic changes. Proteins related to evasion, defense and virulence of the fungus, such as HSP90, catalase, mitochondrial peroxiredoxin Prx1, have been described with functions related to temperature shifts or oxidative stress provided by the host environment, were also identified. These results highlight that Paracoccidioides conidia contain proteins that can contribute to its maintenance in the environment and have molecules related to important processes necessary for the initial steps of infection in the host.
Astrovírus humanos clássicos em amostras fecais de crianças atendidas em um hospital de Goiânia, Goiás
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-04-23) Barbosa, Gabriela Rodrigues; Souza, Menira Borges de Lima Dias e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0054562567103606; Souza, Menira Borges de Lima Dias e; Fiaccadori, Fabíola Souza; Baur, Carmen
Classical human astroviruses are classified into the family Astroviridae, genus Mamastrovirus, and are further classified into eight serotypes / genotypes (HAstV 1-8). These viruses are considered important agents of non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis (GEA), and can infect individuals of all age groups, being predominant in children up to five years of age. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the occurrence and estimate the viral load of classical human astrovirus, and to perform molecular characterization of positive samples from faecal samples obtained from children up to six years of age with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis (vomiting and / or diarrhea, with or without abdominal pain, with or without fever). For this real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)with standard recombinant plasmid curve and specific probes and primers specific for RLA2 genomic region were used, followed by genomic sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the positive samplesFecal samples were obtained from 250 children attending a referral hospital in Goiânia from May 2014 to April 2015. A global positivity index of 3.2% (8/250) was observed for HAstV in the feces, and of these positive children, 50% (4/8) presented symptoms of GEA. The viral load ranged from 2.8x105 CG / mL to 1.6x1011 CG / mL, with an average of 2.39x1010. The molecular characterization of the positive samples was performed, of which four were sequenced, two as HAstV-1, 1-a lineage and two as HAstV-4, 4-c lineage. The highest detection occurred in the month of May (5/8), and no defined circulation pattern was observed in relation to dry and rainy seasons. The data obtained in this study contributes to a better understanding of the molecular epidemiology of these agents in the children of the region.
Atividade de compostos naturais e sintéticos na presença de espécies de Candida
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-02-09) Andrade, Fernanda Almeida; Costa, Carolina Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2503738140054176; Costa, Carolina Rodrigues; Silva, Maria do Rosário Rodrigues; Oliveira, Valéria de; Passos, Xisto Sena; Costa, Maysa Paula da
Infections caused by yeasts of the genus Candida are called candidiasis and are considered opportunistic diseases with characteristics ranging from superficial to disseminate. Candida species may develop defense mechanisms to the major antifungal agents available for clinical use against infections, making it difficult and limiting treatment. Natural products can be a source of bioactive compounds against infectious diseases, such as the Curcuma longa Linn or saffron plant as it is popularly known that it has the compound curcumin. This vegetable is used in large scale by the population as food condiment and as natural medicine against inflammatory diseases and infectious diseases. Laboratory-synthesized compounds have been to interest in medical biotechnology, among which the hydrazone derivatives are associated with antimicrobial including antifungal, antioxidant, antiparasitic, anticonvulsive, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity. The objectives were to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of curcumin and n-acylhydrazone compounds, and also to verify the time-kill curve of Candida, to quantify ergosterol and to evaluate hemolysis of red blood cells after action of both compounds. Twenty isolates Candida spp. in the broth microdilution test for evaluation of the MIC and MFC of the compounds. The time-kill curve and ergosterol assay were checked after treatment of C. albicans ATCC 28367 with the compounds. To evaluate the cytotoxicity of these compounds sheep red blood cells were used. The compound curcumin showed MIC values between 16 and 256 μg/mL and MFC between 128 and values greater than 512 μg/mL. For the n-acylhydrazone derivative the MIC values ranged from 2 to 128 μg/mL and the MFC variation ranged from 256 to values greater than 512 μg/mL. The compounds showed fungistatic action on the growth kinetics of Candida over 48 hours. The determination of ergosterol after contact with the agents in MIC of 64 μg/mL of curcumin and 16 μg/mL of nacylhydrazone was reduced by 29.56 and 53.57%, respectively. The compounds showed hemolytic activity at concentrations of 512 μg/mL. The results observed in this work show that the curcumin and the n- acylhydrazone derivative have promising antifungal properties.
Atividade dos óleos essenciais de Litsea cubeba e Cymbopogon martini sobre isolados do complexo Cryptococcus neoformans
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-04-13) Treméa, Carolina Martins; Souza, Lúcia Kioko Hasimoto e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4557218510118165; Souza, Lúcia Kioko Hasimoto e; Fernandes, Orionalda de Fátima Lisboa; Faganello, Josiane
Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection caused by species of the complex Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans and C. gattii) with high incidence in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Antifungal drugs used in therapy of this infection are scarce and, in addition, have evident toxicity and low effectiveness, which motivates the search for new candidates to antifungals. Essential oils (EOs) extracted from the fruit of Litsea cubeba (Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers.) and leaves of Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini (Roxb.) Will. Watson) and its major constituents, citral and geraniol, were investigated as antifungal sources. The aims of this work were to determine the isolated or associated antifungal activity of EOs and major constituents with amphotericin B (AMB) or fluconazole (FLU) on 15 isolates and two standard strains of C. neoformans complex, evaluate the time-kill curve, the action on the biosynthesis of ergosterol and on cell membrane, in addition to verify the cytotoxicity of EOs and major constituents on human erythrocytes. By in vitro susceptibility testing and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), the best activities were to L. cubeba and citral. The EOs and major constituents exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) between 16 and 512 μg/mL and 64 and 2048 μg/mL, with a MIC90 of 128 μg/mL for L. cubeba and citral, and 512 μg/mL for C. martini and geraniol. To evaluate the association of EOs and major constituents with antifungal agents was performed the Chequerboard method, that showed indifference in the association of AMB and L. cubeba (94.1%) or citral (70.6%). In association with FLU, L. cubeba was antagonistic (76.5%) and indifferent (94%) for citral. C. martini and geraniol showed synergism associated with AMB, respectively, in 52.9 and 70.6% of isolates, and showed indifference when associated with the FLU in 64.7% and 88.2%. C. gattii 24065 time-kill curve under the action of EOs and major constituents showed a rapid fungicidal activity, which occurred after one hour incubation for L. cubeba, C. martini and geraniol, and after two hours for citral. The amount of ergosterol was quantified after contact with the EOs and major constituents and showed that L. cubeba and citral inhibited 100% of sterol biosynthesis in MIC and 64% for C. martini. This is the probably mechanism of action of these agents, except for geraniol, which reduced only 12% in MIC. The major compounds of EOs showed no ability to injure the plasma membrane of C. gattii, since an average of 2.7% propidium iodide labeled cells were detected by flow cytometry. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay by hemolysis showed that EOs and major constituents were not toxic in the MIC and MFCs. Taken together, our results showed that the EOs of L. cubeba and C. martini and their major constituents, citral e geraniol are promising as candidates for new antifungal agents.
Atividade inseticida do líquido da castanha de anacardium humile (anacardiaceae) sobre aedes aegypti
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-04-07) Romano, Camila Aline; Silva, Ionizete Garcia da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5021551669347602; Arruda, Walquíria; Santos, Adelair Helena dos; Silva, Ionizete Garcia da; Silva, Heloisa Helena Garcia da; Cavasin, Glaucia Maria
Aedes aegypti is the major vector of dengue, chikungunya and zika fever. Currently, with the lack of specific therapeutic and prophylactic measures, the main way to prevent these arboviruses is vector control. This control is performed mainly with the application of insecticides, but continuous use of these substances favored the emergence of resistant populations, making it necessary to develop alternative strategies for vector control. An example is the survey of vegetable substances which may interfere with the development of the mosquito. In this sense, the Cerrado plants the may be a promising way. In this study, was investigated the insecticidal activity of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) produced by the species Anacardium humile on Aedes aegypti, the dengue vector, Chikungunya and Zika virus. Fruits of A. humile were collected and kept in greenhouse of forced ventilation at 40º Celsius during seven days for the extraction of CNSL. Were performed mortality tests of third instar larvae (L3), pupa and adult, besides the observation of the oviposition behavior of females and viability of eggs and observation of the residual effect of solution. The CNSL was diluted in decreasing gradual concentrations from 1000 to 3ppm, to obtain the Lethal Concentrations (LC). In oviposition the LC99 was used for larvae. The tests of residual effect and oviposition were given in two stages, a pilot test of 100ppm and a test with the LC99. Was obtained LC50 and LC90, respectively, 6.63 and 11.23ppm for larvae; 276 and 728.62ppm for pupae, not being observed mortality in adults. The residual effect of the solution was seven days in the pilot test and five days in the LC99. In the pilot test for oviposition was observed repellent effect of CNSL on females with a significant reduction of eggs number (p = 0.0001 and p=0.0348) and change in standards of stratification of the eggs on oviposition substrate. The larval hatching rate of the eggs exposed to moistened substrate with CNSL was significantly lower (p = 0.0102) when compared to the control. The results presented evidence the insecticidal activity of the CNSL of A. humile, indicating it as a promising product in the research for new botanical insecticides. This way, further studies should be conducted in order to verify possible toxicity of the liquid to other animals.
Atividade larvicida da Copaifera langsdorffii (Leguminosae), evidenciada pelas alterações morfohistológicas em Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae)
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-06-30) Santos, Daniela Braz dos; Silva, Ionizete Garcia da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5021551669347602; Arruda, Walquíria; Silva, Heloisa Helena Garcia da; Silva, Ionizete Garcia da
The main transmitter species of serotypes of the dengue virus is Aedes aegypti, the most competent mosquitoes and more adapted to urban and man-made environment. The control measures of this disease are still mainly on the vector. Recently, several studies have shown the use of botanical origin of substances with potential insecticide in control of Ae. aegypti, alternatively opposite resistance to conventional insecticides. The efficacy oleoresin of C. langsdorffii the control of Ae. aegypti demonstrated in field work, signals the promising possibility of this botanical compound to control this vector requiring studies to clarify the mechanism of action. Thus, it is proposed to establish the mechanism of death process in the third stage larvae of Ae. aegypti through morfohistologic studies. The larvae of Ae. aegypti were subjected to oil-resin solutions and hexane fraction C. langsdorffii in concentrations of 70 ppm and 80 ppm, respectively. Subsequently collected in time intervals of 6h, 12h and 24h. They were fixed in 4% paraformaldhyde in 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer pH 7.2, embedded in resin, mounted, stained with hematoxylin-eosin and analyzed by light microscopy. The oil-resin and hexane fraction C. langsdorffii, caused the death of the larvae by the destruction of the posterior cells of the midgut region through cytoplasmatic vacuolation, apical cytoplasmic vesicle formation, lip brush degeneration, increased cellular volume and fold in peritrophic matrix. The changes described in this paper demonstrate how bioactive compounds can trigger cell degeneration and accelerate cell disruption.
Atividade larvicida da Persea americana (Lauracea) sobre Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae) evidenciada por modificações morfohistológicas
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-11-03) Guimarães, Antonella Del Buono; Silva, Ionizete Garcia da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5021551669347602; Arruda, Walquíria; Silva, Heloísa Helena Garcia da; Silva, Ionizete Garcia da
Dengue has impact on public health of the intertropical regions of the world and its main vector Aedes aegypti. The measures most commonly used to control this vector, so far, are the synthetic insecticides, which applied on a large scale for a long period, did show resistance. Thus, chemical compounds from plants can be substitutes for synthetic insecticides, with the advantages of resistance retardation, due to the complexity of its components, easy degradation, lower toxicity to man and to be a safer alternative to the environment . Assays crude ethanol extract (cee) of Persea americana stem bark were performed in polystyrene cups, solutions containing 100 ppm of P. americana cee, previously dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and water public Goiânia system. In each glass were placed 5 larvae of 3rd stage (L3) of the mosquito Aedes aegypti. The study was made of morfohistológic modifications from observations made with 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 and 48 h treatment with the cee. In each period, the larvae were collected, fixed, dehydrated, infiltrated and embedded in historesin. of 3μm thick cuts were made in microtome semiautomatic, stained with hematoxylin / eosin (HE), analyzed and photomicrographed under a light microscope. For scanning electron microscopy (MEV) the treated and control larvae were fixed, dehydrated, dried in a critical point apparatus, metallized and analyzed in electron microscope. The morfohistológic changes were observed from 24 hours after treatment of larvae L3 with P. americana stem bark cee. The analysis of histological sections of the midgut of Ae. aegypti in light microscopy showed the presence of vacuoles in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells, large amount of secretion and folding of membrane peritrophic larvae treated for 48 hours. There was extrusion whole food content together with peritrophic matrix, thus suggesting the P.americana. toxic action on the gut of the larvae. These changes did not occur in the control group. There was no evidence of external changes by MEV.
Atividade larvicida do extrato bruto de Swinglea glutinosa evidenciada pelas alterações morfohistológicas em larvas de Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae)
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-06-29) Cabral, Sávio da Silva; Silva, Ionizete Garcia da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5021551669347602; Silva, Ionizete Garcia da; Arruda, Walquíria; Silva, Heloisa Helena Garcia da; Silva, Ionizete Garcia da
Aedes aegypti is the major vector of dengue, urban yellow fever and emerging arboviruses in Brazil, as chikungunya fever. This mosquito is adapted to the urban environment, and is an important factor for the maintenance of its kind, the long period of quiescence of eggs, which was an extraordinary physiological adaptation to different climatic and dietary factors. Approximately 2.5 billion people live in endemic, exposed to dengue transmission countries. The best solution would be to control multivalent vaccines to existing serotypes. Tetravalent vaccines are being tested in several countries, including Brazil. However, recently it described a fifth serotype, and this can probably extend the course of research. So how vaccines are not ready for use, dengue control has been done by the intervention of actions against the vector, Ae. aegypti. Among the actions, the use of synthetic chemical insecticides has been the main, it emerged mosquito susceptibility of modification in many Brazilian cities and later confirmation of resistance status. This paper proposes the search for alternatives, through prospecting of natural compounds insecticides for the control of Ae. aegypti. Among the actions, the use of synthetic chemical insecticides has been the main. However, with the continuous use of the same product in some brazilians municipalities seemed evidence of mosquito susceptibility modification and subsequently confirm the resistance status. Among, measures control alternatives Ae. aegypti is prospecting for natural compounds insecticides. This work proposes the study of crude ethanol extract (c.e.e.) the result of Swinglea glutinous as larvicide and it showed CL50 and CL90 of 74.4 ppm to 125.2 ppm for third instar larvae of Ae. aegypti, besides the toxicity effect on these intestinal cells larvae investigated by morphohistological study. The morphological changes that are intensified with increasing time of exposure to the larvae of c.e.e. were visualized particularly in the posterior region of the midgut, included folding of the peritrophic matrix, increasing subperitrophic space, cytoplasmic vacuolization, reduction of the microvilli cells. What characterized and checked the larvicidal effect of c.e.e. demonstrating its potential use for controlling Ae. aegypti.
Atividade moluscicida de nanopartículas de prata funcionalizadas com polivinilpirrolidona nos estágios iniciais de desenvolvimento do caramujo Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818)
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-16) Araújo, Paula Sampaio; Rocha, Thiago Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6325937100056775; Rocha, Thiago Lopes; Monteiro, Caio Marcio de Oliveira; Barreto, Lucas Prado
Schistosomiasis is a tropical disease of an endemic nature caused by the parasite Schistosoma mansoni and its intermediary host is freshwater snails, such as Biomphalaria glabrata. Among the disease control methods, the intermediate host control stands out through the use of molluscicides. Nanotechnology appears as a viable alternative for the development of new molluscicides. Among the nanoparticles with potential molluscicidal use, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) stand out due to their inherent physical and chemical properties, with an effect against bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa. Thus, the general objective of the present study was to evaluate the molluscicidal potential of PVP-functionalized Ag NPs for different stages of development (embryos, newly hatched) of the snail B. glabrata. The bioassays were carried out during the embryonic development phase and in newly hatched snails for a total period of 144 h and 96 h, respectively, using concentrations from 12.1 to 1560 g L-1. Biomarkers such as mortality rate, hatch rate and morphological alteration were analyzed, together with the estimated average lethal concentration. Results showed that the embryos were more resistant to Ag NPs than the newly hatched. The toxicity was demonstrated during all phases analyzed in a concentration-dependent manner. Exposure to Ag NPs induced the formation of hydropic embryos. This was the first study that evaluated the toxicity of Ag NPs and their dissolved counterpart (AgNO3) in embryos and newly hatched snails B. glabrata.
Avaliação da ação da IL-17 em macrófagos peritoneais murinos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-07-25) Martins, Lohane Suzart; Oliveira, Milton Adriano Pelli de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2152513705182408; Oliveira, Milton Adriano Pelli de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2152513705182408; Galdino Júnior, Hélio; Abrahamsohn, Ises de Almeida
L. (L.) amazonensis is one of the species that cause American tegumentary leishmaniasis. Resistance to Leishmania infection is associated with Th1 lymphocytes, which produce IFN-γ and activate macrophages and promote the death of the parasites. However, during the infection, other T cells subtypes can develop, such as the Th17 subtype, which produce IL-17. The role of IL-17 is known in inflammatory diseases and infections with extracellular pathogens, and its function is associated to the migration and activation of neutrophils. In Leishmania infection, it is not clear whether this cytokine would influence the activation of a phenotype that controls infection. Aim: To assess whether IL-17 interferes with activation of murine macrophages and with their Leishmania amazonensis leishmanicidal. Methods: Thyoglycolate-elicited peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice were primed with IL-17, IFN-γ or IL-4, activated or not with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and infected with L. (L.) amazonensis promastigotes. Culture supernatants were harvested 48 h after the stimulus to assess nitric oxide (NO) and IL-12p40 production. The cells were used to determine the phagocytic, leishmanicidal and arginase activity. Results: Macrophages from BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice stimulated with IL-17 and LPS produced IL-10 and increased arginase activity. IL-17 was not able to induce NO production by these cells, but promoted a small increase in IL-12p40 secretion by C57BL/6 mice macrophages. IL-17 favored the proliferation of Leishmania in macrophages from BALB/c mice, but not in C57BL/6 mice. A synergism was observed between IL-17 and IL-4 that increased IL-10 production and arginase activity in macrophages from BALB/c mice. In macrophages from C57BL/6 mice, however, a synergism was observed between IL-17 and IFN-γ in the stimulation of NO production. Conclusion: These results suggest that IL-17 may participate in the activation of macrophages toward either phenotype depending on the mouse strain. The finding that IL-17 impairs the control of L. (L.) amazonensis in BALB/c mice was not observed in C57BL/6 mice. IL-10 production in macrophages stimulated with IL-17 suggests a regulatory role of this last cytokine.
Avaliação da atividade antifúngica e mecanismo de ação de compostos naturais e sintéticos em leveduras do complexo Cryptococcus neoformans
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-05-14) Silva, Kamila Pereira da; Fernandes, Orionalda Fatima Lisboa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9826992750728262; Silva, Maria do Rosário Rodrigues; Paula, José Realino de
Fungal infections caused by yeasts of Cryptococcus neoformans complex have increased considerably among immunosuppressed especially in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Antifungal drugs available to treat these infections have a wide spectrum of action, but the high costs, side effects, besides the acquisition of resistance of fungi make their limited effectiveness. In these circumstances, the search for new drugs is needed. In the present study, we evaluated the antifungal activity of tamoxifen, bisabolol, indinavir, didanosine, UFMG, Labiocon 241, solasodine, Labiocon 237, Clonazepam, semicarbonado Benzaldehyde, Cardanol, AB 36 and three natural extracts of Psychotria spp, Sclerolobium paniculatum, Hymenaea courbaril and cell viability and mechanism of action of the compound showed antifungal activity of 20 isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans. To evaluate the antifungal activity , we used the in vitro susceptibility to yeast broth microdilution protocol M27 - A3 ( CLSI 2008) and to verify the mechanism of action, flow cytometry was performed with the cellular marker Propidium Iodide ( PI ) and cell viability assay with MTT salt. Among the compounds analyzed, only tamoxifen and olanzapine showed inhibitory action on fungal samples at concentrations 128-256 μg/mL. Analysis by flow cytometry was performed with tamoxifen and showed that the compound did not alter the cell membrane of Cryptococcus neoformans ATCC 28957 , however, the cell viability test showed that tamoxifen was able to inhibit the metabolism of the fungus in different concentrations ranging 4-1024 μg/mL.
Avaliação da exposição ao vírus chikungunya em população de Goiânia-Goiás
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-03-29) Morais, Paulo Henrique de; Fiaccadori, Fabíola Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0993842409303174; Fiaccadori, Fabíola Souza; Souza, Menira Borges de Lima Dias e; Féres, Valéria Christina de Rezende
The Central-West region presents wide circulation of different arboviruses, such as Zika virus (ZIKV), Dengue virus (DENV) and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Chikungunya fever is a disease of sudden onset, transmitted by mosquito vectors, intermediate hosts of CHIKV. This pathology represents a significant health problem for the infected person, and the disease can cause symptoms that can be prolonged for more than two years, such as polyarthralgia and myalgias, requiring greater recovery care than other arboviruses. The present study aimed to investigate the seroepidemiological profile of chikungunya virus infection in the population of the city of Goiânia-GO, in the years 2016 and 2018. The study population consisted of 174 individuals attended by the public health network of the municipality, with a clinical picture suspected of CHIKV infection in the years 2016 and 2018. The collected serum samples were submitted to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of specific antibodies against CHIKV class G (anti-CHIKV-IgG), using commercial kit. A global positivity index for CHIKV of 2.3% was identified. Of the individuals investigated, four cases of IgG marker positivity were identified, two male and two female, being described in both the symptomatic picture of fever, myalgia and multiple arthralgias. Studies evaluating seroprevalence for CHIKV infection are still scarce in the country and the data obtained in the present study demonstrate the need for continuous monitoring and investigation of the circulation of this agent in the region.

Navegar

Navegando Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia da Relação Parasito-Hospedeiro por Título

Resultados por página

Opções de Ordenação