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Item Análise da influência do alquilbenzeno sulfonato linear (las) na agregação, sedimentação e coagulação química das nanopartículas de óxido de zinco em matriz aquosa(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-10-30) Guimarães, Dáfnis Barsanulfa Vieira; Teran, Francisco Xavier Cuba; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3433455726987770; Teran, Francisco Xavier Cuba; Cuba, Renata Medici Frayne; Santiago, Mariangela FontesWith the widespread use of anionic surfactant alkylbezene linear sulfonate (LAS) and nanoparticles of zinc oxide (NP ZnO) it becomes probable the coexistence of both compounds in the aquatic environment, showning the importance of the present work in studying the effect of LAS in nanoparticles ZnO. This study was divided into 3 stages that consisted of analyzing the influence of LAS on aggregation, sedimentation, zero charge point (PCZ) and removal of nanoparticles in the coagulation process. The induced results that LAS influence the aggregation and sedimentation of nano-ZnO, mainly in LAS practices above 100mg / L. Sedimentation data were adjusted (R² without 0.85-0.99 interval) with a kinetic equation of first order with residual. The surfactant did not interfere significantly in the pHPCZ of the nano-ZnO, but both coagulants, ferric chloride and tannin, showed better results when the coagulation process with pH was close to the pHPCZ calculated. The presence of LAS in the suspension significantly influenced the efficiency of the coagulation process, in application of 300mg / L the removal efficiency was below the 5% evaluated at different pH and with two different coagulants. This study can contribute to demonstrate that the presence of LAS can alter the behavior of nano-ZnO and significantly reduce the efficiency of the coagulation process.Item Análise da presença de surfactante na remoção de microplásticos por eletrocoagulação(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-06-05) Oliveira, Luísa Rodrigues de; Cuba Teran, Francisco Javier; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3433455726987770; Cuba Teran, Francisco Javier; Carissimi, Elvis; Ruggeri Júnior, Humberto CarlosVarious types of pollutants are found in effluents, which can combine to form even more toxic components or impair the treatments used in effluent purification. Among the emerging contaminants, microplastics and surfactants can be mentioned, which coexist in different types of wastewater. The present work evaluated the effects caused by the anionic surfactant LAS and nonionic Tween 20 in the removal of pristine and aged PVC microplastic, added in synthetic water, by the method of electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes. For the experiments, a bench reactor was developed, which operated in batches and with synthetic water, in order to avoid interference from other substances. For the analyses, counting was used with the aid of a magnifying glass, gravimetry and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that there was a reduction in the removal of plastic microparticles when surfactant was added, the only one that showed improvement was with the new microplastic in the presence of LAS at a concentration of 10 ppm. The worst removal percentages were for the concentration of 100 ppm, and when adding Tween 20 there was a decrease of 23% and 45% for pristine and aged microplastic, respectively, while for LAS the decrease was 6% and 24 %, for intact and deteriorated microplastic, respectively. Therefore, it is clear that the drop in removal was greater for degraded microplastics, both for the tests with Tween 20 and for the LAS. Comparing the decrease in removal between the two types of surfactant, it is observed that the non-ionic one reduces microplastic removal to a greater extent.Item Análise de estimativas de precipitação por satélite e de diferentes métodos de preenchimento de falhas para a região do Sudeste Goiano(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-12-19) Duarte, Luíza Virgínia; Formiga, Klebber Teodomiro Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0787413754235970; Formiga, Klebber Teodomiro Martins; Souza, Saulo Bruno Silveira e; Ferreira, Nilson ClementinoPrecise estimation and monitoring of rainfall occurrence patterns are essential for the modeling of hydrological systems and the planning and management of water resources in various sectors of society. Failures in data series records may compromise studies in practical applications. Advances in precipitation physics are imperative to improve numerical models and rely heavily on testing new hypotheses for actual precipitation measurements, and improved predictions are deeply intertwined with the ability to measure precipitation. In this sense, the quality of satellite precipitation products has been significantly improved in the last decades, especially with the emergence of the missions: Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) that comes as a successor to the TRMM mission in order to provide better global estimates of high quality and precipitation resolution. The objective of this study was to compare precipitation estimates generated by the GPM satellite with data observed on land in order to test the effectiveness of these rainfall estimates in relation to temporal and spatial patterns and to compare these data with traditional methods of filling data for the generation of complete series of data. The methods of comparison were applied for mean rainfall in the Meia Ponte and Rio dos Bois basins of the State of Goiás for daily, monthly and annual scales, and the failure completion methods were analyzed for the same region in daily and monthly data. The results were satisfactory for the monthly and annual analyzes in the region of the two basins and the daily precipitation data, due to their greater variability, they require more studies to refine the techniques in order to obtain better results.Item Associação entre variáveis ambientais relacionadas a criadouros de Aedes aegypti e doenças arbovirais em comunidades rurais e tradicionais de Goiás, Brasil(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-12-08) Silva, Adivânia Cardoso da; Scalize, Paulo Sérgio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0957896448117207; Scalize, Paulo Sérgio; Ventura, Katia Sakihama; Basso, Raviel EuricoArboviruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae) represent a threat to public health and infect people all over the world, mainly in the Americas, due to environmental conditions favorable to the proliferation of the vector. The main objective of this dissertation was to associate environmental variables with Aedes aegypti breeding sites and arboviral diseases. For this, the specific objectives were to identify and assess the relevance of which environmental variables aggravate the existence of Aedes aegypti breeding sites and/or the occurrence of dengue, Zika and chikungunya in the rural area (article 1). To analyze the relationship of 81,3% of the variablesidentified in the literature review to seroprevalence for arboviral diseases in rural and traditional communities in Goiás (article 2). Identify potential sites favorable to the reproduction of culicid vectors in the peridomicile in rural communities with families affected by dengue, Zika and/or chikungunya, and analyze the relationship between the number of breeding sites found and the seroprevalence for the three arboviruses (article 3). The methodology consisted of carrying out a systematic literature review (SLR) with a search for publications using Strings in the Scopus database and analyzing the studies qualitatively and quantitatively (article 1). Insert seroprevalence data for dengue, Zika and chikungunya from 39 rural communities distributed among settlements, quilombolas and riverside communities in the state of Goiás, within the scope of the SanRural Project, in linear regression models to investigate the relationship with local environmental variables (article 2). Gather information from peridomiciles regarding the presence of Aedes aegypti vector breeding sites in 137 households in 13 rural communities in Goiás with families affected by dengue, Zika and/or chikungunya (article 3). The results obtained were, the RSL resulted in 1007 productions, where 50 were relevant to the theme, which presented 16 different variables involving three categories, sanitation, climatology and socio-environmental factors, called “integrative”, with 52% of the articles associating, at least, two categories, where sanitation together with indicators from the integrative category was the combination used in 40% of the studies. Publications began in 1995, with Brazil at the center of discussions. Dengue was mainly associated in rural areas with socioeconomic and housing conditions, where sanitation was considered in 66% of the articles a crucial indicator that can explain the proliferation of vectors in a given region (article 1). 17,4% (12/70) of the indicators for the three categories of variables showed significant relationships with seroprevalence for dengue, Zika and/or chikungunya in rural communities in Goiás, notably: altitude and dengue (p-value <0,001); temperature and Zika; aspects of land use and chikungunya, with pvalue <0,05. The identified associations suggest that populations in rural areas in Brazil can be infected by arboviruses as much as inhabitants of urban areas, mainly due to the lack of universalization of sanitation services (article 2). More than 90% of households in 13 rural communities in Goiás had potential breeding sites for Aedes aegypti, which highlights the real possibility that culicid vectors have also reached rural areas in the state. The community that had the highest number of breeding sites with suspected Aedes aegypti vectors was also the one that resulted in the highest number of individuals affected by arboviruses (article 3). Thus, the present study is a municipal management tool for decision-making regarding disease prevention, as well as an alert to municipal health authorities, as implementing public policies is a measure that indirectly provides vector control and health promotion.Item Avaliação da qualidade da água e do sedimento no reservatório de abastecimento público do ribeirão João Leite-GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-08-25) Arantes, Andréia Gomes dos Santos; Hoffmann, Nora Katia Saavedra del Aguila; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4709330Z7; Cuba, Renata Medici Frayne; Carrijo, Ivaltemir BarrosThe reservoir João Leite is located upstream of the city of Goiânia (Goiás-Brazil), and has as its sole objective the public water supply to the city of Goiânia and conurbated areas. In view of the constant deterioration of the water resources along the drainage basin, it is necessary to include the sediment quality assessment in order to complement the environmental monitoring protocols. The objective of this research was to evaluate the water and sediment quality of the João Leite reservoir in the rainy season and in the dry season, with the purpose of assisting in the process of water purification that will be distributed to the population, together with other processes operation and maintenance of a water treatment plant. Water and sediment samples were collected at five sampling points during rainy and dry periods during the year 2016. In the sediments were determined grain size, pH, CTC, organic matter, oxygen consumed, total nitrogen, macronutrients, micronutrients and pesticides. The pH, electrical conductivity, water temperature, turbidity and dissolved oxygen were determined on the surface, medium and bottom, and the concentrations of ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, total phosphorus, TOC and pesticides. Also, acute toxicity tests were performed with lettuce seeds (Lactuca sativa L.) for the sediment samples. Concentrations of atrazine, ranging from 0.166 to 0.304 μg.L-1 and from trifluralin (0.200 μg.L-1) were identified in the water samples collected during the dry season. All values found remained within the maximum values allowed by Conama Resolution 357/2005 for Class 2 fresh waters. High concentrations of total iron (190.7 and 196.5 mg.kg-1 in drought and of manganese (159.7 and 177.2 mg.kg-1 in drought and from 163 to 179.5 mg.kg-1 in the rainy season), which may alter the characteristics of water during events of destratification. The acute toxicity tests indicated that, with the bottom sediments of the João Leite reservoir sampled in the regions closest to the bus (P2 and P3), the seeds presented reduced growth, both the root and the hypocotyl. However, the presence of toxic substances has not been identified in the analysis of pesticides capable of causing harmful effects.Item Avaliação da remoção de bisfenol-a por adsorção em carvão ativado produzido da borra de café(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-02-26) Alves, Andreia Cristina Fonseca; Oliveira, Sérgio Botelho de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3447406257464639; Scalize, Paulo Sérgio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0957896448117207; Scalize, Paulo Sérgio; Ostroski, Indianara Conceição; Gil, Eric de SouzaBisphenol-A (BPA) is an emerging pollutant potentially capable of interfering with the endocrine system of living things. Employed mainly in the industry, in the production of resins, packaging and polycarbonate monomers, its main sources in the environment are effluent discharges. Since the conventional treatment systems used in Brazil can’t remove a series of pollutants, the use of activated carbon is one of the alternatives fairly used for this purpose. Its production from alternative materials is becoming more and more frequent, as agroindustrial wastes, object of numerous studies of the production of activated carbon. The coffee grounds are one of these residues that has been used generating good carbonaceous adsorbents. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of the activated carbon produced from the coffee grounds, in the adsorption of BPA in aqueous medium. Water vapor (CAH), KOH (CAK), K2CO3 (CAKC) and ZnCl2 (CAZn) were used as the activating agente characterized by analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), N2 adsorption and desorption, elemental composition (CHNS-O) and determination of zero charge potential. For the selection of the best coal, a preliminary adsorption test was carried out with the adsorbents produced, with the coffee grounds and a commercial coal for comparative purposes. The effect of the initial pH of the solution was also evaluated. The kinetic adsorption studies at the concentrations of 5, 20 and 30 mg/L of BPA were adjusted to the pseudo-firstorder and pseudo-second order models. The nature of the process was studied by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Among the developed coals, the CAK and CAKC presented low production yield and were not submitted to the adsorption tests. The CHNS-O, XRD, FTIR and N2 adsorption/desorption analyzes of CAH and CAZn generated results close to those reported in the literature. In terms of specific surface area, the CAH proved to be out of the expected. The CAZn had an area of 1,038.51 m²/g. Of the materials tested, the CAH didn’t present adsorptive capacity, while the CAZn was the one with the best performance, with little variation in efficiency when the pH of the medium changed. The use of coffee grounds as bioadsorbent wasn’t promising, being 86 percentage points below the efficiency of CAZn. Adsorption kinetics revealed a relatively slow process at the concentrations studied, reaching equilibrium after 720 minutes. The kinetic data for the three systems presented a fractional order close to 2, thus indicating a better fit for the pseudo-second order model. The equilibrium data were better adjusted to the Langmuir model, assuming that the CAZn has a homogeneous surface with adsorption occurring in monolayer. The maximum adsorption capacity of BPA according to the same model was 123.22 mg/g. The results showed that CAZn can be considered a promising promoter in the removal of BPA, indicating coffee grounds as an alternative raw material for the production of activated carbon with the potential to remove emerging pollutants such as BPA in water.Item Avaliação de estações de tratamento de água do tipo ciclo completo em função da ocorrência de cistos de Giardia e Oocistos de Cryptosporidium(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-01-23) Silva, Débora Pereira da; Scalize, Paulo Sérgio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0957896448117207; Scalize, Paulo Sérgio; Carneiro, Lilian Carla; Albuquerque, António João Carvalho deThe protozoa Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. are etiological agents responsible for the transmission of gastroenteritis mainly due to the consumption of contaminated water. The (oo)cysts are resistant to harsh environmental conditions, as well as to most of the physicochemical processes used at Water Treatment Plants (WTP). Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the seasonal occurrence and removal of these protozoa in WTPs with complete cycle technology of the State of Goiás. Among the 15 analyzed according to the variables: Escherichia coli in raw water; filtered water turbidity and pasture area in the catchment area; The Cerrado Stream was selected for the supply of Sanclerlândia (WTP I) and Santana Stream de São Luís de Montes Belos (WTP II), managed by the Saneago delegate, since the predominance of pasture indicates a risk of cryptosporidiosis outbreaks. These indicators (Cryptosporidium spp. and pasture area) showed a positive correlation (p = 0.0461). Six samples of raw and filtered water were collected for protozoan determination using the Membrane Filtration method and analysis of the physical parameters turbidity and pH in accordance with the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. In the initial precision tests with ultrapure water, the tests met the USEPA (2012) criteria for Giardia (78.13% ± 0%) and Cryptosporidium (60.63% ± 32.65%), however, in raw water the recovery was lower due to turbidity. In the seasonal monitoring, the raw water from the superficial water source presented pathogen concentrations with maximum values of 50 cysts / L and 200 oocysts / L, and the maximum removal efficiency of Cryptosporidium was 99.69% and 98.75% in WTP I and II, respectively. The filter material of the quick filters of WTP I have well graded particle size (Tef = 0.60mm; Cu = 2.15), which promoted better filter performance in relation to the turbidity of the filtered effluent. WTP II quick filters made of uniform material (Tef = 0.61mm; Cu = 1.623) presented average turbidity parameter concentration of 0.35 NTU and 0.33 NTU in the dry and rainy season, thus the filtered water with lower Turbidity aims to prevent the spread of disease and can improve the efficiency of pathogen removal. In the mass balance, the influence of the steps preceding the filtration process was analyzed in relation to the physicochemical and microbiological parameters. The increase in raw water turbidity during the rainy season did not affect the filtered water, and this parameter ranged from 0.34 - 0.93 NTU in WTP I and 0.28 - 1.27 NTU in WTP II. The removal efficiency was higher than 99%, regarding turbidity, total coliforms and E. coli parameters. It can be concluded that WTP I and II presented pathogen removal efficiency below 99%, reported in the literature, which highlights the importance of studying the distribution of protozoa in the aquatic environment of the State of Goiás and the respective sources of contamination. , as well as the need to implement technologies to improve water treatment and ensure protozoa inactivation.Item Avaliação de soluções de manejo de águas pluviais baseadas na natureza em loteamento urbano(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-10-25) Chagas, Isabela Moura; Basso, Raviel Eurico; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2827247646651873; Basso, Raviel Eurico; Formiga, Klebber Teodomiro Martins; Swarowsky, AlexandreWorldwide urban growth is continuous, accompanied by an increase in impermeable areas. This results in a reduction of evapotranspiration and water infiltration capacity into the soil, leading to increased surface runoff and negatively impacting the environment and public health. Currently, nature-based stormwater management solutions seek to mitigate these negative impacts of urbanization. This study aimed to determine, through a hydrological model, the performance of these solutions in an urban development with a high percentage of impermeable area. Considering the literature review, municipal regulations, and design criteria, green roofs and cisterns were selected as nature-based solutions to be modeled using the SWMM software. The research was conducted in five stages, including literature review and selection of nature-based solutions, selection of the study area, acquisition of secondary data, evaluation of the hydrological performance of the proposed scenarios, and assessment of the impact on the conventional drainage system. The performance evaluation included selecting SWMM variables, designing the drainage network, analyzing input data, scenario development (isolated and combined techniques), SWMM application, and analysis and comparison of results. Ten simulations were carried out with different scenarios, including the implementation of isolated and combined techniques and variations in the degree of soil impermeability. The research investigated the behavior of green roofs and found that their implementation alone reduced surface runoff by 15.5% and peak runoff by 19.7%. The isolated cistern also contributed, but to a lesser extent, with a reduction of 8.5% in surface runoff and 4.3% in peak runoff. However, the combination of the two solutions showed a more effective synergy, achieving a reduction of 20.2% in surface runoff and 22.2% in peak runoff. The results also confirmed that the degree of impermeability of the soil is inversely related to its capacity to infiltrate rainwater.Item Caracterização experimental de túneis de vento para a análise de potencial eólico(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-08-27) Cardoso, Flávia de Melo Ribeiro; Mariano, Felipe Pamplona; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4538460201961283; Mariano, Felipe Pamplona; Fagundes Neto, Marlipe Garcia; Vasco, Joel Roberto GuimarãesWind tunnel is an equipment used to study aerodynamics, whose main function is to provide high quality air flow in its test section. It makes possible to study the effects of air flow around various aerodynamic or non-aerodynamic models (airfoils, blunt bodies, anemometric towers, reduced models of civil structures and others). The qualities to be satisfied when using a wind tunnel are: a low level of turbulent intensity at the entrance of its test section, meaning uniformity in the speed and pressure fields and the height of the boundary layer formed along the length of the test section. The knowledge of both variables for the various ranges of use of the wind tunnel guarantees the appropriate boundary conditions for the experiments and makes it a reliable measuring equipment. For example, a high turbulent intensity can interfere considerably in the transition of the boundary layer, generating undesirable effects. Furnas Centrais Elétricas S.A. acquired two wind tunnels, the purpose of which is the in-depth study of the wind power generation system. To know the characteristics of the tunnels is essential in the exchange of technical and scientific information, in the comparison of experimental results, in the extrapolation of model parameters to the real scale and in the simulation of tests in Computational Fluid Dynamics. Through experimental measures, using Pitot tubes and statistical tools such as experimental planning techniques and analysis of variance (ANOVA), the turbulent intensity of approximately 0.5% was found at wind tunnel (TV1) for speeds above 12.0m/s and for speeds below 12.0m/s, the turbulent intensity increased up to 3.5% for speeds around 5.0m/s. A method of controlling the height of the boundary layer is also presented, in order to be able to study the wind potential of a given terrain.Item Comparação de métodos empírico-teóricos de estimativa de evapotranspiração de referência ao modelo de Penman- Monteith(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-09-29) Silva, Sérgio Soares da; Soares, Alexandre Kepler; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3620209642728740; Soares, Alexandre Kepler; Souza, Saulo Bruno Silveira e; Formiga, Klebber Teodomiro MartinsThe reference evapotranspiration is a fundamental parameter in the calculation of the water balance of watersheds or region as well as in determining the actual evapotranspiration of a crop or vegetation. This climatic parameter also serves as a basis for the determination of the volume and moment of irrigation of a crop. The objective of this research was on daily and monthly basis to evaluate the performance and perform the calibration methods of Hargreaves-Samani, Blaney-Criddle and Thornthwaite original and modified. The verification of performance of the models, both in their original and calibrated forms, was by comparison to the Penman-Monteith FAO 56 method. To evaluate the performance of the methods were used the correlation coefficient (r), the index of agreement (d), the confidence index (c), the mean absolute error (MAE), the mean square error (MSE), the mean square root error (RMSE), the maximum error (ME) and the coefficient of determination (R2). For this research, a series of data of ten years has been used from January 2007 to December 2016, and the first five years were used to evaluate and calibrate the methods and the last five years used to validate the adjusted methods. The meteorological data used come from a conventional station belonging to the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET), located in the southwest of the state of Goiás, more precisely in the city of Jataí-GO. The validation of calibration was performed only by the Hargreaves-Samani and Blaney-Criddle models, because they had the best adjustments over the standard Penman-Monteith FAO-56 method.Item Construção e aplicação de índice de salubridade ambiental em aglomerados rurais(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-02-19) Braga, Débora de Lima; Scalize, Paulo Sérgio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0957896448117207; Scalize, Paulo Sérgio; Bezerra, Nolan Ribeiro; Cruvine, Karla Alcione da SilvaEnvironmental health is determined through the health status of a population, influenced by the socioeconomic and environmental conditions in which they live. One way to measure and analyze it is through the use of indexes and indicators. In this context, the Environmental Health Index emerged, which has been adapted to the particularities of the studied regions, losing one of the fundamentals of an index, comparability. In view of this scenario, the present study aims to propose a methodology for calculating the Environmental Health Index in rural agglomerates (ISARural) and apply it in rural communities in the state of Goiás. Based on the premise of the concept of environmental health, defined in this paper, and the specificities of rural areas. In order to achieve it, the methodology was carried out in four stages: bibliographic research to support the proposition of the concept and the elaboration of the forms used in this study; prior analysis for the proposition of an ISA Rural, with the participation of seven specialists; proposition of ISARural by the Delphi method, defined by the consensus of specialists in the previous step, starting with 168 specialists from the 27 Federative Units of Brazil; and the application in 43 rural communities (16 settlements, 21 quilombolas and 6 riverside) in the state of Goiás. ISARural was built in three stages: choosing and / or complementing the indicators suggested in the face-to-face discussion, weighting the indicators and selecting and weighting the sub-indicators. The specialists were divided by area of activity, which made it possible to select, adapt and / or create essential sub-indicators with specificity for each indicator. The proposed ISARural resulted in the composition of eight indicators, four related to basic sanitation, and the others, health, socioeconomic conditions, public services offered and housing conditions. The weight attributed to each indicator varied from 22.82%, for the water supply indicator, to 6.35% for the services indicator, and ISARural can be applied in its entirety or for the evaluation of each indicator individually. The application in rural and traditional communities in Goiás showed that 86.05% live in a situation of low health, highlighting the worst conditions for quilombola communities. In addition to identifying that the sewage component is the one that needs the most attention from the government. Finally, this study fulfilled the role of contributing to the proposition of an index in line with the concept of environmental health, which can be used within the scope of public policies as a condition for the application of priority resources, for planning and scenario general diagnosis of rural agglomerates.Item Decaimento da concentração de cloro residual livre nas redes de abastecimento de água(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-07-13) Oliveira, Luciano de; Hoffmann, Nora Katia Saavedra del Aguila; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1447294667795452; Hoffman, Nora Katia Saavedra del Aguila; Teran, Francisco Javier Cuba; Formiga, Klebber Teodomiro Martins; Santos, Felipe Corrêa Veloso dos; Pfeiffer, Simone CostaThe chlorination process is the most used to promote disinfection of water intended for human consumption. During the course of chlorinated water in the supply systems, the concentration of free residual chlorine (FRC), whose reaction rate depends on the characteristics of the natural water, occurs. In this work, we studied the decay of the FRC concentration related to the reactions in the liquid mass in two types of water, of subterranean and superficial origin, with different concentrations of organic matter, with the perspective of the influence of the water travel time, dependent on consumption scenarios in real distribution networks, whose supply modules are characterized by low population density and that operate under the initial demand conditions predicted in the projects. The effect of temperature and total organic carbon on the values of mass decay kinetic constants (k b ), used in mathematical models that simulate water quality, was considered. The results showed that the variation of the kb values is directly proportional to the water temperature and the TOC. For initial concentrations close to 1.00 mg.L -1 , the values of the kinetic constants for waters from surface water sources maintained in the temperature ranges of 20 to 21 °C and 30 to 31 °C were respectively 0.0888 day -1 and 0.1200 day -1 for samples collected at the ETA filter output of the DAIAsystem and TOC value of 0.4798 mg.L -1 and equal to and 0.1680 day -1 and 0.3024 day -1 for the samples collected at the filter outputs of the Piancó and TOC system ETA of 0.8750 mg.L - . In samples of groundwater with TOC of 0.1740 mg.L -1 , maintained at the same temperature 1 ranges, the kinetic coefficients were 0.0264 day -1 and 0.0480 day -1 , respectively. Experiments for temperature between 30 and 31 °C and near test duration showed a significant difference in chlorine decay behavior in filtered water samples collected at conventional treatment plants, which showed a residual chlorine loss percentage of 64.81% in relation to the initial concentration of 1.08 mg.L -1 of disinfectant (ETA DAIA) and 33.65% in relation to the initial concentration of 1.05 mg.L -1 of disinfectant (ETA Piancó). Raw water samples from the underground spring lost 14.33% of the initial concentration of 1.04 mg.L -1 . The travel times for the most critical nodes and the minimum disinfectant concentrations at the entrance of the supply modules to comply with the legislation were 40 hours and 0.27-0.28 mg.L -1 for the distribution networks of the condominium Valley of the Birds and 144 hours and 0.30-0.36 mg.L -1 for the condominium Terras Alphaville.Item Determinação de áreas impermeáveis por meio de ferramentas de geoprocessamento(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-08-18) Moreira, Pedro Augusto Gonzaga; Mendes, Thiago Augusto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7064953575888122; Ferreira, Nilson Clementino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6466969611652630; Ferreira, Nilson Clementino; Formiga, Klebber Teodoro Martins; Barberi, MaíraThe accelerated urbanization process associated with the government’s lack of planning generates environmental, social and economic impacts. Inherent in the urbanization process, impervious surface coverage appears as one of the main factors that generate these impacts, even becoming an indicator not only of the degree of urbanization, but also of environmental quality. goiânia was planned for 50 thousand inhabitants, however, today it has more than 1.2 million inhabitants. Therefore, it is justifiable to determine the percentage of impermeable areas in the urban perimeter of the city of Goiânia, state of Goiás, Brazil, as well as to determine the quality of drainage in the census sectors, generating a product that supports decision-making by of public managers. For that, we used the object-oriented classification technique implemented in the free InterImage software. The drainage quality map was generated by crossing the impermeable areas, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) map and access to micro-drainage equipment. The result of the final classification was Kappa index 85%, considered excellent. The regions of the study area with the highest waterproofing rates were: central and south with 73 and 71%, respectively. The other regions had waterproofing rates close to 50%. However, it should be noted that the northern region is 35% urbanized, and according to the Goiânia risk map, this region should be preserved. In relation to the InterImage software, one should point out its limitation in relation to the maximum amount of pixel it can process. The urban drainage quality map generated identified that approximately 70% of the study area is found to be very unfavorable and unfavorable, a fact directly related to the current high degree of waterproofing of the study areaItem A dinâmica hidrográfica na região sul do estado de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-10-23) Castilho, Mayara Paula Silva Franco; Ferreira, Nilson Clementino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6466969611652630; Ferreira, Nilson Clementino; Teixeira, Denilson; Ribeiro, Hugo JoséBrazil is a world leader concerning water resources, and for its intense agricultural production. In the state of Goiás alone, more than 26 million hectares of land is earmarked for agricultural activities, and water availability is essential for the sustainability of these activities. Because of this, physical changes in hydrography may occur as a result of the increase in agricultural production, since the implementation and maintenance of these activities require interventions such as dams, water abstraction, irrigation, and deforestation. The objective of the research is to map the changes in hydrography in the Water Resources Management Planning Units (UPGRHs) of the affluent Goianos of Baixo Paranaíba and Rio dos Bois in the last three decades and to verify if they are associated with changes in use and coverage from the soil. To identify and map this water dynamics, a computational code was developed in the Java programming language and executed within the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, where the classification of the presence of water was carried out using the Landsat satellite images in the years 1987, 2007 and 2017. After mapping the hydrography for the aforementioned years, the data in the form of images were exported to a Geographic Information System (GIS) computer program, for area calculations and comparison of changes about hydrography. It was found that between 1987 and 2007 there were few changes in hydrography, already in 2017, it is possible to notice significant changes mainly to the emergence of large reservoirs. As a basis for calculating the hydrographic areas in this 30-year interval in the UPGRHs in the study area, a significant increase was observed from 505.16km² to 630.46km², in water depth, corresponding to an increase of 24.80%. Likewise, changes in land use and coverage were observed. The quality of the hydrography mapping elaborated in this research was evaluated in comparison with the mapping carried out for the same years by the MapBiomas project. By comparing the areas found by the two mappings, hydrographic omissions were identified in the MapBiomas data, ranging from 41% to 63%. This discrepancy does not invalidate the data provided by MapBiomas, since the classification methodology and area of coverage of the mapping is for the entire Brazilian territory, however, this comparison found the good quality of the mappings carried out within the scope of the research. Thus, the results obtained demonstrate that there is a relationship between changes in land use and hydrography and that these changes can be identified from images with a special resolution of tens of meters.Item Efeito da concentração de fósforo na degradação aeróbia do glifosato em reator de leito fixo(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-09-21) Paiva, Débora Cristina Aguiar Chaves; Cuba, Renata Medici Frayne; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4795907Y4; Cuba, Renata Medici Frayne; Teran, Francisco Javier Cuba; Pimenta, Sandro MoraisThe present work had as objective to investigate the performance of a fixed bed aerobic reactor with biomass adhered in the treatment of waters contaminated with glyphosate and different concentrations of phosphorus. The effect of different phosphorus concentrations on the adsorption kinetics of glyphosate in a support medium was evaluated by means of the determination of the exhaust curve in a system composed of an adsorption column filled with expanded clay. The glyphosate solution used was commercial product based on Glyphosate Di-ammonium salt 445 g.L-1 (370 g.L-1 equivalent acid) and ultra purified water, with final glyphosate concentration of 8 mg.L-1. Concentrations of 0.8 mg.L-1 were used in the adsorbent assays; 8 mg.L-1; and 16 mg.L-1, and the pH values adopted were: 4; 7 and 10. The results obtained demonstrate the influence of both pH and phosphate ions on the adsorption of glyphosate in expanded clay, where the adsorption kinetics showed the influence of both parameters, in general, on higher concentrations of phosphate ions. The effect of different concentrations of phosphorus on glyphosate biodegradation kinetics was evaluated by means of temporal profiles of the glyphosate and phosphorus concentration decay in the same system used in the adsorption tests with aerobic sludge inoculation in the expanded clay. The glyphosate solution was the same as that used in the 15 mg.L-1 adsorption assays, evaluating the degradation in the presence of concentrations of 2.15 mg.L- 1; 5.37 mg.L-1; 10.75 mg.L-1; 16.12 mg.L-1; 21.5 mg.L-1; 43 mg.L-1 phosphorus. The results demonstrate the influence of phosphate ions on the degradation kinetics of glyphosate in expanded clay. It is possible to observe that glyphosate treatment efficiency increased as phosphorus concentrations increased, indicating that kinetics of degradation was directly associated to kinetics adsorptive. The data were analyzed by means of multiple regression, which was able to verify with 95% confidence the effect of the phosphorus (p <0.05) on the degradation process.Item Eficiência de solo vegetado com bambu barriga de Buda (Bambusa tuldoides cv. ventricosa), família Poaceae, na remoção do hormônio 17α-etinilestradiol de um efluente sanitário(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-09-21) Barrero, Lullyane de Queiroz Rodrigues; Godoi, Emiliano Lôbo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8611506009093617; Almeida, Rogério de Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7455447665040845; Kopp, Kátia Alcione; Silva Neto, Carlos de Melo e; Ucker, Fernando Ernesto; Hoffmann, Nora Katia Saavedra del AguilaThe endocrine disrupting compound 17 α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), present in female contraceptives, after consumption, is eliminated by urine and goes into the sewer system. Conventional sewage treatment methods cannot properly remove such chemical which is then carried into the receiving bodies, where they are capable of mimicking, antagonizing or negatively altering steroids levels of various aquatic organisms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usage potential of soil covered with Buddhas's Belly bamboo (Bambusa tuldoides cv. ventricosa) in removing EE2 from sewage. For this, 760 mL of sanitary sewage containing 2 mg EE2/L; 2.5 mg EE2/L; 3 mg EE2/L and 3.5 mg EE2/L, were applied in 10L plastic pots, with grown Buddha's Belly bamboo plants. The drained fluid from each pot was collected, measured and subjected to EE2 concentration analysis. The efficiency of EE2 load (concentration times volume) removal was calculated and the treatments were compared. The efficiency of EE2 removal was 80.22%; 87.44%; 89.65% and 95.33% respectively for sewage with EE2 concentrations of 2 mg/L; 2.5 mg/L; 3 mg/L and 3.5 mg/L. The efficiency of EE2 removal by soil covered with bamboo increased as the concentration of hormone increased.Item Estimativa do potencial eólico a partir de experimento em túnel de vento utilizando placa plana de camada limite(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-12-21) Maia, Cássia Silva de Azevedo; Fagundes Neto, Marlipe Garcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6303674803792521; Mariano, Felipe Pamplona; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4538460201961283; Mariano, Felipe Pamplona; Vasco, Joel Roberto Guimarães; Moreira, Leonardo de QueirozConcern about environmental imbalances is frequent throughout the world and investment in clean and renewable energy is increasing progressively. The assessment of wind resources becomes increasingly challenging, as it takes into account environmental parameters, such as climate fluctuations, in addition to financial expenses in feasibility studies for the construction of wind farms. For these studies, the estimation of wind potential uses numerical and experimental models as a complement to field measurements. This work refers to the experimental study in a wind tunnel made, available by FURNAS of the atmospheric boundary layer variation from an apparatus known as a flat boundary layer plate, which contains installed pressure probes and a flap mechanism installed on the trailing edge. Different combinations of angles (-10°, +10°, 0°, -20°, +20°) and velocities (6, 13, 20, 26 and 33 m.s-1 ) were made. The results obtained show that, when modifying the flap positioning angle, the boundary layer generated on the plate undergoes significant changes. When analyzing the angle separately for each speed, the boundary layer generated is significantly different for all speeds studied. The wind potential was better at high speeds and had a slight increase at negative flap angles.Item Estudos hidrológicos aplicados para avaliação de secas na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Meia Ponte(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-09-27) Melo, Denise Christina de Rezende; Formiga, Klebber Teodomiro Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0787413754235970; Formiga, Klebber Teodomiro Martins; Basso, Raviel Euric; Pinto, Eber José de AndradeThe objective of this study was to verify the influence of land use, water use, and climate change, with alterations in precipitation on minimum flows, over time, and to assess droughts, in the Meia Ponte River Watershed. Hydrological data from stations located in the basin, pertaining to the National Hydrometeorological Network and the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET), were used. For the analysis of minimum flows, a physical and socioeconomic characterization of the basin was conducted, along with statistical analyses and flow simulations using the HYMOD hydrological model. In the drought assessment, three drought indices were utilized: Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI), and Standardized PrecipitationEvapotranspiration Index (SPEI). The results indicated significant changes in land use in the Meia Ponte River Watershed over time, primarily due to the increase in urbanized areas and areas with irrigated agriculture. In addition to reduced precipitation and increased temperatures, this set of factors may have contributed to the decline in minimum flows in the basin over the years. The statistical analyses applied to flows and precipitation showed that most of the stations are non-stationary, non-homogeneous, and dependent, likely due to these anthropogenic changes. Modeling allowed for the estimation of flows for the last 20 years, with observed flows falling below the simulated flows, particularly from 2015 to 2021, when daily values remained below the reference flows Q95 and Q7,10. The drought assessment using drought indices and simulated flows with the hydrological model identified the driest years in the historical series, revealing periods of meteorological, hydrological, agricultural, and even socioeconomic droughtsItem A governança da água no comitê da bacia hidrográfica do rio Paranaíba(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-08-30) Castilho, Jefferson Henrique Morais; Kopp, Katia Alcione; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1861626532483595; Teixeira, Denilson; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5697570214519476; Teixeira, Denilson; Ferreira, Nilson Clementino; Godoi, Emiliano LôboWater governance configures the establishment of processes and mechanisms by which different social groups articulate their objectives and decisions on how to manage water resources. This research aimed to analyze the contributions of the Paranaíba River Basin Committee (CBHRP) to water governance and to elucidate its weaknesses and potentialities. To this end, an investigation of the implementation process, trajectory and performance of the CBHRP and its implications for the multilevel water governance process was carried out, as well as to evaluate the water governance stage in the committee, based on the guiding principles of good governance of water resources. . From these tools it was possible to highlight the following potentialities: CBHRP is well structured, with plural, transparent participation and based on the legal provisions contained in PNRH, in addition to conducting self- assessment of its management. Among the weaknesses, we can mention: lack of integration between state and district policies, institutional fragmentation and lack of human and financial resources granted to contribute to the establishment of water resources policies; partial compliance with the principles of equity and inclusion and accountability. Given the above, it is concluded that the CBHRP, despite the weaknesses evidenced, is an effective space for mobilization and participatory practices with regard to water resources policies. It has good transparency and effective legal provisions that make up good governance of water resources.Item Influência de parâmetros morfométricos e do uso e ocupação da terra na densidade de cianobactérias em bacias hidrográficas de captação de água para abastecimento público(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-09-26) Souza, Cláudia Alves de; Scalize, Paulo Sérgio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0957896448117207; Scalize, Paulo Sérgio; Formiga, Klebber Teodomiro Martins; Nogueira, Ina de SouzaThe quality of water and the development of cyanobacteria in water courses results from the use and occupation of land and the physical parameters of the river basin. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the water quality and the influence of physical-chemical, morphometric, land use and occupation and soil loss on the development of cyanobacteria in 15 water catchment basins for public water supply, in the period from 2007 to 2016. To evaluate the correlation between the parameters, the non-parametric regression model Kernel Regression with Mixed Data Types was used, at a significance level of 10% with p-value <0.1. The IQAACP and IQACWQI were applied to evaluate the water quality of the abstraction sources. For IQACWQI, 86% of the basins were classified in the categories between excellent and regular; and only the stream Lajes and the stream Veredas were classified in at least one period in the categories poor or very poor. For IQAACP, the IQA1 of the hydrographic basins analyzed for the first main component was explained by between 29% and 54%. The reduction of the average density of cyanobacteria promoted lower values of IQA1, and therefore, better water quality. The IQAp values were lower in relation to the IQA1, improving water quality. The most significant parameters in the definition of water quality for the first main component were: dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, ammoniacal nitrogen and turbidity. The correlation of cyanobacteria density was positive with pasture and urban area and negative with APP vegetation. Positive correlations were found between cyanobacteria density and physico-chemical parameters (chlorophyll a, pheophytin, water temperature, ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrate and dissolved inorganic nitrogen). Among dissolved solids and cyanobacteria density, negative correlation was found for the Meia Ponte basin and positive for the Samambaia stream basin. Given this scenario, it is necessary to restore the natural vegetation areas in APP and reduce the anthropic areas, ensuring availability and quality of water for public supply.