Solubilização de fósforo do rejeito de minério de ferro pelo fungo Aspergillus terreus
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2021-03-10
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Extractive processes, as an example of phosphorus, are responsible for significant environmental impacts, and this is due to the generation of solid
waste, such as iron ore tailings, rich in phosphorus, which represent great economic value and which with the implementation of extractive processes better efficiency, results in a better use of important and specific elements of the extractive amount. Biosolubilization emerges as a promising and transformative technology in the field of mining extractive process, making use of microorganisms in the solubilization of phosphorus or even in soil recovery, which is possible to fully affirm the applicability of recovery through solubilization. phosphorus element by different species of microorganisms. This study makes use of the phosphorus element biosolubilization from iron ore tailings by Aspergillus terreus. In principle, microorganism was isolated from iron ore tailings with a specific characteristic of solubilizing phosphorus; then, the isolated microorganism was identified, resulting in the presence of Aspergillus terreus. The biosolubilization steps were carried out from the verification of phosphorus solubilization by Aspergillus terreus in a known source of phosphorus, in a medium containing calcium phosphate, Ca5(OH)(PO4)3, and subsequently, in a medium containing the waste ore tailings. iron. Aiming at biotechnological studies, it was verified the fatty acid profile by Aspergillus terreus produced in NBRIP culture media, of general use and 9K-glucose, as a possible source in the production of biodiesel. Finally, the cell viability study of the microalgae Acustodesmus obliquus was carried out, aiming at knowing the best storage condition, such as by simple freezing, cooling or freezing with the application of cryoprotective substances. The results of this study proved to be very promising, with solubility of 90.93% phosphorus in the Ca5(OH)(PO4)3 sample as a phosphorus source, and 87.77% phosphorus in the iron ore tailings sample, also representing a solubility of 0.19 mg and 0.22 mg of phosphorus per gram of fungal mass, respectively. The results presented are due to conditions in both acid samples in the reaction medium, demonstrating a decrease in pH and in the release of acid phosphatase as an enzymatic function in phosphorus solubility. The average rate of phosphorus solubility in the reaction medium was 1.76 mg.h-1 and 1.70 mg.h-1 in both biosolubilization conditions, respectively. The fungal biomass showed an excellent composition of FAME, such as having 35.89% at 29 ºC and 34.89% at 36 ºC of saturated fatty acids in the NBRIP medium, as the best biomass growth medium. Aspergillus terreus was shown to be highly qualified in the production of biodiesel, with 1.31% of tri-unsaturated fatty acids (TUFA) and absence of polyunsaturated (PUFA) being detected, according to maximum limits established by the European standard EN 1424, being 12 % for TUFA and 1% for PUFA. Finally, it was found that Acutodesmos obliquus can be stored both by refrigeration and by freezing, this being through the use of cryoprotective substances, such as dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), glycerol (Gly) and polyethylene glycol (Poly). The information brought in this work reveals excellent efficiency in the solubilization of the phosphorus component present in the iron ore tailings by Aspergillus terreus, resulting in a possible application in mining, as an alternative to reduce production costs and sustainable conditions of the mining system, and so on., contributing to the improvement of the quality of iron ore in the country, and a probable purpose of solubilized phosphorus, as in the generation of phosphate products.
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FERREIRA, G. L. R. Solubilização de fósforo do rejeito de minério de ferro pelo fungo Aspergillus terreus. 2021. 130 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Ambientais) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2021.