Avaliação histológica, microestrutural e de biocompatibilidade in vivo de cartilagens auriculares de bovino tratadas em solução alcalina
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2021-03-05
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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With the advancement of techniques for the correction of tissue defects or losses, the use of biomaterials that promote repair with a minimum of inflammatory response is sought. Previous studies carried out used different means of preparing and obtaining elastic bovine cartilage, aiming at the use as biomaterial. However, one of the major challenges related to the use of these membranes, refers to the occurrence of unwanted immunogenic reactions at the implantation site. This study aimed to characterize the physical-chemical, microstructural and histological properties of elastic bovine cartilages treated in alkaline solution and their biocompatibility in vivo. Therefore, physical-chemical analyzes were carried out to characterize this material. The thermal analyzes performed, Thermogravimetry (TGA) and Differential Exploratory Calorimetry (DSC), verified the possible changes in the material in view of the temperature variations in which it was submitted. The TGA curves showed the variation in the mass of treated and untreated auricular cartilages as a function of temperature and in the DSC the temperature of the collagen denaturation of the cartilage samples was evaluated. The analyzes showed that the treated cartilage had physicochemical characteristics similar to untreated cartilage. In the microstructural evaluations, 2D and 3D computed microtomography and confocal laser scanner microscopy were performed. Two-dimensional Micro-Ct showed that the cartilage region showed higher density in relation to the perichondrium, and the alkaline treatment was effective in decellularization, due to the presence of gaps observed in the extracellular matrix interspersed with the collagen structure. The three-dimensional Micro-Ct showed that the cartilage has less porosity and pores with a larger diameter and in the laser scanner microscopy it was noted that the treated cartilage has considerable roughness, factors that can contribute to cell proliferation and adhesion. In this study, histological processing of cartilage was also performed, demonstrating that the alkaline treatment promoted tissue decellularization, with the maintenance of the architecture of the extracellular matrix and the structure of elastic and collagen fibers. It was concluded that the alkaline treatment was efficient to promote decellularization in the auricular cartilage. The last stage of the study consisted of evaluating the in vivo biocompatibility of elastic cartilage implants treated with alkaline solution (CA) compared to polypropylene (TP) mesh in rabbits. It was found that the group (CA) had a less intense inflammatory process than the group (TP), in which the formation of a fibrous capsule around the implants was observed. It was noted in the group (CA) the presence of calcification promoted by osteoinduction of osteoblasts due to alkaline processing, which can be considered a bias of interest for further studies, involving the regeneration of bone tissues, in which the cell-type applicability observed is feasible.
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FERREIRA, K. D. Avaliação histológica, microestrutural e de biocompatibilidade in vivo de cartilagens auriculares de bovino tratadas em solução alcalina. 2021. 67 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência Animal) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2021.