Influência da intervenção musicoterapêutica sobre a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e aspectos biopsicosociais em mães de prematuros: estudo randomizado
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2019-06-10
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Background: Mothers of preterm infants often have symptoms of anxiety, depression, fatigue, and changes in quality of life. Anxiety and depression are recognized as risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases and are associated with low rates of Heart Rate Variability. These contribute to the imbalance of the Autonomic Nervous System and compromise neurocardial integrity. There is a paucity of studies that evaluate the influence of the interventional intervention in mothers in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit on the autonomic control of heart rate. Heart Rate Variability has been described as a tool with important quantitative indices for the evaluation of the autonomic modulation of the Heart Rate. It is believed that the Music Therapy intervention promotes an increase in the Heart Rate Variability indexes and a decrease in the symptoms of depression, anxiety, fatigue and improvement of the quality of life. Objective: To analyze the influence of music therapy on the indexes of heart rate variability, anxiety, depression, quality of life and fatigue in mothers of severe preterm infants. Methodology: Randomized clinical trial with mothers of infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Dona Iris Hospital and Maternity Hospital, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. The mothers (25.8 ± 4.5 years in the Music Therapy Group and 26.2 ± 7.1 years in the Control Group) were randomized in a control group and a group with interventional intervention on a weekly basis throughout the hospitalization period of the preterm infant. The participants were submitted to a sociodemographic questionnaire, Chalder's Fatigue Scale, Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey, depression and anxiety scale (Beck scales); and uptake of Heart Rate Variability (for 15 minutes) after that moment the Music Therapy Group was submitted to the intervention and at the end of the hospitalization the reevaluation occurred. Results: The participants of the Music Therapy Group had an average of seven music therapy sessions and showed significant improvement in the Effect Size (0.519), depression (Effect Size: 0.483), quality of life in the pain (p = 0.006) and emotional well-being (p = 0.041) and autonomic indexes of the time domain (p <0.05). Negative and significant correlations were found between depression and parasympathetic modulation from the linear analysis (r = -0.687, p = 0.028) and non-linear (r = -0.689; p = 0.027) in the Music Therapy Group and among the different subdomains of Fatigue and Quality of life in both groups in the initial and final moments. Conclusion: Music therapy has been instrumental in reducing the symptoms of anxiety and depression, improving quality of life (pain and mental health) and parasympathetic modulation in mothers of premature infants. The results are relevant because they influence the emotional and neurocardic state and act in the prevention of the risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases.
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Musicoterapia , Cuidador , Frequência cardiaca , Ansiedade , Depressão , Fadiga , Qualidade de vida , Music therapy , Caregiver , Heart rate , Anxiety , Depression , Fatigue , Quality of life
Citação
RIBEIRO, M. K. A. Influência da intervenção musicoterapêutica sobre a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e aspectos biopsicosociais em mães de prematuros: estudo randomizado. 2019. 183 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2019.