Práticas de autocuidado de pessoas com úlceras venosas: utilização da teoria de enfermagem de Orem
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2014-04-30
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Self-care is addressed to prevent problems, maintenance, control and recovery of health. Thus, the appropriation of Orem’s Theory Self-care by the nurses help to explain self-care practices development and based on this plan, nursing systems and methods needed to help to increase the capacity of people for therapeutic self-care. People with venous ulcers require nursing care and the available research does not provide insight into the self-care practices to this group. The objective in this study is to analyze self-care practices of people with venous ulcers. It was also proposed to identify the information provided by the participants from the health professional guidelines regarding the treatment of injury, identifying these professionals as a source of guidance for treatment for venous ulcers, and the correspondence with actions taken by people with ulcers, such as players in self-care practices, and finally, the attendance rate of this. This is a longitudinal study with cross-sectional descriptive study of quantitative approach, held in Goiânia, Goiás from August 2012 to April 2013. From167 people with vascular ulcers identified in a previous study, after verification of eligibility criteria, 41 were included. Individual interview was done and monitoring of scheduled appearances to dressing rooms in four basic health units. Analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. For the analysis of self-care practices, the actions were compared with the literature and Orem's theory (1995) and for analysis of the correspondence between the practices cited as recommended by professionals and implemented by people's actions were classified into five types according to their nature (desirable or not) and origin (linked or not professional guidance). The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of UFG, protocol 101/2010. Among the participants, they were male (56.1%), 60 years old (51.2%), less than seven years of school (75.6%) and income from one to three minimum wages (80, 4%). All of them reported at least two health self-care practices due to venous ulcers, although these have proved incomplete and / or misleading. The professional guidelines were superficial and sometimes misleading, and the doctor was the professional as a source of guidance. Among the factors, the pain was the limiting factor for most of self-care requirements of health disorders, and for some, the most significant factor. Regarding monitoring , 76.9% were attended by more than 80% of appointments made by the professionals of the dressing rooms. The results show the necessity to reflect about factors that influence the nurse's role in supporting people with venous ulcers for the development of self-care ability, updating professionals in general about treatment and dialogue among professionals for integrated care.
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CARNEIRO, D. A. Práticas de autocuidado de pessoas com úlceras venosas: utilização da teoria de enfermagem de Orem. 2014. 174 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Enfermagem) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2014.