Frequência do polimorfismo -420C/G (rs1862513) do gene da resistina na população de Jataí-GO e correlação com a obesidade

Abstract

Obesity is currently considered a serious public health problem, especially as it plays a relevant role in the pathophysiology of various diseases. The influence of obesity on some metabolic disorders has been attributed to the ability of adipose tissue cells to produce various proinflammatory cytokines such as resistin (RETN). Recent studies have shown that genes encoding this protein may have genetic alterations potentially related to the predisposition to obesity. Objective: The objective of this study was to demonstrate the association between the -420C> G (rs1862513) polymorphism of the gene encoding RETN and obesity in a sample ofadults residing in the city of Jataí - GO, Brazil. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 117 adults of both sexes, living in Jataí city and surrounding municipalities. Physiological data and anthropometric measurements were obtained and used to classify individuals according to body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference (CA), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), as well as laboratory data of lipid profile and fasting blood glucose. Polymorphisms were identified from DNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells by the PCR-RFLP technique. Samples whose DNA extraction or PCR-FRLP technique were not successful were excluded from the study, so that the correlations between the anthropometric and laboratory data with the genotypes found were performed with an N = 72. Statistical analyzes were performed to determine if and which genotype is associated with obesity. Results: Regarding the characterization of the sample, it was observed that 57% had BMI ≥ 25kg / m2 and 51% had abdominal circumference considered as an increased or very increased risk for obesity. There was a positive correlation between BMI, CA and SBP. Regarding the genomic profile of the RETN -420 C <G polymorphism, it was possible to observe that there was no statistical difference between the polymorphism studied and the variables gender, color / race, BMI and lipid profile. Regarding the CA classifications, the frequency of the C / C genotype was 50% in the population with a much increased risk, presenting a statistically significant difference when compared to the other groups, both in the analysis through the codominant model (C / C; C / G, G / G) and in the dominant model (C / C, C / G + G / G). Conclusion: This research suggests that wild-type C allele is related to increased abdominal adiposity. The increase of this adiposity in turn, pre-disposes to the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. Although no correlation was found between the genomic model and the BMI, this research does not exclude the possibility of a correlation between this gene and obesity, requiring further research, with larger sample sizes and associations with other polymorphisms capable of clarifying the role of adipokine resistance in obesity.