A origem e a estruturação das assembleias de aves da infraordem Furnariides ao longo do tempo e do espaço: o papel dos processos históricos
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2017-06-07
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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One of the major challenges in biology is to understand the processes that originate and maintain of species diversity, and that in turn, determinate the observed patterns of biological diversity at different spatial and temporal scales. Here, we explore the historical processes that generate the species diversity and the assembly of local assemblages of Furnariides, the largest bird continental endemic radiation. In general, we used data of geographic distribution, local assemblages, life history (e.g., habitat preference) and molecular phylogenies. Furnariides diversified mainly during the Tertiary period, period in which South America was an island continent. Also, they are tightly related with the habitat that they occupy, where, the forest habitats represent the ancestral habitat for this clade. The Furnariides species richness pattern follows the same species richness pattern of birds in general, with a higher concentration of species at low latitudes and in forest habitats. Although the concentration of species is higher in these regions, the regions at higher latitudes and of open habitats, present rapid rates of speciation, extinction and colonization, suggesting that these habitats represent an effective arena for diversification in the Neotropics, and that are important for the maintenance of species diversity in forest habitats. Finally, the phylogenetic structure of assemblages of Furnariides, is influenced for the habitat preferences, and that the assembly of local assemblages is determined by the combined effect of historical colonisation and local extinction, as well as, the niche conservatism and environmental filtering.
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LEDEZMA, Jesús Nazareno Pinto. A origem e a estruturação das assembleias de aves da infraordem Furnariides ao longo do tempo e do espaço: o papel dos processos históricos. 2017. 187 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ecologia e Evolução) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.