Immunoproteomic approach of extracellular antigens from Paracoccidioides species reveals exclusive B-cell epitopes
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2020
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Resumo
Fungi of the Paracoccidioides genus are the etiological agents of
paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), a systemic mycosis restricted to the countries of Latin
America. Currently, the Paracoccidioides complex is represented by Paracoccidioides
lutzii, Paracoccidioides americana, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Paracoccidioides
restrepiensis, and Paracoccidioides venezuelensis. Even with advances in techniques
used for diagnosing fungal diseases, high rates of false-positive results for PCM are
still presented. Additionally, there is no efficient antigen that can be used to follow up
the efficiency of patient treatment. The immunoproteomic is considered a powerful
tool for the identification of antigens. In addition, antigens are molecules recognized
by the immune system, which make them excellent targets for diagnostic testing of
diseases caused by microorganisms. In this vein, we investigated which antigens are
secreted by species representing Paracoccidioides complex to increase the spectrum
of molecules that could be used for future diagnostic tests, patient follow-up, or
PCM therapy. To identify the profile of antigens secreted by Paracoccidioides spp.,
immunoproteomic approaches were used combining immunoprecipitation, followed
by antigen identification by nanoUPLC-MSE
-based proteomics. Consequently, it was
possible to verify differences in the exoantigen profiles present among the studied
species. Through a mass spectrometry approach, it was possible to identify 79
exoantigens in Paracoccidioides species. Using bioinformatics tools, two unique
exoantigens in P. lutzii species were identified, as well as 44 epitopes exclusive
to the Paracoccidioides complex and 12 unique antigenic sequences that can
differentiate between Paracoccidioides species. Therefore, these results demonstrate
that Paracoccidioides species have a range of B-cell epitopes exclusive to the complex
as well as specific to each Paracoccidioides species. In addition, these analyses allowed
us the identification of excellent biomarker candidates for epidemiology screening,
diagnosis, patient follow-up, as well as new candidates for PCM therapy.
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Paracoccidioides spp., Antigens secreted, Epitopes, Diagnostic, Mass spectrometry
Citação
MOREIRA, André Luís Elias Moreira et al. Immunoproteomic approach of extracellular antigens from Paracoccidioides species reveals exclusive B-cell epitopes. Frontiers in Microbiology, Lausanne, v. 10, e2968, 2020. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02968. Disponível em: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02968/full. Acesso em: 8 ago. 2024.