Estruturação genética na escala de paisagem
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Data
2009-12
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Conservação Internacional
Resumo
The increase availability of many georefereences databanks at regional scale, associated with many recently developed molecular markers and innovations in spatial data analysis techniques resulted in a great advance in our ability to study the influence of explanatory variables measured at landscape scale in the determination of population genetic variation. As a consequence, a new approach emerged, by integrating landscape ecology, spatial statistics and population genetics (Landscape genetics), improving the more traditional studies of population genetics. This new approach uses analyses that allow a direct test of how environment creates genetic discontinuities and drives population genetics structures. There are many basic and applied questions that can be studied with this new approach, but in all cases an important issue is that answering them require a much better sampling within and among local populations, which is currently performed in an opportunistic way. In this paper I used some of the methodologies developed in the context of landscape genetics to evaluate population structure of Physalaemus cuvieri (Anura: Leptodactylidae) in Cerrado, based on RAPD molecular markers and relating the patterns found with patterns of human occupation in the Goiás State. It was possible to detect a clear population structure in data, and analyses of genetic discontinuities showed that it is associated to elements of human occupation throughout the region. Taking all evidence into account, it
was possible to establish in a more effective way intraspecific operational units for conservation.
Although landscape genetic studies are still recent, it is expected that advances in this new area
will depend on the development of new methods, as well as a better sampling of new genetic data
that can be analyzed using such techniques of spatial analyses and landscape ecology. Thus, there
is currently a diversity of terms, methods and ideas being formalized and only when population geneticists, landscape ecologists and spatial statisticians are able to freely communicate, making available well-developed and applied tools, landscape genetics will be considered a new and independent discipline.
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Variabilidade genética, Estrutura genética
Citação
TELLES, Mariana Pires de Campos; BASTOS, Rogério Pereira. Estruturação genética na escala de paisagem. Megadiversidade, Belo Horizonte, v. 5, n.1-2, p. 101-110, dez. 2009.