Qualidade de tomates de mesa cultivados em sistema orgânico e convencional no estado de Goiás
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Data
2013-12
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Resumo
Organic agriculture is a cultivation method that looks for the
establishment of agricultural systems balanced and ecologically
stable, economically productive and highly efficient. The objective of
this work was to evaluate the physical, physico-chemical and sensory
characteristics of tomato cultivars for fresh consumption grown on
organic and conventional systems. Two experiments were carried
out; on the first ten cultivars were grown under organic system and
fruits at maturity stages 3 (when they presented 60 to 90% of pink-
red color or red peel) were evaluated for physical, physicochemical
and sensorial characteristics. On the second experiment, cultivar
Deborah produced in organic and conventional systems was compared
based on the same characteristics. The highest levels of soluble
solids (SS) were observed in cultivars Milenium, Andréa and Tathy
1, followed by Giovanna 1, Colibri, Débora, Setcopa and Bonus 1.
The cultivars Colibri, Andréa, Thaty 1, Débora and Setcopa had the
lowest values for total acidity (AT) and they did not differ (p>0.05),
among themselves, neither from cultivars Bonus-1 and Stillus. The
cultivars Andréa and Tathy 1 had the highest ratio SS/TA and did not
differ (p>0.05) from cultivars Débora, Setcopa and Colibri. Debora,
when cultivated in the organic system was more preferred on attribute
texture (tenderness), external and internal color, besides presenting
a lower acidity, higher SS/TA ratio and density. It is concluded that
the most outstanding, in terms of producer (greater mass and density)
requirements, were the cultivars Setcopa, Milenium, Giovanna
1, Stillus, Thaty 1 and Colibri, while for the consumer, whose
requirements are more focused on sensory and physico-chemical
aspects (color, aroma, flavor, texture, soluble solids and acidity),
cultivars Deborah, Bonus-1, Andrea, Setcopa, Stillus, Thaty 1 and
Colibri stood out. Cultivar Deborah had lower mass, volume and
longitudinal diameter when grown in organic system, as well as higher
soluble solids and lower acidity, which resulted in greater acceptance
for aroma, flavor and texture by consumers.
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Palavras-chave
Solanum lycopersicon, Análise sensorial, Cultivar, Análise físico-química, Agricultura orgânica, Solanum lycopersicon, Cultivar, Sensory analysis, Organic agriculture, Physicochemical analysis
Citação
NASCIMENTO, Abadia dos R.; SOARES JÚNIOR, Manoel S.; CALIARI, Márcio; FERNANDES, Paulo M.; RODRIGUES, Janaína P. M.; CARVALHO, Webber T. de. Qualidade de tomates de mesa cultivados em sistema orgânico e convencional no estado de Goiás. Horticultura Brasileira, Brasília, v. 31, n. 4, p. 628-635, out./dez. 2013.