Prevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and vertical transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in patients from basic units of health from Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil, from 2012 to 2014
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2015-11
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Introduction
Toxoplasmosis is a parasitary disease that presents high rates of gestational and congenital
infection worldwide being therefore considered a public health problem and a neglected
disease.
Objective
To determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis amongst pregnant women and vertical trans-
mission of Toxoplasma gondii in their newborns attended in the Basic Units of Health (BUH)
from the city of Gurupi, state of Tocantins, Brazil.
Methods
A prevalence study was performed, including 487 pregnant women and their newborns
attended in the BUH of the urban zone of the city of Gurupi, state of Tocantins, Brazil, during
the period from February 2012 to February 2014. The selection of the pregnant women
occurred by convenience. In the antenatal admission they were invited to participate in this
study. Three samples of peripheral blood were collected for the detection of specific anti-
T. gondii IgG, IgM and IgA through ELISA, for the polimerase chain reaction (PCR) and IgG
avidity during pregnancy. When IgM antibodies were detected the fetal and newborn infec-
tion investigation took place. The newborn was investigated right after birth and after one
year of age through serology and PCR to confirm/exclude the vertical transmission. The
analyses were performed in the Studies of the Host-Parasite Relationship Laboratory
(LAERPH, IPTSP-UFG), Goiania, state of Goias, Brazil. The results were inserted in a data
bank in Epi-Info 3.3.2 statistic software in which the analysis was performed with p 5%.
PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0141700 November 11, 2015
1 / 15Prevalence of Gestational and Congenital Toxoplasmosis From Gurupi
Results
The toxoplasmosis infection was detected in 68.37% (333/487, CI95%: 64.62–72.86). The
toxoplasmosis chronic infection prevalence was of 63.03% (307/487, CI95%: 58.74–67.32).
The prevalence of maternal acute infection was of 5.33% (26/487; CI95%: 3.3–7.3) sus-
pected by IgM antibodies detection in the peripheral blood. The prevalence of confirmed
vertical transmission was of 28% (7/25; CI95%: 10.4–45.6).
Conclusions
These results show an elevated prevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and verti-
cal transmission of T. gondii in the city of Gurupi, state of Tocantins, Brazil.
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SILVA, Marcos Gontijo da; VINAUD, Marina Clare; CASTRO, Ana Maria de. Prevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and vertical transmission of toxoplasma gondii in patients from basic units of health from Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil, from 2012 to 2014. Plos One, San Francisco, v. 10, n. 11, e0141700, Nov. 2015.