Impacto da substituição de sal comum por sal light sobre a pressão arterial de pacientes hipertensos
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Data
2014
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Background: Studies have shown sodium restriction to have a beneficial effect on blood pressure (BP) of hypertensive patients.
Objective: To evaluate the impact of light salt substitution for regular salt on BP of hypertensive patients.
Methods: Uncontrolled hypertensive patients of both sexes, 20 to 65 years-old, on stable doses of antihypertensive drugs were randomized
into Intervention Group (IG – receiving light salt) and Control Group (CG – receiving regular salt). Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were
analyzed by using casual BP measurements and Home Blood Pressure Monitoring (HBPM), and sodium and potassium excretion was assessed
on 24-hour urine samples. The patients received 3 g of salt for daily consumption for 4 weeks.
Results: The study evaluated 35 patients (65.7% women), 19 allocated to the IG and 16 to the CG. The mean age was 55.5 ± 7.4 years. Most
participants had completed the Brazilian middle school (up to the 8th grade; n = 28; 80.0%), had a family income of up to US$ 600 (n = 17;
48.6%) and practiced regular physical activity (n = 19; 54.3%). Two patients (5.7%) were smokers and 40.0% consumed alcohol regularly
(n = 14). The IG showed a significant reduction in both SBP and DBP on the casual measurements and HBPM (p < 0.05) and in sodium
excretion (p = 0.016). The CG showed a significant reduction only in casual SBP (p = 0.032).
Conclusions: The light salt substitution for regular salt significantly reduced BP of hypertensive patients.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Hipertensão, Sódio, Pressão arterial, Dieta, Hypertension, Sodium, Blood pressure, Diet
Citação
BARROS, Carolina Lôbo de Almeida et al. Impacto da substituição de sal comum por sal light sobre a pressão arterial de pacientes hipertensos. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, Rio de Janeiro, v. 104, n. 2, p. 128-135, 2014.