Prevalência, fatores de risco e genótipos da hepatite C entre usuários de drogas
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Data
2009
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Resumo
OBJECTIVE: To estimate prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and
identify risk factors associated and circulating HCV genotypes and subtypes.
METHODS: Study conducted including 691 drug users attending 26 charitable,
private and public drug treatment centers in Goiânia and Campo Grande, centralwestern Brazil, between 2005 and 2006. Sociodemographic characteristics
and risk factors for HCV infection were collected during interviews. Blood
samples were tested for HCV antibodies (anti-HCV). Positive samples were
submitted to HCV RNA detection by PCR with primers complementary to
5’ NC and NS5B regions of viral genome and genotyped by line probe assay
(LiPA) and direct nucleotide sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis.
The prevalence and odds ratio were calculated with 95% confi dence intervals.
Risk factors were fi rst estimated in the univariate analysis (p<0.10) and then
analyzed by hierarchical logistic regression. Statistical signifi cance was assessed
at a 5% signifi cance level.
RESULTS: The prevalence of anti-HCV was 6.9% (95% CI: 5.2–9.2). The
multivariate analysis of risk factors revealed that age over 30 years and injecting
drug use were associated with HCV infection. HCV RNA was detected in 85.4%
(41/48) of anti-HCV-positive samples. Thirty-three samples were genotyped
as genotype 1 by LiPA, subtypes 1a (63.4%) and 1b (17.1%), and 8 samples
(19.5%) were genotype 3, subtype 3a. The phylogenetic analysis of the NS5B
region showed that 17 (68%), 5 (20%), and 3 (12%) samples were subtypes
1a, 3a, and 1b, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: The results show a high prevalence of HCV infection and
predominance of subtype 1a among drug users in Brazil. In addition, injecting
drug use was a major risk factor associated with HCV infection.
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Palavras-chave
Hepatite C, Anticorpos anti-hepatite C, Hepacivirus genética, Abuso de substâncias por via intravenosa, Uso comum de agulhas e seringas, Fatores de risco, Estudos soroepidemiológicos, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis C antibodies diagnostic use, Hepacivirus genetics, Substance abuse intravenous, Needle sharing, Risk factors, Seroepidemiologic studies
Citação
LOPES, Carmen L. R. et al. Prevalência, fatores de risco e genótipos da hepatite C entre usuários de drogas. Revista de Saúde Pública, São Paulo, v. 43, supl. 1, p. 43-50, 2009.