Arte em Herbert Marcuse: formação e resistência à sociedade unidimensional
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2014-04
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Este trabajo es el resultado de un estudio teórico que tuvo como objetivo examinar la contribución de Herbert
Marcuse, autor de la teoría crítica de la sociedad, a pensar en la relación entre el arte, el sujeto y la formación
para la sociedad de la resistencia-dimensional. Se estudiaron los siguientes textos escritos entre 1941 y 1977:
Razón y Revolución (1941/1978), Eros y civilización (1955/1969), La ideología de la sociedad industrial: El
hombre unidimensional (1964/1973), Ideas sobre una teoría crítica de la sociedad (1969/1981) y La dimensión
estética (1977/1999). Para Marcuse, el arte es político, tiene la universalidad, la alteridad, la trascendencia, la
forma estética y la confirmación y la negación de la realidad. El arte es la objetivación y el reconocimiento,
no alienado del trabajo, cumple la sublimación y causa sensibilidad, la diferenciación de la mercancía y de la
publicidad, que se apropian de la cultura, por lo que es vaciarse en su sentido pleno. Mediante el análisis de
la arte en este modo, el autor ha contribuido a una psicología social crítica que revela el arte como mediación
psicosocial para un sujeto inconformado con la racionalidad de la sociedad capitalista.
This paper is the result of a theoretical research that aimed to analyze the contribution of Herbert Marcuse, author of the “Critical Theory of Society”, to the understanding of the relation among art, selfhood and development to resistance towards one-dimensional society. The following texts, written between 1941 and 1977, were studied: Reason and Revolution (1941/1978); Eros and Civilization (1955/1969); One-Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society (1964/1973), Towards a Critical Theory of Society (1969/1981) and The Aesthetic Dimension (1977/1999). To Marcuse, art is political, it has universality, alterity, transcendence, aesthetic form, denial and confirmation of reality. Art is objectification, not an alienated labor; it effects sublimation and induces sensibility, making itself different from merchandise, which appropriates culture, making it empty of its sense. When analyzing art, this author contributed to a critical social psychology that reveals art as a psychosocial mediation to an unsuitable subject.
This paper is the result of a theoretical research that aimed to analyze the contribution of Herbert Marcuse, author of the “Critical Theory of Society”, to the understanding of the relation among art, selfhood and development to resistance towards one-dimensional society. The following texts, written between 1941 and 1977, were studied: Reason and Revolution (1941/1978); Eros and Civilization (1955/1969); One-Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society (1964/1973), Towards a Critical Theory of Society (1969/1981) and The Aesthetic Dimension (1977/1999). To Marcuse, art is political, it has universality, alterity, transcendence, aesthetic form, denial and confirmation of reality. Art is objectification, not an alienated labor; it effects sublimation and induces sensibility, making itself different from merchandise, which appropriates culture, making it empty of its sense. When analyzing art, this author contributed to a critical social psychology that reveals art as a psychosocial mediation to an unsuitable subject.
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Palavras-chave
Psicologia social crítica, Formação profissional, Arte, Sociedade unidimensional, Psicología social crítica, Formación, Arte, Sociedad unidimensional, Critical social psychology, Development, One-dimensional society, Art
Citação
CHAVES, Juliana de Castro; RIBEIRO, Daviane Rodrigues. Arte em Herbert Marcuse: formação e resistência à sociedade unidimensional. Psicologia & Sociedade, Belo Horizonte, v. 26, n. 1, p. 12-21, jan./abr. 2014.