Doutorado em Biologia da Relação Parasito-Hospedeiro (IPTSP)
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Item Identificação de bactérias ambientais obtidas em amostras de água em comunidades quilombolas de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-17) Gama, Aline Rodrigues; Bataus, Luiz Artur Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5637230378599476; Carneiro, Lilian Carla; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6506744224041777; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; Santos, Mônica de Oliveira; Galvão Filho, Arlindo Rodrigues; Moreira, Ellen FláviaWater quality has already been related to only aesthetic and sensory aspects, such as color, odor and taste. Today, in response to advances in understanding the relationship between contaminated water and disease, a series of regulations are proposed by the World Health Organization and the Ministry of Health that regulate the potability of water for human consumption. Based on studies and surveys on the way of life of two quilombola communities located in Aparecida de Goiânia and Silvânia, in the State of Goiás, the present work proposed the verification of the microbiological, physicochemical and toxicological quality of the water consumed by the residents of these communities. For the analyzes, samples of water from artesian wells and cisterns that supply the residences were collected and used for consumption in the Quilombola communities mentioned. A physical-chemical analysis was carried out by means of pH verification, alkalinity, hardness, physicality, turbidity, nitrate concentration and potentially toxic metals. The process of demonstration for a microbiological analysis began with the detection of coliforms followed by iso-regulation and phenotypic identification of isolated colonies, with the final recognition of two genera / species, which were subsequently submerged in the analysis of antibiotic resistance profile. The DNA of two bacterial isolates has been extracted and used for amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. A comparison between the results obtained from the phenotypic identification and the ones based on the genomic sequence was carried out. In addition, at hyperspectral image (HSI) two isolates were obtained in camara SWIR, for classification, based on spectral signature. The results show that, as we have obtained, the Quilombola community of Aparecida de Goiânia has 16 bacterial isolates, considering that Klebsiella pneumoniae was more frequent (four isolates) with the collected points; followed by Escherichia coli (three isolated). As we have collected from the community of Silvânia, we show that there are no significant values for physicochemical analyzes and potentially toxic metals. The microbiological data showed 32 isolates, weaning, Acinetobacter lwoffii was a species more frequent (nine isolates), followed by Staphylococcus auricularis (seven isolates), with a large number of bacteria showing resistance to multiple antibiotics. Expressive were the differences generated between a phenotypic identification and genomic sequences; less than 20% two isolates achieved gender level agreement. It was possible, by means of HSI analyzes, to separate the bacterial isolates in different groups, and is not a group of isolates, in genus and species. Based on the technique used, there were no significant values for the physical-chemical and potentially toxic metal analyzes. Based on two observed results, it becomes important to perform actions, by the public power, that aim to improve water quality and in consequence of the life quality of people that live in studied communities. In addition, the use of appropriate methodologies for identifying environmentallybased bacteria, not being confidential or using phenotypic characteristics, is highlighted. Through the need for bacterial identification methodologies, it is considered that or use of HSI for this purpose, it will briefly be a common practice, for the construction of more robust data banks.Item Situação atual de mães cronicamente infectadas pelo tripanosoma cruzi no estado de Goiás e triagem sorológica para infecção congênita em recém-nascidos pelo teste do pezinho na região metropolitana de Goiânia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-07-28) Gomes, Taynara Cristina; Castro, Ana Maria de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9232309971000621; Castro, Ana Maria de; Soares, Joanna D’arc Aparecida Herzog; Alves, Daniela de Sousa Mendes MoreiraThe congenital transmission is considered one of the main pathways of Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Retrospective studies of pregnant women population with Chagas disease (CD) allow the study of the epidemiological profile of this population which contributes to the knowledge of the congenital CD prevalence in Brazil. This study evaluated the triage of T. cruzi congenital infection in new-borns through the newborn screening aiming the precocious detection of congenital transmission as well as its retrospective analysis of the seroepidemiological profile of the infected pregnant women dwelling in Goias State in a period of three years (2013-2015). The retrospective study used the data base of the Association of Parents and Friends of Special Needs Individuals (APAE) of Goiania. The analysis showed that the prevalence of CD infected pregnant women from 0.24% to 0.17%, with a decrease throughout the years. Most of these pregnant women had ≥31 years old, which is in accordance with the success of Triatoma infestans vectorial transmission control and transfusional control programmes, improvement in dwellings and better efficacy in diagnostics and therapeutics. The prospective study used the IFI and ELISA techniques for serology and filter paper detection. A total of 967 samples of dry blood in filter paper were collected in three public health units in Goiania and Aparecida de Goiania. From these samples 19 (1.96%) which were collected in filter paper from newborns were from mothers who declared to have CD. Results showed that 8 (42%) from the 19 samples were reagent to IgG anti-T. cruzi in both technique used. Peripheral blood was collected in seven mothers and their respective children. The serum samples were analyzed and the results confirmed IgG positive serology anti-T. cruzi with rates and titulation similar between mother and their respective newborn. Also there was accordance between the serology and the filter paper results which validates this strategy in the newborn screening triage from children from chronically infected mother. This study highlights the importance of the prenatal and neonatal care that precociously identifies the T. cruzi infection and also of programmes of health education about CD to the pregnant women population.