Mestrado em Biodiversidade Vegetal (ICB)
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Navegando Mestrado em Biodiversidade Vegetal (ICB) por Por Orientador "Rezende, Maria Helena"
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Item Morfologia, micromorfologia e anatomia de nectários extraflorais em espécies de Senna mill. e chamaecrista moench (leguminosae, cassinae)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-08-01) Cunha, Alex de Lima; Gonçalves, Letícia de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7382650435948677; Rezende, Maria Helena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5093753722360659; Rezende, Maria Helena; Silva, Marcos José da; Silva, Kellen Lagares FerreiraMorphology, Micromorphology and Extrafloral Nectaries Anatomy in species of Senna Mill. and Chamaecrista Moench (Leguminosae, Cassinae). Extrafloral Nectaries (EFN) are nectar-secreting structures present in vegetative organs of various plant families. The EFN were identified in 113 families of Angiosperms, wherein Leguminosae was described with the greatest number of species with extrafloral nebulous in the world. The extrafloral nectaries’ shape and arrangement in plant organs are some of the effective tools that contribute to the taxonomic delimitation of several families of Angiosperms, especially the Leguminosae. This study aimed to carry out the morpho-anatomical, micromorphological and histochemical analysis of the extrafloral nectaries in Senna and Chamaecrista species, belonging to the subtribe Cassinae (Leguminosae). The plant material was collected in the following parks: Parque Estadual da Serra Dourada, Parque Estadual da Serra dos Pireneus and Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros in the state of Goiás. The leaf samples containing EFN were subjected to photonic microtechniques and electronic scanning. We studied 17 taxa containing structured and high EFN arranged mainly in the leaves, and classified into eight different forms, ranging from sessile to stipitate. It has been found that the EFN location and shape of the studied species are a useful tool in group taxonomy, especially the generic level, since in Senna the EFN are located, usually in the rachis, the foliolar inserts, presenting conical, digitiform, fusiform, globular and ovoid, whereas in the Chamaecrista EFN are usually petiole, pateliform, obovoid and caliciform. The EFN varieties of C. desvauxii were studied in their anatomical structures and exhibited some similarities in the anatomical and histochemical organization. However, some characteristics distinguish themselves and can be used in the taxonomy of species, such as the nectariferous parenchyma presence in the NEF edge of Chamaecrista desvauxii var. peronadenia, feature not observed in other varieties; subnectariferous parenchyma cells elongated anticlinally in varieties Chamaecrista desvauxii var. langisdorffii and Chamaecrista desvauxii var. peronadenia; besides the occurrence of nucleated sclereids associated with vascular tissues in Chamaecrista desvauxii var. molissima. This study contributes to new information on the EFN species because the literature did not present information on the secreted chemical nature as well as its structural organization, confirming that the present secretory structures are really EFN.Item Morfoanatomia dos órgãos vegetativos de Chrysolaena simplex (Less) Dematt. E Lessingianthus buddleiifolius (Mart. ex DC.) H. Rob. (Asteraceae) em ambientes rupestres da Serra Dourada, Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-10-01) Santos, Vanessa Sardinha dos; Rezende, Maria Helena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5093753722360659; Rezende, Maria Helena; Pinna, Gladys Flávia de Albuquerque Melo de; Gonçalves, Letícia de AlmeidaAsteraceae is one of the most common families of cerrado herbs and subshrubs. Plants in this family vary widely in structure in response to environmental conditions. The present study aimed to characterize the morphoanatomy and histochemistry of aerial and underground organs of Chrysolaena simplex (Less.) Dematt and Lessingianthus buddleiifolius (Mart. ex DC.) H. Rob., assess the occurrence of certain classes of secondary metabolites through phytochemical analyses, and study the effects of seasonality on morpho-anatomical and physiological traits. The study was carried out in an area of campo rupestre in the Reserva Biológica Prof. José Ângelo Rizzo of Universidade Federal de Goiás, inside Parque Estadual da Serra Dourada (PESD). Adult individuals of C. simplex and L. buddleiifolius were collected in the dry and rainy seasons. Samples were analyzed using standard techniques of plant anatomy and scanning electron microscopy. Fresh material was used for histochemical tests. The phytochemical analysis used standard reactions to detect classes of secondary metabolites. C. simplex e L. buddleiifolius had similar anatomical traits, such as amphistomatic leaves, monostratified epidermis, thin cuticle, glandular and non-glandular trichomes, anisocytic stomata, dorsiventral mesophyll, collateral vascular bundles and hydathodes. Histochemical tests identified the presence of lipophilic substances and phenolic compounds in the studied species. Phytochemical screening of leaf and stem samples detected the presence of steroids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and coumarins in both species. In contrast, saponins were only found in L. buddleiifolius. Seasonality affected the morpho-anatomy of the species studied, revealing their great phenotypic plasticity. The underground system of C. simplex was a rhizophore, while the system of L. buddleiifolius was a xylopodium. Secretory ducts were found in the adventitious roots of C. simplex, whereas the roots of L. buddleiifolius had secretory endodermis. Both species had lipophilic substances and inulin crystals. Crystals were observed in the entire rhizophore of C. simplex, but exclusively in the roots of L. buddleiifolius. The phytochemical analysis of the underground systems revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins and coumarins, but steroids and triterpenoids were only detected in C. simplex.Item Morfoanatomia de órgãos vegetativos aéreos e sistemas subterrâneos de Ichthyothere mollis Baker. e Jungia floribunda less. (asteraceae) ocorrentes no cerrado rupestre do estado de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-06-25) Souza, Vinicius Pina; Rezende, Maria Helena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5093753722360659The Cerrado is a biome characterized by climatic seasonality and by the diversity of species and physiognomies, including them, the cerrado rupestre with herbaceous-subshrubs strata and water deficit. Among the families of wide distribution in Cerrado Asteraceae stands out as an important representative of the cerrado rupestre. The present study aimed to analyze the anatomy, histochemistry and phytochemistry of the aerial vegetative and underground systems organs of Ichthyothere mollis Baker. and Jungia floribunda Less. (Asteraceae) as well as evaluate quantitatively anatomical variations in due to the seasonality of the environment where the species occur. The collections were made in the Reserva Biológica Prof. José Ângelo Rizzo of Universidade Federal de Goiás, inside Parque Estadual da Serra Dourada (PESD) located in the municipalities of Mossâmedes, Goiás and Buriti de Goiás, during the dry and rainy seasons, and subjected to the usual techniques in plant anatomy. Features common to both species were identified, such as thin cuticle, epicuticular striations, tector and glandular trichomes, anisocytic and anomocytic stomata, dorsiventral mesophyll, collateral vascular bundles, secretory ducts and hydathodes. Otherwise, I. mollis has amphistomatic leaves and J. floribunda hypostomatic leaves and druses. In both species flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoid, lignin and lipophilic substances were detected. Quantitative analysis of the parameters of the leaf blade enabled us to verify that the species have plasticity. The underground system of I. mollis is a bud-bearing xylopodium with root buds and J. floribunda a xylopodium with tuberous roots, in both species, xylopodium comprises a bud-bearing lignified axis. Secretory ducts were found in the xylopodium and roots; in the roots lipophilic substances and phenolic compounds were detected. Both underground systems of the species analyzed inulin-type fructans are mainly located in cells of the secondary xylem. Some features observed in aerial vegetative organs and underground systems may be related to adaptation and/or tolerance of these plants to cerrado rupestre.