Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Vegetal
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Navegando Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Vegetal por Por Orientador "Ribeiro, Dalva Graciano"
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Item Delimitação de táxons do complexo Manihot pentaphylla Pohl (Euphorbiacae Juss.) com base em dados morfológicos e anatômicos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-03-14) Azevedo, Elifalete Serafim; Silva, Marcos José da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9449484790926524; Ribeiro, Dalva Graciano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5330699702723299; Ribeiro, Dalva Graciano; Meira, Renata Maria Strozi Alves; Ferreira, Heleno DiasManihot Mill belongs to Euphorbiaceae Juss. With more than 100 neotropical species, of which 65 were reported for the Brazilian Cerrado. The genus presents a complex taxonomy, still little studied, with taxa differentiated by subtle characters, constituting, therefore, complexes of difficult delimitation. One of these complexes is represented by Manihot pentaphylla Pohl, a species that currently circumscribes four subspecies: M. pentaphylla subsp. pentaphylla; M. pentaphylla subsp. tenuifolia; M. pentaphylla subsp. rigidula and M. pentaphylla subsp. graminifolia. These taxa were previously described as distinct species and later inserted at the subspecies level, however, these taxa, besides growing in a biome that has little known flora and that suffers constant devastation, present differences in morphological characters preserved and useful in the delimitation of taxa in the genus, such as: habit and growth orientation, conformation of bracts and bractolas and inflorescence, which means that knowledge of these species becomes necessary. Since anatomical studies have provided useful information on the taxonomic delimitation of species , the objective of this study was to provide anatomical data of the M. pentaphylla complex to support the delimitation of its infraspecific categories, and present a morphological approach, where the taxa are described and related. For this, botanical collections and morphological descriptions of the taxa were carried out, anatomical analysis under optical microscope and scanning electron microscope and histochemical tests. Transverse sections of the stem and leaf of the longitudinal taxa and taxa were obtained only from the stem and the petiole. The taxa showed significant anatomical differences of taxonomic value such as: contour and number of vascular bundles on the petiole, contour and number of vascular bundles of the central vein, type of mesophyll, epidermis formed by papillary cells, distribution and type of stomata and epicuticular wax pattern. The shape of the leaf blade (whether arched or straight) and the edge (revolute or non-revolute), presence of gelatinous fibers, presence/absence of cuticular streaks among others also provided valuable information to differentiate species. Morphologically, the taxa showed differences in habit and appearance, type of inflorescence, shape and integrity of bracts and bractoles, among others. Finally, based on the morphological and anatomical characters described and compared here, we believe that the studied taxa have satisfactory differences to raise them at the species level.Item Aechmea bromeliifolia (Rudge) Baker (Bromeliaceae) cultivada in vitro e ex vitro: morfologia, anatomia e ultraestrutura(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-31) Silva, Elienai Candida e; Gonçalves, Letícia de Almeida; Ribeiro, Dalva Graciano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5330699702723299; Gonçalves, Letícia de Almeida; Carneiro, Renê da Silva Gonçalves; Sibov, Sérgio TadeuIn vitro-grown plants have functional characteristics that difficult their survival when transferred directly from in vitro conditions to the natural environment, thus needing of acclimatization. Structural and phyisiological characteristic of the plants grown in vitro and ex vitro are important for technical adjustments and contribute to further information about the phenotypic plasticity of the plants exposed to different environmental conditions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the morphology, anatomy and ultrastructure of Aechmea bromeliifolia (Rudge) Baker grown in vitro under different sealing lids of test tubes, and acclimatized. A. bromeliifolia is on ornamental species and therefore, the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) has accomplished studies aiming to propagation in vitro. Plants cultured in vitro in test tubes with three sealing lids were analyzed: polypropylene rigid closure (PC), polyvinyl chloride film (PVC) and PC covered with a microporous membrane (PM). For comparison, plants germinated from seeds in a screen house were also analyzed. The acclimatized plants were maintained in a greenhouse under controlled conditions and were evaluated after 11 months. The in situ-grown plants were used for comparison. Among the in vitro-grown plants, those grown in tubes sealed with PM are more similar to those grown in screen house, mainly on opening of the stomata and chloroplasts ultrastructural. In the leaves of acclimatized plants some morphological and anatomical characteristics are different from those that occur in the leaves of in situ-grown plants: fibers associated to the vascular bundles have less wall thickness and the hypodermic fibers are organized into least number of layers in addition, they also less wall thickness. Moreover, the stomata occurs less depth in the epidermis in the leaves developed in the greenhouse. However, considering that most morphological, anatomical and ultrastructural characteristics of the leaves of the acclimatized plants are similar to those that occur in the leaves of in situ-grown plants, is possible concluded that the acclimatization process and the greenhouse environmental did not restrict its development, result that favoring the establishment of these plants in natural environmental.