Navegando por Assunto "geoprocessamento"
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Item Processos erosivos lineares nas bacias dos Rios Claro e dos Bois, afluentes do Rio Araguaia no Estado de Goiás: relações com a cobertura vegetal e uso da terra(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-19) BARBALHO, Maria Gonçalves da Silva; CASTRO, Selma Simões de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4460827622247417The pattern of land use and occupation of the Cerrado associated with the expansion of the agricultural frontier, in the last 40 years, has been interpreted as causing environmental impacts observed him during this period, especially those related to intensive deforestation and indiscriminate use of areas with soils with low or null agricultural capability, although capable of extensive pastures. The Erosion processes have been described as the most significant, positioned after the remarkable loss of biodiversity, the most important and extensive in area. The present thesis analyzes the relationship between the land use valued at historical series started in the decade of 1975, agricultural suitability of land use pattern and the erosion and silting sites of the two combined basins for purposes of this study, called basins of the rivers Claro and Bois, tributaries of the upper Araguaia river in the state of Goiás. This area was considered in previous studies as the most affected by deforestation among the five sub-basins that make up the upper Araguaia river basin. The research was based an integrated analysis of the physical environment and biota components of the focus area, with base on remote sensing and GIS and pedotransfer criteria. The results are presented as scientific papers and reveal that the most intensive phase of deforestation occurred in the 1980s, when the Forest Formations were most penalized originally, followed by the Savanna Formations, that the conversion occurred in favor of extensive pastures, for which the area has good suitability soil and relief associates; that the numerous of linear erosion impacts, 395 linear erosion features placed in degraded pastures are concentrated in these areas, which predominate low discrepancies between suitability and actual use. As evidenced in the spatial analysis, it is confirmed the presence of 395 linear erosion features associated with degraded pastures. It is concluded that the area supports the pattern of initial occupation of the Cerrado by its conversion to pasture and that environmental impacts arising from the management of them more than this type of use.Item Otimização econômica de redes de distribuição de água em ambiente SIG(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-09-03) COSTA, Kleber Elias; FORMIGA, Klebber Teodomiro Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7889484406721543In the last decades there has been an increasing interest in the optimization of water distribution networks projects (LANSEY, 2006). This is the result of an urgent need to save public money, and especially to make good use of water, this precious resource, scarce and inaccessible in many parts of the world. In this scenario, many optimization routines of water distribution networks have been used. One of these routines is the Granados Method, which was developed by Alfredo Granados, in 1990, and provides the minimum cost of a water distribution network, considering the change in the price of the pipes according to their types, classes and diameters. One of the modern tools that have being used as a support to the project of water distribution networks is the free software EPANET, which is a simulator of the behavior and quality of the water, widely used in distribution systems under pressure. Geoprocessing, in turn, has been used in many areas, including the development of networks, be they water, sewer, electricity, transport, telephone etc. The ArcView GIS is a software that is widely accepted by researchers and designers worldwide. The EPANET integrated with the software ArcView GIS can work together through the installation of the software DC Water. Thus, we can run the hydraulic simulator EPANET within the environment of ArcView GIS. Through this work, we developed a computational routine based on Granados optimization method, within the geoprocessing software ArcView GIS, integrated with EPANET through the DC Water. This routine allows, in an automated way to carry out several simulations of diameters implementation, analyzing the energy losses and the resulting pressure on knots, in order to contribute to the production of an optimized water supply network.