Doutorado em Química Multiinstitucional UFG/UFMS/UFU (IQ)
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Item Possibilidades didático-metodológicas presentes na rede social Orkut: contribuições para o ensino de química(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-05-03) VAZ, Wesley Fernandes; SOARES, Marlón Herbert Flora Barbosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9698540158266610The information and communication technologies (ICTs) have changed the ways of society to communicate, and relate mainly to learn. This expansion and popularization of technology, more specifically the interconnection of personal computer to the Internet were called cyberspace (LÉVY, 1999). In this form, relations hips occur in the virtual world so that which was previously restricted to the physical space, expanded into the various types of interaction. These innovations enhance the formation of social networks. A common feature of social networks is the sharing of information, interests and goals. Such communities may be related to the idea of collaboration, which people act cooperatively in community, in order to produce common works. All this context suggests new approaches to confront the current traditional system of teaching and learning, which is characterized by the transmission of contents, conditional on major subjects. Thus, among many possibilities that ICTs offers, we chose to analyze and reflect on the social networking in terms of types, content, objectives and discussion of specific chemical, in order to devise possible ways of using Orkut in teaching chemistry. For this survey, we intend to analyze further the epistemological assumptions on existing sites, such as Orkut in terms of discourses of its participants. We analyzed 13 of the 1105 communities found related to chemistry and to provide at least 50 members. The results show that the purpose of users to join the community and a sense of affinity and the few discussions, appearing in relation to the chemical, are based on general matters, as a form of entertainment using the scientific knowledge. The topics which address chemical contents, lose the opportunity for discussion because of the lack of an active moderator. Regarding the view of science teachers, we noticed a strong presence in the positivist view of the participants, a reflection of what happens in a real society. Thus, it appears that Orkut and social networking community which contains for the use of discussion forums is definitely not the locus of knowledge, although it may provide moments of informal learning.Item Análise Químico-Morfológica de Hyptis Jacq. e Hypenia (Mart. ex Benth.) R. Harley (Lamiaceae)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-04-13) SILVA, Julierme Gonçalves da; FERRI, Pedro Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2129799749473005Cerrado is the second largest Brazilian biome, occupying about 24% of the country. However, there are only 61% of preserved Cerrado areas. Therefore, studies are needed in order to preserve these natural resources. For this purpose the reassessment of systematic relationships between 88 taxa of Hyptis Jacq. were based on the vegetative and reproductive morphological characters (chapter 1). In order to perform a phenetic study, multivariate statistical analysis were used for determination of taxa distribution patterns. The relationships between the examined taxa have been expressed as Ward hierarchical clustering using multiple correspondence analysis of 50 characters distributed into 168 character states. The perceptual map shows a subdivision of Hyptis into two major clusters. Cluster I contained 41 taxa belonging to sections Cyanocephalus, Cyrta, Gymneia, Mesosphaeria, Polydesmia and Tricosphaeria which mainly showed elongated, elliptic, linear bracts, curvature of the calyx's tube upper limb, oblique calyx tube orifice, as well as smooth nutlets. Cluster II contained 47 taxa from sections Apodotes, Eriosphaeria, Hyptis, Induratae, Pachyphyllae, Pusilae and Xylodontes. Their main morphological characteristics included hemispheric or subglobose cymes, the presence of a stylopodium, slightly rough nutlets and nutlets truncate at apex. Cluster analysis focused on 6 of the morphological characters which were distinguished by discriminant correspondence analysis, revealed similar traits. Multivariate analyses were also applied in the essential oil chemovariations of 13 Hypenia species (chapter 2). The results revealed the presence of two taxonomic clusters. Cluster I included 3 species belonging to section Densiflorae in addition to H. subrosea Harley and H. aristulata (Epl.) R. Harley, and showed the highest percentages of α-muurolol (5.85 ± 3.08%). In Cluster II, which contained 8 species belonging to section Laxiflorae, the major discriminant constituents were (E)-caryophyllene (7.09 ± 4.88%), germacrene D (18.1 ± 11.4%) and bicyclogermacrene (6.65 ± 1.19%). All essential oils showed a predominance of sesquiterpenes, such as spathulenol (4.5-31.6%), caryophyllene oxide (2.2-14.4%) and selin-11-en-4α-ol (0-34.8%). Furthermore, identical clusters were revealed by multivariate analysis of chemical constituents based on carbon skeletons, as well as on 18 morphological leaf characters of the species studied.