Produção e Caracterização de Biocombustíveis por Craqueamento de Óleo Vegetais via Catálise com Bauxita
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Data
2009-08-06
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
In this work, raw bauxite, thermally activated calcined bauxite,
calcined bauxite underwent acid treatment were the catalysts tested by its
potential in the thermal catalytic cracking reaction looking forward to the
production of biofuels from commercial soybean oil as an alternative to fossil
fuels. The materials were characterized by the techniques ICP-OES, infrared
spectroscopy, thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and textural analysis. The
chromatographic analysis of the biofuels obtained by cracking of commercial
soybean oil showed hydrocarbon compounds such as alkanes, alkenes and
aromatics, as well as some oxygenated compounds such as carboxylic acids,
ketones and alcohols. The products generated by the thermal catalytic
cracking process with thermally activated calcined bauxite showed better
results than the thermal cracking products because of the low quantity of
acids present, which provided biofuels with a lower acidity index, and
absence of acrolein. Therefore, the catalyst which was used demonstrated
activity in the secondary cracking process, in which fatty acids decompose
and give rise to hydrocarbons. The cracking tests with raw bauxite generated
a lower biofuels yield and significant amount of solid product and residual oil
making unfeasible the process. In order to evaluated the potential of used
industrial waste sources for production of alternative fuels, the cracking of the
waste vegetable oil studied together with the optimum of the reaction
conditions obtained satisfactory result in the gaseous and liquid yield and
percentage of crude biofuels generated. The biofuel presented similar
composition observed in the biofuels obtained in thermal catalytic cracking of
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commercial soybean oil. This proved that the thermal catalytic cracking
process is an alternative solution for the reutilization of waste vegetable oil
and fats, both, when discarded inadequately can become environment
pollutants
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PRADO, Cinara Machado Rodrigues do. Production and characterization of the biofuels by cracking of
vegetable oils through bauxite catalysis. 2009. 166 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação em Química) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2009.