Características epidemiológics e clínicas dos pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca atendidos no Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Data
2009-10-29
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome in which several risk factors are involved in its genesis, making it difficult to its prevention and management. Objectives: To identify the etiology and risk factors associated with HF frequently found in patients treated in a referential clinic in the state of Goiás, to compare the clinical and demographic characteristics of these patients, to analyze the treatment used is in accordance with the established guidelines for the management of HF in Brazil. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive and observational study of medical records of patients with heart failure treated in 2008 at the Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Goiás. The analysis through means the Chi-square test (χ2) and Fisher's exact test was used to compare demographic and clinical characteristics of patients and forms of treatment according to the main etiology of HF. The One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used for quantitative variables. Results: 144 medical records of patients were analyzed, with a mean age 61 ± 15 years, 54.2% were male. Chagas cardiomyopathy was the main cause of HF (41%). Hypertension (48.6%), anemia (22.9%), coronary artery disease (19.4%), dyslipidemia (17.3%) and diabetes mellitus (16.6%) were the most frequent risk factors. There was no significance between patients of different etiologies as the ejection fraction, functional class (NYHA), diastolic blood pressure, 3rd heart sound, edema, jugular venous distension and anemia. Females had higher prevalence of hypertensive cardiomyopathy (p = 0.044). The pulmonary rales were also more frequent in this group (p <0.01). Heart rate was lower in patients with Chagas disease (p <0.001). The prescribed drugs were diuretics (81.2%), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor
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blockers (77.7%), beta-blockers (45.8%), spironolactone (35.4%), digitalis (30.5%) and vasodilators (8.3%). Conclusion: Chagas cardiomyopathy was the main cause of HF. The most frequently risk factors identified were hypertension, anemia, coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus. Patients with different etiologies of HF differed a little in clinical characteristics presented. The treatment used was shown to be consistent with the recommendations in the guidelines for HF.
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NOGUEIRA, Patrícia Resende. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with heart failure treated at the Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University fo Goias. 2009. 85 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde - Medicina) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2009.