Monitoramento das pastagens cultivadas no cerrado goiano a partir de imagens MODIS índices de vegetação (MOD13Q1)
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Data
2012-03-27
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Cattle ranching is extremely important for the economy of Brazil. This activity is
characterized by the intensive explotation of pastures, which occupy a vast area of the
Brazilian territory, i.e. approximately 150 million hectares. Currently, Brazil is the largest
meat exporter in the world. Concerning its biomes, this occupation occurs mainly in the
Cerrado, where the 546.251 km² of area under utilization correspond to about 37% of the total
pasture area in the country. Among the states encompassed within the Cerrado limits, Goiás
has the largest pasture occupation, over 38.7% of its area. In addition, it has one of the largest
livestock, with about 21.3 millions of heads, producing, on average, 600.000 tons of meat a
year. Within this context, arises the concern with the quality of the Goias state pastures, since
several studies show that a large portion of these pastures are already degraded (i.e. low
capacity), with low cattle occupation. This study, based on remote sensing data, as well as on
spatial and census data, aimed at evaluating the quality of the pastures in Goias through the
estimation of the net primary productivity (NPP). The distribution of pastures in relation to
soil types, cattle occupation at the municipality level, infra-structure and location of the meat
processing plants were considered as well. The productivity estimations were based on the
MOD13Q1 vegetation index images (EVI), for the 2001 2009 period. The analysis of
pasture distribution were conducted through the intersection of the derived NPP and the
ancillary data mentioned above. The main conclusions of our study are: a) the highest NPP
values are found in the central, southeast and extreme northeastern portions of Goias; b) the
highest NPP values are related to the following soils: argissolos, cambissolos, neossolos and
latossolos (Oxisols), respectively; c) the average cattle occupation in the Cerrado in Goias is
usually low, around 1,07 heads per hectare; d) there are several municipalities (major cattle
producers) which have the totality of their pastures severely degraded; e) there is no strict
correlation between the location of meat processing plants and quality of pastures, as well as
cattle occupation. Thus, the monitoring of pasture quality and the analysis of correlated
factors are of great importance, as cattle ranching are responsible for the largest occupation of
the Cerrado in Goias e for most of the wealth in the state.
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GARCIA, Fanuel Nogueira. Monitoring cultivated pastures in the Cerrado Goiano Image from MODIS vegetation index (MOD13Q1). 2012. 60 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Humanas) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2012.