Prevalência da Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica e de seu subdiagnóstico em pacientes hipertensos do Programa HIPERDIA de uma unidade de atenção primária à saúde na cidade de Goiânia

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2013-05-06

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Universidade Federal de Goiás

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Introduction: The detection of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) on the primary health care network can be an important tool for an early diagnosis and better conduct management of these patients. Studies realized in Latin America (MENEZES, 2006) show that the COPD underdiagnosis is one of the great limiters for the control of this illness. It was also observed in a study in Canada (Hill et al., 2010) that half of the cases sub-diagnosed were of hypertensive patients. Thus, the analysis of the pulmonary function in hypertensive patients could be a useful strategy for the diagnosis of patients with COPD. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of COPD and its sub-diagnosis on hypertensive patients registered on the HIPERDIA Program of an unit of primary health care in Goiânia. Methodology: The transversal analytical study performed on the Novo Horizonte CIAMS in Goiânia from January/2011 to May/2012, with patients from both sex, aged between 18 and 80 years old and hypertensive registered on the HIPERDIA Program. The patients were evaluated as for the pulmonary function (spirometry) and the respiratory symptoms (questionnaire). The criteria used for the diagnosis f COPD were in fixed relation of the VEF1/CVT<0,70 or by the relation VEF1/CVF below the inferior limit of normality. For the statistical analysis, it was appealed to the SPSS 17.0 program, with the execution of the square Qui test, T test and analysis of the logistical regression. The level of statistic significance assumed was of p < 0,05. The present study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Human Research from the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Goiás, register n° 159/2010. Results: 301 patients were evaluated. The prevalence of COPD was of 22,2% and the sub-diagnosis rate was of 82%. The group with normal spirometry (n=165) was compared to the group with COPD (n=67) as for the social demographic variables, pulmonary function, risk factors, the respiratory symptoms and the co morbidity. There were significant differences only in relation to the sex (p<0,001), age (p=0,005), CVF, VEF1/CVF (p<0,001), smoking (p<0,001) and wheezing (p=0,006). The group of patients with sub-diagnosed with COPD (n=55) and with previous diagnosis (n=12) were similar as for all the variables of epidemiological characterization, except for the respiratory symptoms (wheezing and dyspnea) and pulmonary function. Conclusion: The COPD patients’ profile is similar to the literature. The high prevalence of COPD found in the patients on the HIPERDIA Program with the majority of the sub-diagnosed, shows that the implantation of management strategies with patients with COPD in this National Program of Public Health is already existent in the majority of the Brazilian cities.

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PEREIRA, Sheila Alves. Prevalência da Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica e de seu subdiagnóstico em pacientes hipertensos do Programa HIPERDIA de uma unidade de atenção primária à saúde na cidade de Goiânia. 2013. 82 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde (FM)) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2013.