Isolados de rizóbios capturados por genótipos silvestres de feijoeiro: obtenção, morfologia e uso de fontes de carbono
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2013-02-28
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The bean is a legume widespread throughout the country and an important
source of protein in human food. Inoculation of legumes with rhizobia able to perform
biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), has been widely discussed, based on studies indicating
its feasibility for use in agriculture, since the BNF decreases partly environmental
liabilities generated by high consumption of nitrogen fertilizer. The use of wild bean
genotypes seeks greater diversity of rhizobia for isolation and study of the ability of BNF,
which may result in greater specificity for symbiotic bean crop. The objective was to
obtain and characterize the morphology and on the use of carbon sources captured
populations of rhizobia in wild bean genotypes, soil from the states of Goiás, Minas Gerais
and Paraná. Soil samples were collected from six areas in the depth of 0-20 cm for
conducting chemical and physical analyzes and an test was conducted in a greenhouse in
pots of 3 liters sterilized with 11 wild bean genotypes to obtain the isolates. Were obtained
523 isolates of rhizobia and selected 231 isolates, 76 of Goiás, Minas Gerais 99, and 56 of
Paraná. A total of seven species of bacteria as reference strains, three of the genus
Rhizobium tropici (SEMIA 4077, SEMIA 4080 and SEMIA 4088), three of the genus
Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli (BR266, BR351 and BR281) and one of the genus
Rhizobium multihospitium (R82), for comparison with the data obtained. The isolates were
characterized morphologically and on the use of carbon sources. From the information
similarity matrices were generated using Jaccard coefficient being generated for the states
of Goiás, Minas Gerais and Paraná, similarity dendrograms by UPGMA clustering method,
using the software NTSYS-pc, version 1.8. The 523 isolates were obtained from nodules of
wild bean genotypes with the predominance of isolates that acidify the culture medium and
fast growth, and the solos from Araucária and Prudentópolis produce greater amount of
mucus that of Jussara, Nova Veneza, Uberlândia and Unaí. The rhizobia isolates obtained
from soils of Goiás and Minas Gerais exhibit greater phenotypic diversity than those from
soils of Paraná. Usage analysis of carbon sources revealed that rhizobia isolates obtained
from soils of Goiás have higher metabolic diversity. Overall, the largest number of isolates
grouped with the reference strains, especially with the inoculant strains used as the
common bean (SEMIA 4080, SEMIA SEMIA 4088 and SEMIA 4077), indicating that
these isolates have metabolic characteristics similar to these strains.
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Sampaio, Fernanda Bueno - Isolados de rizóbios capturados por genótipos silvestres de feijoeiro: obtenção, morfologia e uso de fontes de carbono - 2013 - 86 f. - Dissertação - Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia (EAEA) - Universidade Federal de Goiás - Goiânia - Goiás - Brasil.