Desempenho agronômico da soja, fertilidade e dinâmica da matéria orgânica em solos sob aplicação de biochar no cerrado brasileiro
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2014-05-23
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The objective of this work was to verify the long-term effect of biochar
application on soil chemical properties and the development and soybean yield and carbon
pools in a Oxisol (Experiment I) and Haplic Plinthosol (Experiment II) in the cerrado
biome. Both experiments were conducted under field conditions in Nova Xavantina-MT .
Settled experiments in a randomized block design, consisting of the combination of levels
of the fertilizer (NPK) and doses of biochar. For evaluation of soil fertility soil samples
were collected at 0-20 cm and analyzed the following attributes: pH, Ca, Mg, H+Al, P, K,
and organic matter (OM). Agronomic variables were: height and dry matter of V4 and R1
and productivity. For evaluations in carbon pools contents were determined and total
organic carbon (TOC) and nitrogen (TN), the concentrations of C in fractions fulvic acids
(FA) , humic acids (HA) and humin (HU) , and , humification index (HI) . In general ,
there was synergy between the effect of mineral fertilization and application of biochar on
soil chemical over the four years after the application attributes. As the aromatic structures
are oxidized biochar notes positive effect on the contents of OM. The productivity was
significantly increased mainly due to the application of 16 Mg ha-1 of biochar on 1st 3rd and
4th year , with an equation with quadratic behavior . In the 7th and 8th grade direct effect of
biochar was reduced with low variation of grain yield. An increase in TOC stocks and
aromatic contents with increasing carbon biochar application, showing that Walkley-black
method is not effective for the determination of TOC in soils under application of biochar.
There was a reduction in C-AF and C-AH with the application of biochar , more evident
effect in the presence of NPK . The C-HU increased significantly with increasing doses of
biochar. High doses of biochar (>16 Mg ha-1) provide increased IH. In both experiments I
and II, biochar contributes to increasing C more stable OM of soil fraction is humin ,
which is desirable from an environmental standpoint and fertility.
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Lima, Larissa Borges de - Desempenho agronômico da soja, fertilidade e dinâmica da matéria orgânica em solos sob aplicação de biochar no cerrado brasileiro - 2014 - 81 f. - Tese - Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia (EAEA) - Universidade Federal de Goiás - Goiânia - Goiás - Brasil.