Estoques e indicadores de carbono em cerradão e cerrado Stricto Sensu
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2010-09-01
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The climate on the Planet has always been natural oscillations throughout its existence, but the anthropogenic contributions of greenhouse gases also change the composition of the atmosphere, affecting climate. Climatologists have found acceleration of global warming, because of the human s actions. Conversely, photosynthetic organisms, the processes of growth absorb atmospheric carbon, storing it in its components. The native Cerrado among the various environmental services offers, assimilates atmospheric carbon and store it in their biomass and soil, contributing to the mitigation of global warming. Forest planting and maintaining vegetation cover, contribute to the mitigation of global warming, then can generate tradable credits in the Carbon Market. Establishing indicators of the carbon stocks is one point key in generation process carbon credits. This work researched of carbon s stocks in plant biomass and soil, as well as their indicators, seeking greater clarity of what happens with the carbon throughout the soil profile and between two types of vegetation in the Cerrado biome: cerradão and cerrado sensu stricto. We studied three areas of each of thouse faces. We obtained biomass carbon stocks by direct determination in the field, then determining the matter content of kiln-dried, and subsequent calcination at 550°C by using samples of each part of a plant. The results were grouped either by depth or height , and also by the plant compartments such as roots, liter, herbaceous material, trunk, branches, leaves, fruits and others. The total stocks of carbon, considering both total plant biomass as carbon in the soil are 906,25 Mg ha-1 in cerradão and 419,04 Mg ha-1 in cerrado stricto sensu, providing relationship 2,2:1. The stocks of total soil carbon obtained by elemental analyzer, to a depth of 2 m, are of 258,68 Mg ha -1 in cerradão and 271,25 Mg ha-1 in cerrado stricto sensu. This was not statistically different in both environments. However, the carbon stocks of biomass above and below ground, are from 647,57 to 147,79 Mg ha-1 in cerradão and cerrado stricto sensu, has a ratio of 4,4:1. Comparing the carbon stocks of above-ground biomass with the stocks in underground plant biomass, the relationships are 3,52:1 in cerradão and 2,04:1 cerrado stricto sensu. Soil samples were taken at depth along the soil profile, having been developed as indicators for carbon stock: clay content (TA), bulk density (BD), particle density (PD), macro and micro ( MA and MI), index of aggregate stability (IEA), percentage of soil aggregate with size between 2-4 mm (SBP), total carbon soil stocks (ECTS), of by the method of elemental analyzer, organic carbon soil by the Walkley-Black (ECOS), content of nitrogen (N), carbon storage in roots from 0,65 to 2,5 cm (ECR), belowground biomass carbon stocks (ECBVS), total carbon soil stocks and belowground biomass carbon stocks combined (ECTS+BVS). The variance analysis of these indicators measured, has shown that: the total soil carbon stocks (ECTS), organic soil carbon stocks (ECOS), carbon stocks in roots with diameters from 0,65 to 2,5 cm (ECR ) and content of the total nitrogen stoks of soil (N) in addition to presenting differences in depth, also presented significant differences between the environments and interaction environment and depth. Stand out among the others and can compose set of methodologies appropriate to local projects forest carbon credits in the Cerrado region.
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SILVEIRA, Jeanete. Stocks and indicators of carbon in cerrado and cerrado sensu stricto. 2010. 125 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharias) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2010.