Seleção de áreas aptas a disposição de lodo de estações de tratamento de esgoto com fins agrícolas
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Data
2010-09-03
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Overcrowding in urban centers has spawned many impacts on the environment, highlighting
the waste generated by their activities. To properly allocate these wastes, technologies are
developed such as those involved in sewage treatment. However, this form of treatment also
generates waste, which must be treated and disposed of properly. The sludge is a byproduct of
sewage treatment and has few alternatives available, among which, the agricultural
disposition for purposes of soil conditioning or recovery of degraded areas. The soil, however,
must have received the favorable characteristics of this type of material so as not to create
conditions for growth of bacteria is not eliminated in the sludge treatment and prevent
contamination of groundwater and surface water. Thus, this study aimed to classify areas as to
the suitability of the application of sludge sewage treatment station of Goiania, a radius of 46
km from that station, using the geographic information system. To achieve this goal, we
proceeded to the identification of areas considered unsuitable to receive the sludge by
CONAMA Resolution 375/2006 of MMA. Then, the areas that had no restrictions were
analyzed for ability to use the land for sludge application from the characteristics of the
following environmental factors: hydromorphism, fertility, texture, depth, drainage and
stoniness of the soil, topography and beyond susceptibility to soil erosion. Studies for the radii
of 46 and 20 km by the restrictions set by the resolution showed that the total area of study
25.5 and 43%, respectively, are unsuitable for sludge application, attending many of the
weaknesses of the environmental field as observed for the hydromorphism factor and soil
drainage. Since environmental factors texture, stoniness and depth restrictions were
preventing the release of silt in some areas, while the fertility of the soil proved ideal for this
purpose. Considering all the environmental factors, the area shows unfitness to sludge
application on the order of 14.5% of the land to the radius of 46 km and 8.3% for the radius of
20 km, which added to the regulatory restriction excludes 40% and 51%, respectively, for this
type of use. The areas suitable for agricultural sludge disposal account for 51.3% of total area,
with 8.7% of the land with strong environmental restrictions on the radius of 46 km, while for
the 20 km radius of these values are 45 and 3 7%, respectively. The best areas for sludge
application in both areas - 20 km and 46 - are located in the northern study area.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Lodo de esgoto , Disposição final no solo , Seleção de áreas , Restrições legais , Fatores ambientais , Sewage sludge , Final disposition on the ground , Selection of areas , Legal restrictions , Environmental factors , 1.Lodo de esgoto 2.Disposição final no solo 3.Seleção de
áreas 4.Restrições legais 5.Fatores ambientais
Citação
LESSA, Alyne Alves. Selection of areas suitable for the disposal of sludge stations
sewage treatment for agriculture. 2010. 107 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharias) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2010.