Estudo do efeito de nanopartículas magnéticas biocompatíveis no sistema cardiovascular de ratos e investigação do processo de captura e exocitose das nanoestruturas por cardiomiócitos
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2012-05-11
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Magnetic fluids consist of surface-coated magnetic nanoparticles dispersed in a liquid carrier. These nanostructures have attracted a lot of attention of the biomedical community because of its possible applications as drug carriers, disease detection, and also on the treatment of several diseases, including cardiovascular ones. This work had the following objectives: (i) evaluate the effect ex-vivo of biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles in the rat heart function and, in-vivo, in the arterial blood pressure and heart rate of the rats, as well as, (ii) investigate the endocytosis and exocytosis of the nanoparticles through a magnetophoresis technique. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Dynamic light sacttering (DLS) and Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The cardiac function was evaluated by the Langendorf technique under constant flow. On the other hand, in order to evaluate the effect of nanoparticles in the cardiovascular parameters, femoral artery and vein were cannulated and arterial pressure and heart rate were measure after 24 hs. The magnetic fluid infusion in the isolated heart showed a tiny increase of the intraventricular diastólic pressure and a decrease of the intraventricular systolic pressure. No changes were observed in perfusion pressure. The infusion of the magnetic nanoparticles in the rats had not promoted any significant variations of the artery pressure or the heart rate. These results suggest that magnetic nanoparticles can be used on clinical trials. In addition, magnetophoresis experiments were preformed in order to investigate phenomenon associated to nanoparticles and dissociated cardiomyocytes interactions from rat heart. Different samples containing distinct particle sizes and coating layers were evaluated as function of incubation time. It was observed that, besides endocytosis (or adsorption), an exocytosis (or desorption) mechanism start to occur above a critical time. A mathematical model that takes into account both mechanisms were developed which, together with other works from the literature, allowed us to estimate the individual wrapping time of the nanoparticles. The results show a strong dependence upon nanoparticle diameter and corroborate with theoretical models of receptor-mediated endocytosis of nanoparticles.
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RAMALHO, Laylla Silva. Study of the effect of magnetic nanoparticles biocampatible in the rat cardiovascular system and investigation of capture process and exocytosis for cardiomyocytes of nanostructures. 2012. 94 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Exatas e da Terra) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2012.