As consequências do impacto da revelação do diagnóstico do HIV/AIDS na qualidade de vida
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2013-11-01
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / HIV / AIDS is a pandemic disease that has
as an etiologic agent the Human Immunodeficiency Virus / HIV / AIDS. The Ministry
of Health of Brazil has been the forerunner in the planning and achievement of
activities related to the AIDS epidemic. Economic, Medical, psychological and social
assistances are essential for the infection treatment. The goals of this study were: to
evaluate the consequences of the impact of disclosure of diagnosis of HIV/AIDS in
quality of life (QL) and analyze quality of life of HIV patients. Instrumental research in
SAE - Specialized Care Service, Infectious Disease Ambulatory/HC/, in Goiania-GO,
in the period 2011-2013, with 100 patients, were performed. The following
instruments were used: Respondent Sheet − adapted, Sociodemographic
Questionnaire - SQ, Psychological Aspects Questionnaire - PAQ - and Questionnaire
WHOQOL-Bref HIV. The results pointed to an emotional, physical and social
worsening and at the domain of spirituality, religion and of personal beliefs in QL
before the diagnosis revelation impact of sororeagente. On the other hand, they
influenced the adoption of new habits: self-knowledge, interpersonal development,
health, welfare, leisure, sexuality, affection and professionalization. Clinic adherence
and antiretroviral treatment influenced the improvement of QL assessment. Most of
the participants are male, homosexual, completed high school and they were infected
through intercourse with men. In the instrumental survey, it was found by the most
accentuated psychological impact, which caused fright, fear of dying, feeling of
death, sadness or suicidal ideation. In QL evaluation, a worsening in the physical
domain was identified, as physical losses occurred and AIDS advances in selfidentified
patients as asymptomatic: 15.37 %, good; symptomatic: 13.70%, regular,
carriers of AIDS: 12.00%, regular. It was concluded that the impact of the diagnosis was acute and feelings of sadness, discouragement and death were prevalent and
caused significant changes in participants' lives, whether for health promotion or
linked to death and suicidal ideation. There was an increasing discomfort before
reactions of prejudice, discrimination, negligence, misunderstanding, detachment and
abandonment by partners and relatives. QL was influenced by physical and
psychological conditions and by the adherence to antiretroviral treatment. As higher
the support, lower is the impact of revelation. As there was the understanding of the
factors of vulnerability to HIV / AIDS, humanization and improvement of QL occurred.
It is necessary to improve the "care" so as to extend beyond the clinical aspects, to
facilitate welfare and promote better conditions of psychological support to the
patients, in order to minimize the impact of disclosure of diagnosis of HIV / AIDS. It is
recommended the constitution of inter / multidisciplinary staff and improvement of
existing ones, for activities with these patients and their families, as well as the
adequacy of the physical space for the development of such activities.
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JUNQUEIRA, Marciclene de Freitas Ribeiro. As consequências do impacto da revelação do diagnóstico do HIV/AIDS na qualidade de vida. 2013. 223 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás,Goiânia, 2013.