Metabolômica de macrofungos cultivados em torta do caroço de algodão por espectrometria de massas
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2020-02-19
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The large production of agro-industrial waste arouses the search for sustainable alternatives.
These residues are a great source of energy and biomass, and can be used for energy
generation, biofuels and chemicals. Cotton is a crop that has great commercial importance. In
addition to the production of fibers used in the manufacture of textiles, the seed is used to
produce oil (liquid fraction) and cake/bran (solid fraction). Cotton seed cake/bran (TCA) has a
significant amount of protein and carbohydrates, which can be used for animal nutrition.
However, TCA has some antinutritional or toxic compounds for animal nutrition, such as
gossypol. The use of microorganisms, among them, macrofungi has been a strategy to
degrade/detoxify such chemical compounds and thus facilitate their use in mono or polygastric
nutrition. However, it is necessary to identify the bioactive chemical compounds
produced by the macrofungi, and in this case, the metabolomics based on mass spectrometry
can be an applied tool to characterize the low molecular weight fungal metabolites. Thus, this
work characterized the metabolites present in cottonseed cake after solid state fermentation
of macrofungi, using untargeted metabolomics by Ultra-High Performance Liquid
Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS / MS). The resulting data were
submitted to Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and compared to the database of Chemical
Entities of Biological Interest and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. The PCAs of the
macrofungi Schizophyllum commune (FPB 117) and Fistulina hepatica (CC102) showed
significant changes in the profile of chemical compounds in cottonseed cake (in natura) after
fungal fermentation. In the fermented (TCA + macrofungus) it was possible to identify
chemical compounds of the classes of lipids, amino acids, oligosaccharides, nucleosides and
nucleotides. The fermented with Pleurotus pulmonarius EF88 showed a chromatographic
profile very close to the control, indicating the microbial cultivation process under the tested
conditions did not show significant growth of the macrofungus. The untargeted metabolomics
tool applied in this work proved to be efficient for the identification and characterization of
metabolites from microbial fermentative processes in plant biomass. Such information
contributes to studies involving the deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass and the animal
nutrition industry.
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SOUZA, M. A. Metabolômica de macrofungos cultivados em torta do caroço de algodão por espectrometria de massas. 2020. 110 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Química) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2020.