A construção da face argumentativa erística pelo argumento ad fidem, no discurso do Cabo Daciolo, nos debates eleitorais de 2018
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2020-03-19
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
This work aims to analyze the first round of the electoral debates of the dispute for the position of President of the Republic, in 2018 election. This qualitative documentary research, from an interpretative descriptive character, sought to understand the dynamics of the argumentative interactions in the debates, especially in the four debates that participated in the candidate of the PATRIOTA party, the federal deputy of Rio de Janeiro, Cabo Daciolo. Four electoral debates were analyzed: BAND (08/09/2018), Rede TV (08/17/2018), SBT / UOL / FOLHA (09/26/2018) and Rede Record (09/30/2018). The debates were downloaded from the official channels of the respective broadcasters on the Youtube website, which were later transcribed. With an interdisciplinary nature, the research was supported in the field of studies in Rhetoric and Argumentation, such as developed by Perelman and Olbretchs-Tyteca (1987) and the concept of auditorium, together with the notion of discoursive ethos (MAINGUENEAU, 2011; CHARAUDEAU, 2003). And, mainly, of the Interactional Perspective of Argumentation (WILLARD, 1989; PLANTIN, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2018; GRÁCIO, 2010; 2012; 2013) for providing descriptive analysis parameters to understand the argumentation in interaction, moving away from the traditional notion of persuasion and convincing, and focusing on describing the dynamics of the interaction, the strategies employed, and what resources of production of meaning were employed in the production of arguments. In the field of interaction, it went through Conversation Analysis theorists (GOFFMAN, 2011; BROWN and LEVINSON, 1987; KERBRAT-ORECCHIONI, 2006) for the exposure and problematization of the concept of face. We sought to understand how this concept is related to the arguments in interaction. Our analysis lead us to mobilize the concept of argumentative face, integrating in the dynamics of interaction, the visual aspect through semiotic elements as an factor that produces arguments (GROARKE, 1999; ROQUE, 2016; KJELDSEN, 2013; KRAUS, 2018). In addition to these theorists, This work also explored the concept of enunciative posture (RABATEL, 1996; 2012; 2016; 2018), in order to understand the status that an enunciator evokes about himself when he positions himself through a statement in relation to the other enunciatees. Thus, it was verified the reconstruction of the interaction dynamics, as it was stabliched in the analyzed data, generating the concept of Eristic Argumentative Face - FAE, which is the positive social value, that an interactant evokes about himself, in the moment of exclusively eristic argumentative interaction, through the necessary degradation of its interlocutor, as we tryed to show in this work. Im this sense, FAE is used to value an ethos that aims to be accepted by a certain audience, but that presents itself in competition with other éthé, in a discordant interaction (CHABROL, 1995; EMEDIATO; 2011). From the identification of this “eristical argumentative face” especifically in Cabo Daciolo’s interventions, it was found that the candidate mainly used the ad fidem argument (PLANTIN 2011; 2018) to build his ethos and to, through FAE, defend and project it as superior to the other éthé with whom he interacted in the electoral debates, while attacking the other candidates.
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Argumentação , Interação , Ad fidem , Erística , Eleições , Argumentation , Interaction , Ad fidem , Eristics , Elections
Citação
CAMELO, M. D. A construção da face argumentativa erística pelo argumento ad fidem, no discurso do Cabo Daciolo, nos debates eleitorais de 2018. 2020. 172 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Letras e Linguística) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2020.