Estimativa do yield gap para a cultura da soja em nível de fazenda no Estado de Goiás
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2021-02-22
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merrill) is the main crop in Brazilian agribusiness,
playing a very important role in the country's economy. The grains area widely
uses and their derivatives as a source of protein and energy. Soybeans is used
to supply the world requirement for food. This bring attention to the necessary
conditions for cultivating the crop is one of the essential steps to obtain high
yield, mainly climatic conditions in the areas where the crop will be grown.
The association of unfavorable climate and inefficient agricultural management
may be responsible due to the low production of soybeans and thus not
meeting world demand. The agriculture is modernizing and paying attention to
market demands through technologies and research to supply the require food
demand for future generation. Based on questions, it is possible to estimate
the yield gap of agricultural crops that allow us to differentiate the types and
levels of existing production and to quantify as breaks caused by water deficit
and agricultural management through data obtained from productivity
simulation models. The aim of this work was to estimate the yield gap of
soybean at farm level in the central region of the State of Goiás, Brazil, under
Cerrado conditions, evaluating the interaction between climate, and
management associated with leaf nutritional level and soil penetration
resistance. The study was carried out in 13 soybean commercial cultivation
areas under no-tillage system, of five farmers, at the municipalities of
Avelinópolis, Heitoraí, Trindade and São Luiz do Norte, in the 2019/2020
growing season. At the farm level, it was found that the areas of the highest
agricultural efficiencies (AE) were obtained the lowest climatic efficiencies
(CE). This lead to climatic conditions caused the greatest yield gap when
compared to yield gap by management. There was a positive correlation
between AE and the levels of N, K, Cu and B collected in the leaf analysis and
resistance to soil penetration, proving that these were limiting factor for a
better crop development.
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Citação
SANTOS, T. G. Estimativa do yield gap para a cultura da soja em nível de fazenda no Estado de Goiás. 2021. 63 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2021.