A rotulação na construção argumentativa do gênero entrevista no programa Roda Viva
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2021-03-03
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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This work seeks to analyze the participation of referential labeling in the construction of
argumentative interaction, from the precepts of the dialogical theory of argumentation, in a genre
of the spoken language modality. The genre chosen for this study was the interview, specifically
those carried out by the television program Roda Viva. Thus, this research should answer the
following question: how does the label participate in the construction of the argumentative
interaction developed in the Roda Viva interview program? In order to try to answer this question,
a qualitative analysis, with an interpretive basis, was performed on the data obtained (GIL, 2002;
GERHARDT, SILVEIRA, 2009). Through this type of research, we seek to privilege the process
to the detriment of the product when analyzing aspects related to the labeling and the construction
of the argument in the interviews transmitted by Roda Viva, paying attention to the way they
(labeling and argumentation) relate via argumentative interactions between interviewee and
interviewers. Taking this objective into account, the development of the research started from two
different fields of study: Textual Linguistics and Argumentation. The first focused on the labeling
process (FRANCIS, [1994] 2003; CONTE, [1996] 2003; CARVALHO 2005; KOCH, 2006, 2011;
ALVES JUNIOR, 2011) and the second from studies of the dialogical perspective of
argumentation ( PLANTIN, 2008, 2018; GRÁCIO, 2010, 2012, 2013; DAMASCENO-MORAIS,
2017, 2020, 2021). In addition to these two main theoretical perspectives, some assumptions of
Conversational Analysis were mobilized (SACKS, SCHEGLOFF & JEFFERSON, 1974;
KERBRATORECCHIONI, 2006; MARCUSCHI, [1986] 2003; KERBRAT-ORECCHIONI &
PLANTIN, 1995; FÁVERO et al. 2010) and adapted by dialogical theory. Among them, we
highlight the concepts of dialogue and exchange of shifts, starting from the notion that the first is
constituted as the center of an interaction that implies the participation of, at least, two interactants
that establish among themselves a communicative exchange (SACKS, SCHEGLOFF &
JEFFERSON, 1974). In addition, support was also sought in the Theory of Linguistic Politeness
when talking about face preservation and distance negotiation during an argumentative interaction
(BROW AND LEVINSON 1987; GOFFMAN, 2011; MEYER, 1994, 2007). Labeling is
established as a referential process that performs different functions within the text, contributing
for the meanings and interpretations to be highlighted. Dialogical argumentation, on the other
hand, starts from an argumentative interaction, that is, an interaction based on a stasis that arises
from a discourse and a counter-discourse on the same subject in question (PLANTIN, 2008). This
issue in question is viewed as different points of view are presented (GRÁCIO, 2010). In this
sense, for Grácio, to perspective is to argue. For this research, three Roda Viva interviews were
chosen - in which it was possible to visualize this perspective process and, from it, to verify how
the participation of the labeling occurs - for the constitution of the RVIVA corpus, they are:
interview 1, with Ricardo Salles; interview 2, with Glenn Greenwald; and interview 3, with Janaína
Paschoal. They were selected because they present a more conflicting argumentative space in
relation to other interviews on the same television program. From the data obtained, there were
five forms of participation of the labels for the emergence of stasis and five forms of their
participation in the construction of points of view. In addition, the interface between acting roles,
labeling and politeness was seen.
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SIMÂO, N. V. A rotulação na construção argumentativa do gênero entrevista no programa Roda Viva. 2021. 173 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Letras e Linguística) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2021.