Alterações cardiometabólicas em ratos submetidos ao desmame precoce farmacológico induzido por bromocriptina
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2021-10-25
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life is fundamental important for the child's health. Nutritional and environmental disorders during the lactation period promote epigenetic changes that culminate in metabolic dysfunctions in the offspring throughout the life. Thereby, interrupting lactation before the established period can cause, among other changes, obesity and hypertension during adulthood. This work aimedto evaluate the cardiometabolic disruptions in Wistar rats that were submitted to pharmacological early weaning, induced by bromocriptine. After birth, sexing was carried out to form litters containing six males per mother and two groups were formed: early weaning (DP) and control (CT). In the last 3 days of lactation, mothers belonging to the DP group received daily injections (0.5 mg - twice daily) of bromocriptine. During the lactation period, the pups’ body weight was monitored on days 1, 7, 14, 18, 19, 20 and 21. After, the offspring were separated and kept in boxes containing three animals each. For 180 days, food intake and body weight were monitored weekly. After this period, was performed measurements of cardiovascular parameters. Subsequently, contractile function of the left ventricle and coronary reactivity were assessed during the ischemia/reperfusion protocol using the Langendorff technique and aortic vascular reactivity through the isolated vessel in an organ bath. Finally, the animals were euthanized and the organs were collected for histological analysis and Western blot. The animals in the DP group developed obesity phenotypeincrease in adipose tissue. Interestingly, there was no increase in food intake. During the recording of cardiovascular parameters in the awake animals, an increase in MAP, SP, DP and HR was observed in animals submitted to DP. Baseline coronary flow was reduced in animals in the DP group and, after reperfusion, it was significantly increased. In addition, it was verified the presence of cardiac remodeling in the animals of the DP group, from the presence of interstitial fibrosis andcardiomyocytes hypertrophy. Finally, we showed low protein expression of the AT1 and MAS receptors, antioxidant enzyme SOD and Akt protein expression. The present study demonstrated that pharmacological DP induced by maternal bromocriptine injections, caused obese phenotype and increase in blood pressure and heart rate. Thus, for the first time, it was demonstrated that pharmacological DP promoting cardiovascular changes, suggesting that this model triggers cardiometabolic programming, negatively affecting these animals during adulthood.
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CAMARGO-SILVA. Alterações cardiometabólicas em ratos submetidos ao desmame precoce farmacológico induzido por bromocriptina. 2021. 72 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Fisiológicas) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2021.