A liberdade do pensamento: estudo sobre o fundo místico da história de Alexandre Koyré
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2021-12-03
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
This thesis is concerned with Alexandre Koyré's historiographical work. We analyze his
studies devoted to the history of science, but also, and especially, his studies about
history of German speculative mysticism, centered on Jacob Boehme, and on the
history of philosophy, centered on René Descartes. We argue that, although relating to
different fields, those studies were permeated by the same fundamental conception:
that of freedom of thought as the ability to self-form, a conception expressed in the
“mystical idea”, according to Koyré, of the superiority of will over understanding. In
both Boehme and Descartes, Koyré highlighted it strongly and took a stand favorably,
declaring it to be true. In Boehme he underlined a doctrine of freedom, constructed in
opposition to the doctrine of predestination, which gave man the divine gift of self creation, of forming his own nature. In Descartes, he underlined the capacity of human
thought to suspend judgment, deny tradition, make use of its will and reform itself.
Our thesis is that this conception, fundamental in Koyré’s works on Boehme and
Descartes, was not lost when he turned to the history of science. It endures in his
work, forming its tonus. His history of the scientific revolution is the history of the self formation of thought, of manifestation of its freedom. Like God, angels and man in
Boehme, the characters in Koyré's history of science do not have a nature that would
determine their actions, but they have, in their essence, freedom to create themselves,
to modify themselves, to not always be the same. Koyré's conception of freedom of
thought is the condition for the possibility of change, it is the foundation of his theory
of history and the cornerstone of his discontinuous historiographic work.
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MACHADO, H. A liberdade do pensamento: estudo sobre o fundo místico da história de Alexandre Koyré. 2021. 221 f. Tese (Doutorado em de História) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2021.