Pobreza, infâncias e exclusões no contexto da pandemia (Covid-19) em Itaberaí, Goiás: dialogando com crianças de quatro a seis anos de idade da classe trabalhadora
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2022-06-02
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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This dissertation is part of the Project Public Policies and Childhood Education in Goiás: history, conceptions, projects and practices, coordinated by the Center for Studies and Research of Childhood and its Education in Different Contexts (NEPIEC), linked to the line of research Training, Teacher Professionalization and Educational Work of the Graduate Program in Education of the Faculty of Education of the Federal University of Goiás (PPGE/ FE/ UFG). The study aimed to understand aspects of child poverty in Goiás from the perspective of poor children aged four to six years working class in their reports and silences about childhood and exclusions in the context of the pandemic caused by the Novo Coronavirus. The writing of this dissertation text is based on historical-dialectical materialism, which allowed us to analyze the facts not as something isolated or ready in itself, but as collective constructs marked by numerous historical and socially constructed interactions and contradictions. The reflections start initially from documentary and bibliographic analyses to understand the reality historically constructed and experienced by the poor Brazilian working class and the children of this group. The empirical part of the dissertation was developed in the municipality of Itaberaí-GO, with 17 children between four and six years old, with authorization signed by their parents/guardians. Due to the atypical period of the pandemic (Covid-19), our first contacts and observations were mediated by two educational units of the municipal education network of Itaberaí-GO via virtual groups of classes, organized from instant messaging application and voice/video calls. We also dialogued with professionals from the educational units (two in the school management function, three in the coordination function and six teachers) using an electronic questionnaire and open dialogues mediated by semi-structured scripts. With the children we chose to develop: dialogues with semi-structured scripts, reflections from children's stories, production of drawings (housing, family and other drawings freely chosen by the children) in individual conversations and/or small groups. The dialogues transcribed in the dissertation text were carried out in part in the educational units, when the return to classroom classes in the municipal network of Itaberaí-GO, but also in some residences since some children remained studying at home when hybrid teaching was still offered (face-to-face and remote). To this end, we follow the safety protocols required in the pandemic period and the guidelines of ethics in research with human beings. We observed from bibliographic and empirical studies that the pandemic expanded the scenarios of impoverishment and social inequality experienced by poor working-class families in Brazil, bringing direct repercussions on children's lives. The statements of children between four and six years old revealed that they have experienced their childhoods within the limits allowed to them in the context of a member of the poor working class of Brazil and carry marks of child poverty demonstrated in aspects of not full access to social rights, limitations and exclusions that they experienced even before the pandemic state.
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SERRA, E. B. Pobreza, infâncias e exclusões no contexto da pandemia (Covid-19) em Itaberaí, Goiás: dialogando com crianças de quatro a seis anos de idade da classe trabalhadora. 2022. 277 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2022.