Aplicação de sistema fotovoltaico off-grid como backup de energia na zona rural - estudo de caso
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Data
2023-08-21
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Through electrical energy, it is possible to operate machinery, generate heat, and transmit
information. This energy is generated, transmitted, and distributed until final consumption.
However, interruptions in the power supply pose obstacles, especially for producers located in the
rural areas of the state of Goiás, within the concession area of the distributor EQUATORIAL-GO.
These producers face losses due to spoiled stored food and the death of animals in breeding
facilities. With the rise of distributed generation, consumers have been enabled to produce their
own energy, thus becoming prosumer. This study conducts a case analysis on a rural property
located in the municipality of Cezarina-GO, aiming to investigate the optimal solution for
maintaining a consistent energy supply through alternative generation sources. Different scenarios
are explored: 1) Grid Electricity + Backup Generator; 2) Grid Electricity + Off-Grid Photovoltaic
System; and 3) Grid Electricity + Off-Grid Photovoltaic System + Batteries. Based on the energy
demand of the location, equipment is sized for each scenario, and a financial analysis is performed
using indicators such as Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Discounted
Payback Period, and Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE). The analysis considers the main
implementation and operational costs for each configuration under study. The results show that the
scenario "Grid Electricity + Off-Grid Photovoltaic System + Batteries" exhibits the best feasibility
among the analyzed solutions. Despite having an initial investment nine times higher than the more
traditional "Grid Electricity + Backup Generator" scenario, it presents a higher negative NPV and
a lower LCOE over a 30-year period. Lastly, through a sensitivity analysis, parameters related to
the cost of diesel fuel (R$), electricity tariff (R$/kWh), battery bank cost (R$), and the number of
power interruptions were modified. Similarly, the "Grid Electricity + Off-Grid Photovoltaic
System + Batteries" scenario remained the most viable for the first three analyzed parameters, while
the "Grid Electricity + Backup Generator" scenario became more viable only when the number of
power interruptions was reduced.
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SILVA, F. C. A. Aplicação de sistema fotovoltaico off-grid como backup de energia na zona rural - estudo de caso. 2023. 166 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia de Produção) - Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Aparecida de Goiânia, 2023.