Infecção por neisseria gonorrhoeae em mulheres assintomáticas: revisão sistemática de literatura e estudo de prevalência em centro de referência em reprodução humana de Goiânia, Brasil
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2013-06-27
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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It is estimated that between 60 and 80 million people worldwide enfretem difficulties
to reproduce at some point in their lives and it is estimated that this ratio reaches
approximately 20% of couples of reproductive age. Gonorrhea is a common bacterial
infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), transmitted almost exclusively by
sexual or perianal contact. In women genital infection can be asymptomatic and
when it discovers there may be serious complications such as pelvic inflammatory
disease, and ectopic pregnancy, a leading cause of female infertility. The molecular
diagnostic techniques are powerful allies in the tracking of NG and other sexually
transmitted diseases (STD). Therefore, an investigation was conducted in the
scientific literature in the form of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on the
prevalence of NG, molecular diagnostic techniques and the samples used in the
detection of this bacterium. Simultaneously, we developed a chart review in the last 4
years to detect the prevalence of gonococcal infection among other diagnoses as the
cause of infertility in women seen at the Laboratory of Human Reproduction -
Clinical Hospital, Goiânia, Goiás. SLR was found in 720 articles of which 694 were
excluded due to previously established criteria and 26 were included in this review.
The population was predominantly young 7 (27%) and female sex workers 6 (23%).
The age ranged from 12 to 59 years. The more frequent biological material was
endocervical swab 10 (38.46%), vaginal swabs 8 (30.76%), urine 4 (15.38%) and the
association of these 3 (11.53%). The in-house PCR was the choice of 12 trials for the
diagnosis of NG. In the other 14 studies different commercial diagnostic kits were
used. Gradually more it is observed the use of biological samples collected from a
less invasive diagnosis of STD. Molecular techniques found in this study are the
most used in asymptomatic patients, since they have greater efficiency in the
detection of NG, whose gold standard applies only in symptomatic patients. In
reviewing the records among the 340 women studied, the prevalence of NG 0.6%
and co-infection with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) was 0.6%. DIP was present in
2.1% of cases and 2 cases of coinfection of NG and CT and the mean age was 33
years. The CT and NG infections had low prevalence in the studied sample and
studies are needed in other breeding centers in the country to confirm the prevalence
of infections in this particular group of women with infertility problems.
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FERNANDES, Liliam Borges - Infecção por neisseria gonorrhoeae em mulheres assintomáticas: revisão sistemática de literatura e estudo de prevalência em centro de referência em reprodução humana de Goiânia, Brasil. 2013. 80 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2013.