Prevalência de sedentarismo em adolescentes escolares de uma capital brasileira
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Data
2013-07-29
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Introduction: Adolescence is a stage of transition from childhood to adulthood,
marked by changes and exposure to different situations and health risks. Sedentary
lifestyle is a risk factor for various diseases and knowing its prevalence and
associated factors may help in combating and preventing diseases and promoting
physical activity. Objective: To determine the prevalence of sedentary lifestyle and
physical activity levels and associated factors in adolescents aged 14 to 18 enrolled
in public and private school system of Goiania-Goias. Methodology: Cross-sectional
study with a representative sample of adolescents. Physical activity was measured
by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire _IPAQ_ (insufficiently active,
sufficiently active and very active). Sedentary lifestyle was defined according to the
World Health Organization as a moderate and/or vigorous physical activity
expenditure less than 300 minutes a week. The independent variables: gender, age,
skin color, smoking, alcohol consumption in the previous 30 days, socioeconomic
status, body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood
pressure, heart rate, pulse pressure and caloric expenditure. To determine the
factors associated with sedentary lifestyle the chi-square and Poisson regression test
were applied, whereas for comparison of means the Student t test, ANOVA and
Kruskal Wallis test were used, considering a significance level of p<0.05. Results:
The sample consisted of 862 with mean age of 15.41.1. Prevalence of the female
gender (52.8%), with the majority in the age group of 14 and 15 (52.2%). For the skin
color 51.2% related being “white”. In relation to the socioeconomic classification
52.5% from de students belonged to the Class C. Most of the adolescents was from
public schools (69.1%). Smoking was present in 1.6% and alcohol consumption in
72.2% of the sample. Altered Blood pressure (17.4%), altered waist circumference
(14.0%) and overweight (20.9%). Prevalence of sedentary lifestyle was 66.8% (95%
CI: 63.5-69.9). The male adolescents were more physically active than the females
ones (78.0% vs. 54.3%, p<0.001). According to the questionnaire used: 35.7%
(n=308) were insufficiently active, 36.7% (n=316) sufficiently active and 27.6%
(n=238) very active. The male gender presented lower levels of diastolic blood
pressure (66.9 mmHg, p=0.025) and heart rate (72.7 mmHg, p=0.038) when
associated with higher levels of physical activity. In females there were no significant
associations among physical activity level and the independent variables (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The majority of the adolescents were classified as sedentary. The male
gender was more active than the female one. In the students from the male gender
the physical activity levels were inversely associated with the diastolic blood pressure
and the heart rate.
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NASCENTE, Flávia Miquetichuc Nogueira. Prevalência de sedentarismo em adolescentes escolares de uma capital brasileira. 2013. 115 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2013.