Expansão urbana da região metropolitana de Goiânia e os impactos sobre os recursos hídricos
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2013-08-23
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The urban areas expansion in a disorganized way, is a problem that has caused major
disruptions due to severe damage to the health and population welfare, as well as material
damages. Brazil has few initiatives in urban planning, resulting in urbanized areas expansion
in an uncontrolled manner, causing major environmental impacts. The municipality of
Goiânia had its urban area almost doubled in 25 years period. This increase accelerated the
growth of neighboring towns and in 1999 was created the Metropolitan Region of Goiânia
(MRG). Despite the urban space occupation over time is complex, it is now easily evaluated
with the aid of science, technology and techniques correlated to the GIS. Therefore, this study
sought to answer questions about the urban areas expansion of MRG, using landscape
dynamics modeling techniques, and assessing the main environmental impacts caused by this
expansion, in past times, and in the future. In a second stage, we mapped the impervious areas
in Goiânia, processing a dataset obtained by laser scanning and aerial photographs. The
methodology proved feasible, especially the low cost involved throughout the data
processing. The results indicated the urbanization rate of MRG and allowed the mapping of
the expansion in the coming years. As a result of the mapping of land use conducted through
satellite images, for the years 1989, 2000 and 2011, we observed a considerable increase in
MRG urban spots, with area more than doubled since 1989. Already with the information
obtained by landscape dynamic modeling, we found that for the year 2060, the
SenadorCanedo urban area present a significant growth, and that MRG will increase by
approximately 21% their urban areas . Regarding the environmental impacts of this urban
expansion, we found that both in Goiânia, as MRG, this expansion has affected, and may still
affect quite important, the catchment area of public water supply of the cities, and other areas
with high environmental vulnerability, or permanent preservation in accordance with
environmental legislation. Finally, the study presents two maps in A1 format, which show the
urban expansion in the MRG and in the Goiás state capital, along with the environmental
vulnerability areas, and permanent preservation, which should be fully protected and
monitored in the coming years.
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Citação
LINO, Natalia Cristina. Expansão urbana da região metropolitana de Goiânia e os impactos sobre os recursos hídricos. 2013. 111 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia do Meio Ambiente) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2013.