Evolução de fatores de risco cardiovasculares em profissionais de saúde em um intervalo de vinte anos
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2014-04-09
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of death worlwide. Knowledgment about cardiovascular risk factors, the presence of these factors at younger ages, their evolution throughout time, as weel as evaluation of risk behaviours may contribute to actions that can change the natural history of theses risk factors and prevent cardiovascular diseases.
Objectives: Verify, in a cohort of medical professionals, prevalence and evolution of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in a twenty years interval.
Methods: We analyzed a group of medical professionals at their first year in medical school and twenty years later. They answered a questionnaire about CVRF (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, family history of early CVD, smoking habits, drinking habits and physical activities practice). Cholesterol, glycemia, blood pressure (BP), weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated.
Results: From 281 subjects (62,9% women, mean age of 19,7 years), data from 215 individuals (59,07% men, mean age of 39,8 years) were used for comparison 20 years later. There was an increase in hypertension (PA≥140x90mmHg) overweight (BMI>25Kg/m2), dyslipidemia (total cholesterol>200mg/dL) and ethilism. There was a decrease on prevalence of sedentarism. The analyses of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), cholesterol, glycemia and BMI showed elevation in mean values of all these variables. There was a positive relation between values of SBP, DBP, BMI, cholesterol and glycemia found in the two moments. When the different healthcare professionals were studied apart, the largest part of the group was from physicians wich were mostly men, while among nurses, nutritionits and pharmacists the groups were mainly from women. Overweight increased among physicians, dentists, nurses and pharmacists. High blood pressure increased among physicians, dentists and pharmacists. Dyslipidemia increased among physicians, dentists and nutritionists. Sedentarism was reduced among pharmacists. Ethilism increased among nurses. Tabagism didn’t change in any group of healthcare professional studied throghout the twenty years.
Conclusion: In a cohort of medical professionals we found a significant elevation in mean values of SBP, DBP, cholesterol, BMI and glycemia in a twenty years interval. In the analyses of prevalence of CVRF the elevation was seen for hypertension, overweight, dyslipidemia and ethilism, as weel as an decrease in sedentarism. There was a positive relation between values found in first phase comparing to second of SBP, DBP, BMI, cholesterol and glycemia. There was a variable evolution of some cardiovascular risk factors among different healthcare professionals. Among physicians and dentists there was an increase in overweight, high blood pressure and dyslipidemia. Among pharmacists increased overweight and high blood pressure and decreased sedentarism. Among nurses increased overweight and ethilism while in the nutrionists group there was an increase only in dyslipidemia.
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JARDIM, Thiago de Souza Veiga. Evolução de fatores de risco cardiovasculares em profissionais de saúde em um intervalo de vinte anos. 2014. 133 f.Tese (Doutorado em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia,2014.