A locomotiva nas fronteiras: o veículo das transformações em Goiás - 1913-1940
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2014-03-07
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The process of Goiás economy formation was marked by mineral economics, with
great emphasis on the gold, in the eighteenth century, and by agriculture, especially
livestock, in the nineteenth century. For many years, this economy was limited to a
domestic consumer market with great predominance of subsistence, given the then
existing difficulty of disposing of their production, in the absence of an adequate
transportation system that would meet such demands. This bottleneck of economic
nature was partly solved with the arrival, in Goiás territory, the Railroad of Goiás
(EFG) in 1913, in the early years of the twentieth century. This new road system was
instrumental in the pioneering front, in Martins (1975) view, the reality of a market
economy. This research therefore analyzed, the transformation taken place in the
state of Goiás, between 1913 and 1940, with the Railroad of Goiás as its catalyst
agent. These changes occurred in the environment, the land which now becomes
merchandise and a new relationship between man and nature, in the Goiás region
given by this railroad tracks in a very particular way in seven townships in the region.
The environmental impacts of the EFG in these townships where it passed were
treated by the consumption of firewood and wooden cross ties, results of readings
taken in the management report of the EFG and testimonials from former employees
and suppliers of the railway. At the same time, the transformation of land into
merchandise, in the townships of Ipameri and Bonfim, was discussed from land
prices, the main indicator used to arrive at changes in these places was obtained
through surveys the local offices of the land records. Regarding the relationship of
man with nature, this was analyzed, basically, by means of an extensive oral survey,
conducted with former employees of the railroad, with former suppliers of firewood
and railway wooden cross ties, plus testimonials from former owners of rural region.
The presence of the railroad then in Goiás, as a catalyst element, created the
essential conditions for the transformations that have taken place there, either onsite
biome, specifically the land that extends its prices, being treated as a commodity, and
new relations of man with nature, dictated by the presence in the region, in a market
economy.
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CAMPOS JÚNIOR, Paulo Borges. A locomotiva nas fronteiras: o veículo das transformações em Goiás - 1913-1940. 2014. 205 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Ambientais) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia,2014.