Remoção do herbicida atrazina por fungos de decomposição branca
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2013-08-12
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Given the deterioration of water resources and the growing need to meet water quality standards, alternatives to remove micropollutants from aquatic environments have become necessary. Among micropollutants, we highlight atrazine (ATZ), from the class of triazine herbicides, classified as moderately toxic to humans and highly toxic to aquatic organisms, a potent endocrine disruptor and possibly a carcinogenic. Biotechnological processes have been utilized to minimize the toxic effects of pollutants on both humans and the environment, promoting the interaction between micro-organisms and their by-products, such as enzymes. This study aimed to experimentally describe the removal of ATZ from a final concentration of 100 mg.L-1 in liquid culture medium, utilizing rot-white fungi as a future contributor in the treatment of wastewater or public water supplies. Initially assessed the tolerance of Trametes villosa, Lentinus edodes, Pycnosporus sanguineus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus sp., in PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) culture with nutritional variations (PDA test standard, PDA 40% and PDA 0%) in the presence of atrazine at a concentration of 100 mg. L-1 and above an application value of 500 mg.L-1. Next conducted a test 2.2-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium 0.02% (ABTS) to assess the production of ligninolytic enzymes. In these stages, the microorganisms showed both tolerance to atrazine toxicity and growth through each nutritional condition assessed, displaying decrease in growth rate at a concentration of ATZ500 mg.L-1.Morphology and mycelial growth were unsatisfactory at a low nutrient concentration (PDA 0%) when compared with PDA test standard and PDA 40%. Following a 24 hour culture period, enzymatic activity was detected through a colored halo around the microorganisms inoculant across all assessed conditions, except for Lentinus edodes and Trametes villosa, which showed activity after 96 hours, the latter only in PDA 0% culture in the presence and absence of herbicide, therefore selected for the ATZ degradation experiments in liquid culture medium. Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus sp. in PDA 40% static condition yielded the highest removal concentration indexes.ATZ concentration decrease was obtained through enzymatic activity, especially that of laccase and manganese peroxidase, by means of adsorption in the biomass of the microorganisms. Atrazine concentration was determined by means of gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry methods. Study results regarding Pleurotus sp., Pleurotus ostreatus and Pycnosporus sanguineus, under two distinct conditions (agitation and statics), showed their great potential in the bioremediation of aquatic environments contaminated by atrazine.
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MONTEIRO, Keyle Borges e Silva. Remoção do herbicida atrazina por fungos de decomposição branca. 2013. 140 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia do Meio Ambiente) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2013.