Avaliação do papel repelente de voláteis isolados no odor de cães da raça Beagle contra o carrapato Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae)
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Data
2014-02-14
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Ticks are arthropods of great importance in public health, due to the transmission
of many pathogens. Rhipicephalus sanguineus parasites mainly dogs. It is known
that Beagle dogs are less susceptible to R. sanguineus than English Cocker
Spaniel, and still have resistance patterns linked to immunity. The lower
susceptibility of Beagle dogs is due to chemical compounds they produce, which
act in reducing the parasitic load of R. sanguineus on these animals. Given that
this research aimed to verify the chemical repellency against R. sanguineus of
compounds that have been identified in the odor of resistant dogs, and synthetic
repellent compounds to other tick species. For testing chemical repellency two
tests were used, the Petri dish and the Y-olfactometer. Five compounds identified
in Beagle odors were selected and tested: 2 - hexanone, nonane, decane,
undecane and benzaldehyde, the compound of botanical origin β-citronellol and
the standard repellent DEET (N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide). These compounds
were tested alone and also two mixtures were evaluated: benzaldehyde and 2-hexanone (1:1), and benzaldehyde, 2-hexanone and undecane (1:1:1). All these
compounds were prepared in a stock solution of 7.2 % ( ≈ 0.200 mg/cm²) and two
lower concentrations were also tested: 0.100 and 0.050 mg/cm². DEET was
repellent in the two highest concentrations and 68.33 to 86.67% of the ticks were
found in untreated areas in different time points. At the concentration of 0.050
mg/cm² ticks were distributed similarly (without significant difference) in both
areas. β-citronellol was the only compound tested that was repellent at all times
and concentrations tested. The percentage of ticks in untreated areas ranged from
73.33 to 93.33 %. When compared β-citronellol with DEET the first compound was
more effective at repelling the adults of R. sanguineus. For benzaldehyde, 30
minutes at a concentration of 0.200 mg/cm² a percentage of 63.33 % of ticks was
observed in the untreated area. Percentage of 76.67 was observed after 5 min. at
a concentration of 0.050 mg/cm². 2-hexanone was repellent at 30 min. at a
concentration of 0.200 mg/cm² at 10 min. at a concentration of 0.100 mg/cm² and
30 minutes at a concentration of 0.050 mg/cm². For undecane a rate of 65.00% of
ticks was observed in the untreated area in one moment of testing, the highest
concentration during the first 5 min. of the evaluation. Nonane and decane not
were not repellent at any of the concentrations and time intervals. The blend
benzaldehyde + 2-hexanone was repellent in the three highest concentrations in
almost all evaluated times, including in the olfactometer testing. During the whole
test this mixture showed statistical similarity when compared with DEET. The
addition of undecane to this blend did not potentiate its repellent power. The main
result was the finding of natural repellents in resistant dogs to the tick R.
sanguineus.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
2-hexanona , β-citronelol , Benzaldeido , DEET , Olfatômetro em Y , Undecano , 2-hexanona , β-citronelol , Benzaldehyde , DEET , Undecane , Yolfactometer
Citação
OLIVEIRA FILHO, Jaires Gomes de. Avaliação do papel repelente de voláteis isolados no odor de cães da raça Beagle contra o carrapato Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae). 2014. 52 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência Animal) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2014.