Pesquisa de vírus respiratórios em crianças asmáticas (exacerbadas e não exacerbadas) e em crianças não asmáticas com sintomas de infecção respiratória aguda, em Goiânia-Goiás
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2014-04-25
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Objective: to describe the prevalence of respiratory viruses in children with
asthma during exacerbation and compare with those non-exacerbated and nonasthmatic
children during acute respiratory infection.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study nasopharyngeal aspirate/swab from
children (4-14 years) was collected between August-2012 and August-2013 in a
city (Goiânia) in Center-Brazil. There were 92 with exacerbated asthma (EA), 72
non-asthmatic with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in emergency room, and 61
non exacerbated asthmatic (NEA) treated in specialized clinics. The samples
were tested to indirect immunofluorescence using the Respiratory Panel I
(Chemicon. MA, USA) and RT-PCR kit rhinovirus. The study was approved by
the ethics committee of the HC / UFG and statistical analysis performed with the
SPSS v.20 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). The chi-square test was used to
compare categorical variables and Kruskal-Wallis test to compare medians, pvalue<
0.05 was considered significant.
Results: the sample consisted of 225 children, mostly male (59.5%) with median
age of seven years. The viral prevalence was 91.1% and rhinovirus was the
most commonly detected (67.6%), with no significant difference in incidence
among all groups. Other viruses were identified: influenza A (13.2%),
adenovirus (7.5%), influenza B (3.5%), respiratory syncytial virus (2.8%),
parainfluenza 2 (2.8%) and parainfluenza 1 (2.5%). Adenovirus were more
frequent in ARI (p=0.25). The EA group compared to the NEA group had cough
at night (p<0.01), symptoms on exertion (p<0.01), medical visits (p<0.01) and
hospitalizations for asthma (p<0.01) in the last 12 months and less use of
medication (8.6%) for asthma control (p<0.01).
Conclusions: the prevalence of viral detection was high (90.1%) in all patients
(EA, NEA and ARI) and rhinovirus was the most prevalent agent, without
differences between groups while adenovirus was more common in nonasthmatic
children. Children with exacerbated asthma had parameters of
uncontrolled disease in the last 12 months. Asthmatic children with nonexacerbated
disease had no exacerbation although most of them had viruses in
their nasopharynx, probable because of the regular use of inhaled
corticosteroids.
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COSTA, Lusmaia Damaceno Camargo. Pesquisa de vírus respiratórios em crianças asmáticas (exacerbadas e não exacerbadas) e em crianças não asmáticas com sintomas de infecção respiratória aguda, em Goiânia-Goiás. 2014. 116 f. Tese (Doutorado Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2014.