Evolução de atributos reprodutivos em anuros
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2014-03-14
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Leptodactylinae frogs are a remarkable example of anurans outstanding diversity of reproductive features. The major distinctions among the four reproductive modes presented by this group are the relationship with water and the predicted gradual tendency towards terrestriality. To study the evolution of Leptodactylinae reproductive traits and recognize their patterns we used ancestral reconstruction methods. We also tested correlations among reproductive modes and other life-history traits by using stochastic inferences. First we reconstructed a phylogenetic hypothesis of Leptodactylinae lineages including Leptodactylus,
Adenomera, and Lithodytes genera based on four DNA fragments. This hypothesis comprises the most complete phylogeny of Adenomera to date and confirm its monophyletism with
Lithodytes as sister taxon. Our ancestral reconstruction analysis indicated that even though shifts from aquatic to terrestrial breeding occurred in the history of Leptodactylus and
Adenomera, shifts from terrestrial to aquatic happened in almost the same frequency, indicating that Leptodactylinae frogs do not always evolve towards terrestriality and that reproductive modes with semi-terrestrial tadpoles is not necessarily an intermediate form between aquatic and terrestrial breed. Correlations among reproductive modes and other life-history traits suggest that tadpole environment, clutch size, nuptial spines, and egg pigmentation are coevolving driven by water dependence.
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PEREIRA, E. B. Evolução de atributos reprodutivos em anuros. 2014. 106 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ecologia e Evolução) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2014.